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Volume 24, Issue 10
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Report 11. Submerged Culture of Sporobolomyces Red YeastI. YAMASAKI, Y. SATOMURA, T. YAMAMOTO, H. FUJII, K. WATANABE1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 443-446
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAeration culture of a red yeast, Sporobolomyces ruberrimus, was perfumed in a laboratory scale. The results are as follows
1) Tile generation time of this yeast is about 6 hrs. at its optimum temperature 25°C in the peptone medium.
2) In a later period of growth, non-assimilable N-compounds accumulate to the amount of 40% of initial N level in the peptone medium.
3) C/N ratio favorable for the growth of this yeast is 12-15, and under this condition, yeasts containing 30% fats can be cropped in the yield of ca. 50% on consumed sugar.
4) As N-source, peptone is the best and other substances, such as asparagine, glutaminate, KNO3 Ca(NO3)2, prolong the induction period of growfh but the final yield of the yeast is almost equal in each case.
5) Chemical constituents of this red yeast are determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (343K) -
Eitaro KOMATSU1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 447-451
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author has isolated a fungus-like organism (RP) which grew scantily but showed inhibitory action among the colonies of Penicillum chrysogenum Q176 on a CZAPEK's agar plate. The culture filtrate of RP, besides Q176, retarded the growth of several strains of Penicilla and a strain of black Aspergilli, but had not activity against a strain of each species of Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus, and Mucor. Furthermore several type cultures of Aspergilli and Penicillia were tested for RP by the so-called streak plate method on koji-extract agar, It was found that all strains of Aspergillus flaves-oryzae, group, only one of the black Aspergilli, and two of Penicillia were not inhibited. Then classification of Aspergilli or Penicillia would be possible in view of their behaviors towards RP or its active substance (s). Even the strains considered as insensitive here, however, are also inhibited to a certain extent on CZAPEK's agar by RP. This fact suggests that the active substance (s) produced by RP might inhibit. the early stages of the cell-material syntheses by the above organisms from inorganic salts contained in, the medium.
RP is willing to grow submerged in synthetic liquid media, such as CZAPEK's one, instead of surface growth, producing antifungal substance (s). Three thousand times dilution of the culture filtrate is not enough to make it inactive against a strain of black Aspergilli. The shaken culture have little advantage both on the growth of RP and on the formation of active substance (s). On the synthetic solid media, RP shows scant growth but develops deeply into the agar. RP has long and branching hyphae, of ca. 2.5 microns, having no septa. The masses of hyphae, namely the flocculent colonies, in liquid media, do not submit to lysis for a long time, and the culture broth is clear and not liable to change in reaction. Sporulation has not been definitely recognized.
Against bactria, that is, Bacillus subtilis, Esherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, the culture filtrate of RP is not active.
The isolation of the active substance (s) and the more detailed study are to be reported in the following papers.View full abstractDownload PDF (925K) -
Chemical Studies on Preservation and Preparation of Meats and Meat Products. Part 1R. SASAKI, M. FUJIMAKI1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 452-455
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen neutralized formalin solution was added to aquequs extract of tunny meat, it was observed that the solution waq clear, turbid, and then coagulative as the freshness of the meat decreased. Coagulative precipitation in formol reaction of fish meat was observed at the beginning point of putrefaction, nearly parallelly with the increases in pH value and volatile basic nitrogen.
So we believe that it is probably possible to use this formol reaction for determining freshness of fish meat such as tunny.View full abstractDownload PDF (363K) -
Kinshi SUMINOE, Michio KOZAKI1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 455-456
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Nitrogen fixation by Dematium pullulance is studied, using glucose as the carbon source.
2. Nitrogen fixed per lg of glucose reached 1400mg. So that this fungus has the highest power of nitrogen fixation ever known. It is about 100 times of that of Azotobacter.
3. The velocity of nitrogen fixation is very great.
4. The smaller the concentration of glucose in the medium (in the range of 0.2_??_2%), the greater is the nitrogen fixation.View full abstractDownload PDF (161K) -
Kinshi SUMINOE, Kunio TSUDA1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 457-459
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(1) The effect of chlorides (chiefly NaCl and CaCl2) to restrain multiplication of Bact. xylinum (the chief bacteria which causes turbidity of vinegar) is studied.
(2) It multiplies when 1.75% of sodium chloride is added to Koji ext. (Ball. 7°), but does not multiply when 2% of sodium chloride is added.
(3) It multiplies when 0.8% of sodium chloride is added to Koji ext. (containing 1% of acetic acid) but does not multiply when 1% of sodium chloride is added.
(4) It multiplies when 0.6% of calcium chloride- is added to Koji ext. (containing 4% of acetic acid) but does not multiply when 0.8% of calcium chloride is added.
(5) It does not multiply in Koji ext. (Ball. 3°, containing 3% of acetic acid) in the cases, when 0.2% of sodium chloride and 0.5% of calcium chloride, 0.3% of sodium chloride and 0.5% of calcium chloride, or 0.4% of sodium chloride and 4% of calcium chloride are added.
(6) It does not multiply in Koji ext. (Ball. 3°, containing 4% of acetic aid) in the cases, when 0.1% of sodium chloride and 0.5% -of calcium chloride, 0.2% of sodium chloride and 0.5% of calcium chloride, 0.2% of sodium chloride and 0.4% of calcium chloride, or 0.3% of sodium chloride and 0.3% of calcium chloride are added.
(7) It does not multiply in Koji ext. (Ball. 3°, containing 4.5% of acetic acid) in the cases, when 0.2% of sodium chloride and 0.3% of calcium chloride, 0. 3% of sodium chloride and 0.3% of calcium chliride, 0.4% or of sodium chloride and 0.2% of calcium chloridep are added.View full abstractDownload PDF (181K) -
Part 1. On Allyl Alcohol DehydrogenaseKen-ichi OTSUKA1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 460-464
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author has succeeded to isolate an alcohol dehydrogenase in the cell-free state from Escherichia coli by which allyl alcohol and 2, 3-butylene glycol are s_??_ecifically attacked, but other primary and secondary alcohols and glycerol are not. The process of allyl alcohol. dehydrogenation is as follows: CH2=CH•CH2OH-2H→CH2=CH•CHO
The optimum pH zone lies befween 7.6 and 7.7 at 37°C. Besides, the action of a suspension of resting cells on allyl alcohol was effected by the presence of inorganic phosphate.View full abstractDownload PDF (463K) -
Studies on the Plant-hormones. Part 4Tetsuo MITSUI1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 465-470
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA test method of growth-promoting activity based on the epinasty of tomato-plant was designed.
A typical example of epinasty produced by an active substance was shown in Fig. 1. This example suggests that the distribution of the cells sensible to the stimulation of plant-hormone is represented by the spotted part in Fig.2 The suitable part of a tomato-plant for treatmeant with a test substance was determined from these experiments.
Bending of a petiole was recorded by photographs every 2 or 3 hours, and then the angle cc (in Fig. 3) was measured. The mean values of these angles observed in many experiments were represented graphically (Fig. 5), where the angle and the time were shown on the ordinate and the abscissa respecively. These graphs show not only the activity of a substances but. also the change of activity caused by dilution of test substances. Correlation between activity and concentration seems to be characteristic in each substance.
Activities of test substances are shown in Table l.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
Part 19. Correlation of Sclerotinizability and Alkaloid-Productivity of Ergot Fungus with its Parasitic CapacityMatazô ABE, Tôgo YAMANO, Yoshiharu KÔZU, Mitsugi KUS ...1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 471-476
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) About nine hundred strains, including many of those characterized ed clearly by differences in morphological properties, have been obtained from the cultures of the agroclavine producing race irradiated with radium or with ultraviolet light.
2) These strains were classified into four groups: the strains capable to parasite, and having sclerotinizing and alkaloid-prodciung abilities; the strains capable to parasite, but having little or no sclerotinizing and alkaloid-producing abilities; the strains incapable to parasite, and having little or no sclerotinizing and alkaloid-producing abilities; and the strains incapable to parasite, but having sclerotinizing and alkaloid-producing abilities.
3) It is thereby presumed that the enzyme system taking part in the parasitism of ergot fungus has no direct connection with that participating in its sclerotinization, and that at least one of the enzymatic reactions determining the sclerotinization of sphacelia is indispensable for the production of ergot alkaloids.
4) There are regressive factors in the effects of radium or ultraviolet light upon the cultures of ergot fungus. It, however, appears that whatever mutant resulting from the cultures irradiated with radium or with ultraviolet light produces the same alkaloids as those produced by original cultures.View full abstractDownload PDF (1765K) -
T. YAMANISHI, Y. OBATA1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 477-479
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous paper, we reported that the development of the sunflavor in beer which was exposed to the sunlight was due to the reduction of diethylester of dithiodiglycolic acid (oxidized-type) to ethylester of thioglycolic acid (reduced-type) This is produced by following reaction system.
_??_
By pursuing further our investigation in the direction of the absorption-spectra, we found that the flavin was activated by the sunlight, particularly the rays ranging from 441 to 452 mμ, and then the reaction of this system was accelerated.View full abstractDownload PDF (925K) -
Part 3. Syntheses of Unsaturated Aldehydes and KetonesY. OBATA, T. YAMANISHI1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 479-481
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have synthesized unsaturated aldehydes and ketones by condensation of the aldehydes which are known to be contained in soy, and found that the condensation product of furfural and isovaleral had soy-like flavor. On the other hand we have obtained the reaction product of crotonaldehyde and methylmercaptan whose flavor is also resembling to that of soy. We can make a very good soy flavor by mixing these two compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (237K) -
Studies on the Iodometric Method as one of the Methods for Determination of Glutathione. The Comparison of the OGAWA's Method and FUJITA & NUMATA's Method.Yoshiro KUROIWA1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 482-485
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe methods for determination of glutathione (GSH) ever published were classified according to my own view as follows: Iodometric method (I), 2) Colorimetric method (II ), 3) Cadmium method, 4) Glyoxalase method, and 5) the others.
(I) had been particularly researched and revised by many investigators, but it is not, yet settled, because various known or unknown SH contg. substances besides, GSH are present in living organisms and the other substances which consume iodine or interfere SH-determination reagents may be present. Problems in (I) are summarized as follows: 1) Indicator problems (external indicator or internal ind icator), 2) Discrepancy problems between (I) and (g ), 3) Propriety problems between direct and indirect titration, 4) Problems concerning reduction of GSSG, 5) Problems concerning oxidation of GSH, and 6) Problems concerning removement of materials which consume iodine without effecting on GSH.
The finding of 4 factors for (I) made by OKUDA and OGAWA seemed to settle the problem. But, in 1938, OGAWA and FUJITA & NUMATA presented res . his and their own (I), which, since then, represented two different standpoints. It is the reason why I selected these two methods among them when I tried to reexamine the above problems in (I). I must show the purity of my GSH crystal which was used in my all examinations before I state my results. It is difficult to decide the purity of GSH, crystal by only one test, because the theoretical values of elementary analysis for its two types bear a close resemblance and also, its mp. indicates simultaneously its decomposition point in the case of peptide as GSH, therefore its mp. is everchanging according to heating conditions. I decided the purity of my crystal by testing 7 items shown in Table 1.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
Part 1. The Isolation of Rutin from Tobacco-flowersEinosuke WADA, Seigi NIÔ1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 485-486
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRutin (0.3g.) was isolated from fresh flowers of Nicotiana Tabacum L., “Bright Yellow”, (3600g., with moisture). It was identified by absorption spectrographic and paper chromatographic methods (Tables 2, 3) and mp. 185-190°. The acetate of its aglucone melted at 193°, showing no melting point depression when melted simultaneously with, quercetin pentaacetate(mp., 192-193°).View full abstractDownload PDF (186K) -
Chôten INAGAKI, Kin'ichi TAKEDA1950 Volume 24 Issue 10 Pages 486-488
Published: 1950
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stability of thiamine and riboflavin in an aq. soln. was increased under certain conditions by thiourea (0.001_??_1.0%)
The destruction of thiamine in 180 min. at 99°C was inhibited by the addn. of 10 mg/cc thiourea.
Retention of thiamine in the aq. soln. (I mg%) was 8.8%, but when tbiourea was added it was 87.5%. A very protective effect was exerted by thiourea in N/1000 CH8COOH or NaOH.
Riboflavin in a thiourea soln. was remarkably stable when exposed to the sunlight at room temp. for 30 min.
Riboflavin retention was higher in the 1% thiourea soln. (77.2%) than in ae aq. soln. (24.1%)View full abstractDownload PDF (269K)
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