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Volume 26, Issue 12
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Part 2. Protein Formation by silk GlandFusaoki KOIDE, Hiroko ITABASHI, Kensuke SHIMURA1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 607-611
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe middle silk gland of a mature silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) was cut off from the live body and freed carefully from its jellylike contents. It was connected to a glass capiliar-y and sealed with synthetic resin at the other end. After filling it with the physiological solution, the gland was incubated in the culture medium containing amino acids and other substances at 30°.
After one or two hours of incubation the content of the gland cavity was, transferred into a small test-tube. The amount of protein formed was determined by adding an equal volume of SUEYOSHI's reagent and comparing nephelometrically with a series of standard solutions which contained known amounts of egg white.
1) The reaction. of protein formation was optimum between pH 7.8_??_8.5, with a peak at pH 8.0.
2) The reaction was stimulated by addition of inorganic phosphate.
3) The effect of various substances has been studied. A marked stimulation was observed with α-keto acids (such as pyruvate, oxalacetate, α-ketoglutarate), lactate, pantothenic acid and ascorbic acid.
4) NaF and 2, 4-dinitrophenol were found to inhibit the reaction.
5) The protein formed gave a purple biuret reaction and was precipitated by mercuric chloride, trichloracetic acid, picric acid and alcohol.View full abstractDownload PDF (1731K) -
Part 3. Phosphorus Contents in Blood and Silk Glands of Silkworm in the Relation to Protein SynthesisHiroko ITABASHI, Fusaoki KOIDE, Kensuke SHIMURA1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 611-614
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The changes in total and inorganic phosphorus contents of the blood, middle and posterior silkgland during the 5th larval, stage were investigated.
2. The maximum content of total P in the blood was observed on the 5th to 6th day of the 5th instar, but there was no remarkable change for the inorganic P.
3. Similar results were obtained in the case of posterior gland.
4. From these results it may be assumed that some compound containing organic P was related to the protein synthesis in the silkgland of the 5th instar larval.View full abstractDownload PDF (395K) -
Hisao KOJIMA, Akira ENDO, Choseki FURUSAKA, Chiaki TAKAMATSU1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 614-617
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the studies on the production of the carotenoid pigment by the mould belonging to the genus Neurospora, a new, simple and rapid colorimetric apparatus was designed. The principle was as follows; a sample was compared with standard potassium bichromate a long solution in path comparator equipped with a special mixed color liquid filter. This gave about :four times exacter values than by ordinary comparator. (The extinction of E=0.007_??_0.0035 could be discriminated by this apparatus.)
This method is profitable for the cases of using easily volatile solvents, of analyzing many samples, of having no accurate colorimeter, and especially of treating the samples contaminated with other coloring substance, which makes the colorimetric comparison of the sample with standard solution very hard.
The carotenoid pigments produced by the mould were separated by the chromatography into four parts, and the ratio between carotene and others was determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (386K) -
I. Mitteil.-1. Über abnormales Gärbild, welches bei der Hauptgärung frühzeitig die Bruchbildung der Hefe verursachtShiro KUDO1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 617-622
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
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Part 6. Alcohols from Cotton Seed and Poppy Seed Oils by Sodium Reduction and Preparation of Cetyl, Oleyl and Linoleyl Alcohols by Urea ComplexesShinroku MASUYAMA1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 622-625
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Unsaturated-long chain fatty alcohols were prepared in good yield by the reduction of cotton-seed and poppy-seed oils with sodium and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Cellosolve) in toluene.
2) These alcohols were fractionated by vacuum distillation and characterized by the deter-mination of iodine and hydroxyl values.
3) An effective procedure is described for fractionating unsaturated higher fatty alcohols rich in oleyl and linoleyl alcohols by formation of urea adducts in methanol solution. Pure cetyi and linoleyl alcohols from cotton-seed alcohol and pure linoleyl alcohol from poppy-seed alcohol were isolated by this procedure.View full abstractDownload PDF (349K) -
Part 5. On the Production of 2-Ketogalactonic Acid from GalactoseToshinobu ASAI, Ko AIDA, Yasuhiro UENO1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 625-630
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESST. TAKAHASHI and T. ASAI already reported that Gluconoacetobacter liquefaciens nov. sp. produced galactonic- and comenic acid from galactose and the authors in previous report identified galactonic acid in the fermentation products of galactose by Pseudomonas species. In this experiment the formation of 2-ketogalactonic acid via galactonic acid was newly confirmed. The 2-ketogalactonic acid fermentation took place in two distinct stages; first, galactose was oxidised to galactonic acid, and second, galactonic acid was further oxidised to 2-ketogalactonic acid. These facts suggest the concerning enzyme system should be different from that of 2-ketogluconic acid formation, in which the'acid occured simultaniously with glucose utilization as had been reported by J. J. STUBBS et al. in 1940. Optimum pH range for the 2-ketogalactonic acid formation was between 4.4 to 5.2, at 6.0_??_7.0 retarded remarkably and at 8.0 almost inhibited, while the galactonic acid formation proceeded in wide pH range of 3.5 to 8.0. Pseudomonas strains whichh produced 2-keto-gluconic acid from glucose could also produce 2-ketogalactonic acid from galactose.
The identification of 2-ketogalactonic acid was conducted as K-salt, free acid crystal and methyl ester with authentic specimens of synthesized, acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (601K) -
Part 7. Transformation of β-Methylmaltoside heptaacetate into α-formYoshiyuki INOUYE, Kônoshin ONODERA, Ikuo KARASAWA, Yoshihiko NIS ...1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 631-634
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSα-Methylmaltoside heptaacetate, a new isomer of β-methylmaltoside heptaacetate, was prepared through the transformation-of the latter with the aid of antimony pentachloride, and, it was found that titanium tetrachloride and selenium tetrachloride were, on the contrary, not effective.
The α-isomer was obtained in the following way. β-methylmaltoside heptaacetate was tre-ated with antimony pentachloride in chloroform solution at 20°C for about two hours. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-water, and the chloroform layer was washed with water, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, concentrated in vacuo, and then petroleum-ether was added. A crystalline mass separated. It was dissolved in boiling absolute alcohol, and purified by diluting alcohol concentration with water, to 50% and 30% successively, and finally recrystallized from 30% alcohol.
The purified crystal has the melting point of 68° (uncorr.) and the [α]20D of 130.6° (chloro-form). It is concluded that the crystal obtained from β-methylmaltoside heptaacetate by the action of antimony pentachioride is the α-isomer.View full abstractDownload PDF (400K) -
Part 15. Paper Chromatography of Saturated Higher Fatty AcidsYoshiyuki INOUYE, Manjiro NODA1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 634-638
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeparation of longer-chain fatty acids has been attempted by reversal of the phases of paper chromatography. This was accomplished by the use of filter paper impregnated with petroleum hydrocarbon (b. p., 140_??_170°), which successfully separated the higher members of the saturated fatty acids by pairing with polar mobile phase. The most suitable solvent systems were methanol-petroleum hydrocarbon or methanol-acetone (3:1)-petroleum hydrocarbon. As the spray reagent the 0.2% solutiorrof bromocresol green in alcohbl (adjusted to blue with potassium hydroxide) was used. RF values for thirteen saturated fatty acids from butyric to behenic were determined and their variations affected by various conditions were also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (537K) -
Part 3. The Growth Curves of the Bacteria in Stationary CulturesAkira MATSUYAMA1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 638-642
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(1) Errors that are due to the variations between the multiplicate cultures of bacteria under the same condition distribute in the Gaussian type (Fig. 1), and their standard deviations have the trend which is shown in Fig. 2 as well as that of the errors in the mean growth of the multiplicate cultures. (2) The bacterial growth curve in the stationary phase by means of the stationary culture is seriously influenced by the ratio S/B (S: the surface area of the medium contacting with air, B: the volume of the medium). (3) Using these results, the errors of the microbiological assay by turbidimetry have been discussed. (4) The bacterial growth curves under the various conditions of the stationary culture, were examined by means of difference diagrams, in order to find whether or not they would well fit to the logistic curve y=L/[1+e-r(t-a)], and the best fitted growth to the logistic curve including the lag phase was obtained in the most suitable medium for the bacterial growth.View full abstractDownload PDF (551K) -
Yukihiko NAKAMURA, Isami TSUJINO1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 642-645
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn the acidic constituents of porpoise head oil (Phocaenoides dalli TRUE) we found the following facts:
1. Porpoise head oil contains 29.1% of volatile fatty acids, which mainly consist of isovaleric and small amount of isolutyric, capric, palmitic and trace of caprylic acid.
2. Nonvolatile saturated fatty acids are palmitic, lauric, myristic and stearic acid. Nonvolatile unsaturated acids are zoomaric, oleic and tetradecenoic acid. And also highly unsaturated acids are present in the higher boiling fraction.View full abstractDownload PDF (382K) -
Part 2. The Mutation of Asp. oryzae sp. A-33 by Irradiation of Ultra-violet RayChûjiro SHIMODA, Shirô SHIMADA, Osamu SUGITA1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 645-647
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to obtain artificially variated strains that produce Oryzacidin more than the original strain of Asp. oryzae sp. A-33, we irradiated ultra-violet ray to the conidia of A-33. Twenty mutants were obtained and we classificated them in following 5 types: 1. Restricted, 2. Extremely restricted, 3. Light yellow, 4. Yellow, 5. Nitrate nonassimilative. But, we could not obtain the strain which has higher potency than the original strain.View full abstractDownload PDF (1149K) -
Part 3. Chemical Changes of Media in Tank FermentationChûjiro SHIMODA, Yoshinobu NISHIWAKI1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 648-650
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe produced Oryzacidin by tank fermentation of the strain Asp. oryzae sp. A-33, and pursued the relation between Oryzacidin production and chemical changes of the media. The results are as follows.
In the fermentation, pH of the media decreases with the consumption of sugar and N-substances by the organism, in the media, then increases sharply when sugar is almost lost and only N-substances are digested. At the time just before pH reaches to 7.0, the produc-tion of Oryzacidin become maximum. The production of Oryzacidin by tank fèrmentation is about double as compared with surface culture.View full abstractDownload PDF (301K) -
Part 2. Influence of Negative Charge Chrome Complex on the Chrome Tanning. (2)Akira KAWAMURA, Keizo WADA, Akitoshi YAMAGUCHI1952 Volume 26 Issue 12 Pages 650-654
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs cationic chrome [Cr(H2O)_??_]2 (S04)3, and as anionic chrome K[Cr(C204)2(H2O)2], K3[Cr (C204)3] were synthesized and used in the following experimeuts; i.e. after making hide powders work upon the solutions of each and the mixture of both, at pH 2.0, 4.0, 4.7, quautitative determinations of chrome, fixed to the hides, were doue. In addition, chrome-ch-rowate solutious corresponding to the formula Cr[Cr(C2O4)3], [Cr(C2O4)] [Cr(C2O4)2] were prepared, the same experimeuts were carried out and the relation of quantities to the sorts of ionic charge of combined chrome were discussed vdlency.
The quantities of anionic chromes, fixed to hides with the progress of time were different from those of cationic; i.e. they were fixed to hide within short time and no increase of chrome was seen with the progress, of time but the cationic chromes were fixed to them- gradually with the progress of time.
The quantities of Cr2O3 to the hide at pH 4.0, when the mixed solutions of chrome were used, were more larger than in the case of solution, when only one chrome wrs used. This phenomeno seems to have been caused by the fact that the solution contained [Cr(C2O4)]+ ion produced.
The chrome complexs were fixed to the collagen at at different pH stages according to the sorts of charge and magnitude of valency. At lower pH value, the anionic chromes were fixed to hides withe almort the same quantities regardless of complex's valency, but at hig-her pH value those chrmoes which have higher valecies were decreased in quantity and that which have lower valencies were increased in quantity.
On the other hand, the quantities of cationic chromes were fixed to them to a very small degree at lower pH value, but they acceleratively increased in quantity at higher. This tendency was remarkable to the chrome which have high complex's.View full abstractDownload PDF (477K)
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