Neurologia medico-chirurgica

Effect of Interferon-γ on ACNU-induced DNA Damage and Cytotoxicity in Human Glioblastoma Cells

Wei ZHANG, Akira HARA, Takatsugu MURAKAWA, Shuji NIIKAWA, Takashi ANDO ...

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 275-279
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.275

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Interferons (IFNs) are a natural body defense with powerful effects on tumor growth, including gliomas. The direct effects of IFN-γ on (1-4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU)-induced deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage and cytotoxicity were investigated in two human glioblastoma cell lines, A-172 and T98G, using a single cell microgel electrophoresis technique and a microculture tetrazolium assay. The results demonstrated a synergistic effect of IFN-γ with ACNU on intracellular damage in both cell lines. 10μg/ml ACNU induced a cell inhibition rate of 23.9% in A-172 cells, and almost no effect on T98G cells. 1000 U/ml IFN-γ and 10 μg/ml ACNU caused a significant increase in cell inhibition, 51.2% for A-172 and 72.3% for T98G cells. DNA damage in individual A-172 and T98G cells exposed to ACNU was enhanced significantly by IFN-γ (p < 0.001). The findings suggest a direct effect of IFN-γ on ACNU-induced cell damage in human glioma, in addition to its effect on immunomodulation.

View full abstract

Download PDF (330K)
Morphological Changes of Unmyelinated Nerves in the Cerebral Arteries after Removal of the Pterygopalatine Ganglion —An Electron Microscopic Study—

Seiichi ANDO, Osamu TANAKA, Satoshi KUWABARA, Kouzo MORITAKE

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 280-284
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.280

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

To investigate the participation of the pterygopalatine ganglion in the parasympathetic innervation of the cerebral arteries, Wallerian degeneration was evaluated in the unmyelinated nerves of the major cerebral arteries following the removal of the bilateral pterygopalatine ganglia in dogs. Several days after removal, transmission electron microscopy demonstrated typical features of degeneration in about one-third of the unmyelinated nerves, which are generally considered to be mostly autonomic, i.e., sympathetic and/or parasympathetic. Accordingly, removal of the pterygopalatine ganglion causes Wallerian degeneration of the sympathetic and/or parasympathetic nerves innervating the cerebral arteries. A supplementary study using monoamine fluorescence histochemistry demonstrated that there was no degeneration of the sympathetic nerves innervating the cerebral arteries. Therefore, the degenerated unmyelinated nerves are almost all parasympathetic. These experimental results support the concept that most parasympathetic nerves innervating the cerebral arteries originate in the pterygopalatine ganglion.

View full abstract

Download PDF (518K)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Kainic Acid-induced Limbic Seizure Status in Cats

Shigeya TANAKA, Tatsuya TANAKA, Shinji KONDO, Tomokatsu HORI, Hiroshi ...

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 285-289
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.285

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Magnetic resonance imaging before, during, and after kainic acid (KA)-induced limbic seizure status in cats demonstrated the bilateral hippocampi as slightly high-intensity areas on the T₂-weighted images during the limbic seizure status, and isointensity areas 1-2 weeks after KA injection when the limbic seizure status subsided. However, the hippocampi again became high-intense 1-3 months after KA injection. Histological study suggested that the high-intensity area during the limbic seizure status resulted from regional edema, and in the chronic period from marked gliosis and/ or atrophic change as a consequence of tissue damage in the hippocampus.

View full abstract

Download PDF (422K)
Interstitial Radiofrequency Hyperthermia for Brain Tumors

—Preliminary Laboratory Studies and Clinical Application—

Hiroaki KOGA, Kazuo MORI, Yoshiharu TOKUNAGA

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 290-294
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.290

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

An interstitial radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia system for brain tumor was evaluated in cranial phantoms and cat brains. An intracranial RF applicator and thermocouple microprobes were emplaced in the brain and a headband-type flexible extracranial electrode fixed over the scalp. An 8 MHz RF capacitive-type heating machine provided power. The temperature distribution was measured by thermography. In phantom and animal studies, the RF power had good penetration into the tissue and generated uniform and easily controllable high-temperature fields within the intracranial cavity. There was little change in temperature near or in the cranium itself. Six cases of human malignant glioma were treated with this interstitial RF hyperthermia system, achieving therapeutic temperature without adverse effects.

View full abstract

Download PDF (361K)
Effect of Chemoradiotherapy Using ACNU, Vincristine, and Nicardipine with High-dose Irradiation on Malignant Astrocytomas

Shigeru GENKA, Nobuyuki SHITARA, Hirohiko NAKAMURA, Kintomo TAKAKURA

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 295-299
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.295

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Fifty-two patients with malignant astrocytoma were treated with cellular synchronization radiation therapy at the University of Tokyo Hospital between 1977 and 1989. Twenty-five patients (Group 1) received 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU), vincristine, and 60 Gy of irradiation, and 27 patients (Group 2) ACNU, vincristine, the Ca-channel blocker nicardipine, and 72 Gy of irradiation. Median survival times for Groups 1 and 2 were 15 and 30 months, respectively. Although there was no significant difference, Group 2 achieved longer survival with 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of 85.2, 65.8, and 46.9% compared to rates of 66.7, 40.0, and 26.7%, respectively, for Group 1.

View full abstract

Download PDF (352K)
Management of Adult Moyamoya Disease

Hiroshi WANIFUCHI, Mikihiko TAKESHITA, Masahiro IZAWA, Nobuo AOKI, Miz ...

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 300-305
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.300

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The surgical management of adult moyamoya disease was evaluated retrospectively. Eight of 10 patients with hemorrhagic stroke had no bleeding episodes and eight of 11 patients with ischemic stroke were asymptomatic postoperatively. Angiography demonstrated neovascularization via the external carotid artery (ECA) in 22 sites (88%) and reduced basal moyamoya vessels in 11 sites (44%) postoperatively. These symptomatic improvements and angiographic findings suggest that reconstructive surgery for adult moyamoya disease patients with hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke is effective in decreasing hemodynamic stress in the basal moyamoya vessels and increasing the cortical blood supply via the ECA.

View full abstract

Download PDF (361K)
Fenestration of the Internal Carotid Artery Associated with an Ischemic Attack —Case Report—

Hidemi NAKAMURA, Hiroshi YAMADA, Tomonori NAGAO, Katsuzo FUJITA, Norih ...

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 306-308
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.306

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

A rare case of fenestration or duplication of the internal carotid artery occurring in a 73-year-old male associated with ischemic attack is reported. Carotid angiography demonstrated the fenestration associated with coiling in the left internal carotid artery. He was treated conservatively. The ischemic attack was probably due to a thrombus or embolus from the fenestration.

View full abstract

Download PDF (230K)
Cerebral Aneurysm Associated with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, Type 1 —Case Report—

Koji ADACHI, Motoshige KUDO, Mau Nan CHEN, Shozo NAKAZAWA, Ichiji WAKA ...

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 309-311
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.309

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Cerebral aneurysm associated with pituitary adenoma and other endocrine dysfunctions occurred in a 45-year-old female suffering from multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (Wermer''s syndrome). She died of subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to rupture of the aneurysm. Pituitary adenoma and/or other endocrine dysfunctions associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 may be a factor in the aneurysm formation.

View full abstract

Download PDF (373K)
Anaplastic Astrocytoma with Extracranial Extension —Case Report—

Chikara MIMATA, Youichi ITOYAMA, Junichi KURATSU, Shouzaburou UEMURA, ...

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 312-315
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.312

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

A 44-year-old female presented with anaplastic astrocytoma of the right temporal lobe which had destroyed the skull base and extended extracranially. Histologically, the extracranial portion of the tumor was astrocytoma with desmoplastic reaction. She was treated by subtotal tumor removal, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, but died of meningeal dissemination. Spontaneous extradural extension of malignant glioma is rare and always fatal.

View full abstract

Download PDF (306K)
Thoracic Epidural Angiolipoma —Case Report—

Yasushi SHIBATA, Koichi SUGIMOTO, Takayuki MATSUKI, Tadao NOSE

1993 Volume 33 Issue 5 Pages 316-319
Published: 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 20, 2006

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2176/nmc.33.316

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

We report a rare case of thoracic epidural angiolipoma in a 38-year-old female with clinical, radiological, and histological findings including magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging can provide preoperative diagnosis of spinal angiolipoma, and complete removal can achieve a successful outcome. The possible embryogenetic origin is, however, not proved.

View full abstract

Download PDF (305K)

Register with J-STAGE for free!