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Volume 23, Issue 9
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Part I. On the Estimation of Organic Acids and Quality of SilageHiroshi SUTOH1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 369-373
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author has applied WIEGNER's original method, different kinds of LEPPER'S modified methods and FLIEG'S method in estimating organic acids of silages prepared from Ipomaea batatas L. var. edulis, Vicia hirsuta KOCH. and Stellaria media CYR. As a result of his experiment, he has regarded LEPPER'S simplified method as the most practical and conve-nient one. Some other data of studies on silage were also reported..View full abstractDownload PDF (382K) -
Hiroshi KONDO, Toshihiko AKITA1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 373-376
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe method for the determination of oximes depends upon the colour reaction of nitrous acid. A pink colour develops when nitrous acid reacts with sulfanilic acid and α-naphthyl-amine. At first some supplementary experiments were made concerning the sensitiveness of this reaction. It is necessary that for the estimation of oximes these should be hydrolysed and then the formed hydroxylamine be oxidized to nitrous acid. The best procedures for the hydrolysis of oximes are as follows: to the solution containing oximes iodine-acetic acid and sulfanilic acid are added and the mixture is kept at 90° for 45 seconds. In order to avoid the destruction of hydroxylamine the follwing procedures are the most suitable for the oxidation of this amine: sulfanilic acid and iodine-acetic acid are mixed in the exam-ining solution and the resulting mixture is maintained at room temperature for 10 minutes. The reagents used were prepared in established ways.View full abstractDownload PDF (391K) -
Part I. General Properties of Cytochrome OxidaseMegumu INAOKA1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 376-379
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCrude enzyme extract of cytochrome oxidase was prepared from ox heart muscle and its several properties were examined. The method of extraction was as follows: the heart muscle was washed several times with water and ground with sand and M/15 phosphate buffer. After centrifuge, a reddish brown turbid suspension was obtained.
The oxidase activity of this suspension was measured manometrically by using Warburg's manometer. As the substrate hydroquinone was used. It was found that the optimum pH of this enzyme activity was about 7.18 and destroyed mostly by heating for ten minutes.
Moreover, the method of oxidase activity by iodometric titration was conceived, and the effect of potassium cyanide, hydroxylamine and acetoxime on the cytochrome oxidase was examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (379K) -
Part III. Establishment of “the Optimum and Maximum Cu2O Curve” on Isolation Process of Glutathione as its Cuprous Salt from SolutionYoshiro KUROIWA1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 380-385
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Cu2O method of isolating glutathione, by which HOPKINS succeeded in 1929, is recog-nized to be the best from the point of its purity, but it has defect in decision of the opti-mum amount of Cu2O.
It is now very easy to manage, as I have established “the optimum and maximum Cu2O curve” In precipitating glutathione as its cuprous salt, we adjust the sulphuric acid concent-ration of solution and thus we can calculate the Cu2O amount as follows.
1) We determine the glutathione content (mg%) by Ogawa's or Kuroiwa's modified method.
2) We calculate, by the following hypothetical equation, the theoretical Cu2O value corresponding to the glutathione content.
2GSH+Cu2O=2GSCu+H2O
3) We find out the multiple No. of the theoretical Cu2O value from the GSH content (mg %), without calculation (Fig. 1).
Now we can figure out the amount of Cu2O to be added:
(The multiple No. found) • (The theoretical Cu2O value calculated) • (cc. of solution) • 1/100View full abstractDownload PDF (448K) -
Part IV. Applied Examples of “the Optimum and Maximum Cu2O Curve” on Isolation Prccess of Glutathione from SolutionYoshiro KUROIWA1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 385-390
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is considered to be convenient to divide the glutathione yield frcm yeast into two steps, namely, 1) extraction yield from yeast, and 2) GSCu yield from extract.
The results of the former were reported and regarding the latter, as previously reported, I could establish “the optimum and maximum Cu2O curve”.
Here I present three applied examples of my “curve” and criticize the both of the yield on two steps.
The yield of my methods used, are summarized as follows, comparing with the yield of the SCHROEDER, COLLIER and W00DWARD methods.
_??_
By using “the optimum and maximum cufve” GSCu is precipitated very easily, at least 65% or more of the GSH content in extract.
After all, every step yield is satisfactory, particularly my dry ice method is far superior.View full abstractDownload PDF (429K) -
Part II. The Relation between the Phenomena and the Amylolytic EnzymesKen-ichi TAKAOKA1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 390-396
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe amylolytic enzymes of Aspergillvs candidus var. amylolytieus was examined by ordi-nary methods.
The water extract of the koji obtained by the action of this microbe has very strong α-amylase power and contains also thermostable β-amylase and maltase.
The reverse action of iodine reaction was caused by the α-amylase fraction of this microbe, but was not caused by the fraction of maltase.
The fractions of the so-called “amylosynthease” and the β-amylase caused a weak reverse action and these reverse actions were accelerated by addition of the α-amylase fraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (525K) -
Yûzo INOUE, Shigeyoshi SONO1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 396-398
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe method of synthesizing α-aminoadipic acid (VIII) from cyclohexanol (I) was studied. Ethyl cyclopentanone carboxylate (IV), one of the intermediate compounds, was obtained quantitatively by the use of excess amount of sodium, addition of absolute alcohol and grinding the reaction mixture at the initial stage of the reaction, (VIII) was obtained by the catalytic reduction of α-oximidoadip:c ester (V) through the ester of the amino-acid (VII).
Both synthetic amino-adipic acid and its mono-sodium salt are far faint in taste as com-pared with glutamic acid and its salt.View full abstractDownload PDF (254K) -
Part VI. Retting of Mulberry Fiber by Aspergillus nigerT. ASAI, M. SANO, G. INOUE1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 398-404
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mulberry fibers are perfectly degummed by Asp. niger var. cha (cha means tea in Japanese). It was confirmed that in the retting course appreciable quantity of oxalic acid was produced accordingly to the decomposition of pectin and allied substances contained in the raw fibers. The.production of oxalic acid reaches 2_??_3% of taw fibers. As the result of selection of Asp. niger for the degumming purpose it was found that the strong acid producing strains generally showed the great activity.
Addition of CaCO3 to neutralize oxalic acid produced in the fermentation stops almost perfectly the action of protopectinase and pectinase of Asp. niger, so it may be said that not only the actual pH range of the retting is in acidic side but also the oxalic acid itself acts effective in the degumming course. In truth, the oxalic acid decomposes conspicuously the protopectin into water soluble pectin. It was confirmed that the optimal pH of protopectinase of Asp. niger var. cha was about pH <3 and that of pectinase was in the range of about pH 3_??_5.
According to the facts described above, the degumming action of Asp. niger is due to its enzymic action especially in the acidic side which is influenced by the oxalic acid production, but it must not be overlooked that the oxalic acid itself plays the significant role in the retting course.View full abstractDownload PDF (600K) -
Part VII. Retting of Ramie-fiber in Submerged Enzyme Produced by Aspergillus nigerToshinobu ASAI, Hiuga SAITO1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 404-410
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the microbiological degumming of ramie-fiber by using a strain of Aspergillus nicer isolated from raw ramie.
The submerged culture-fluid was used for that purpose so that the retting-time may be saved and the back spores may not damage the fiber.
In the shaking culture, production of depectinizing enzyme is accelerated by use of alkali scouring waste liquor of ramie as culture medium. The addition of stillage as nutrient is highly effective.
The less the amount of C source was added to alkali scouring waste liquor (the basal medium), the more the amount of protopectinase was produced, so far as the develop-ment of the mold and the production of oxalic acid were concerened.
The highest activity of protopectinase out of influence of oxalic acid was obtained on the following cultural conditions: media: A. S. W. L, 100+glucose 2+peptone 1; initial pH: 5.2_??_7.6; temp.: 29_??_35°C.
Though conditions of retting are not yet fully studied, we can expect cooperative effect of the enzyme and oxalate produced in the culture, so that the fiber may be degummed in short-er time than a day at the temperature as low a_??_30_??_40°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (593K) -
Kinichiro SAKAGUCHI, Sawao MURAO1950 Volume 23 Issue 9 Pages 411
Published: April 01, 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (72K)
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