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Volume 26, Issue 2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Part 1. Unsaturated Halogenated Ketones. (1)N. ITO, K. MORI, M. WATANABE1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 61-64
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antibiotic activities of 2, 4, 4, 6, 6-pentachlorocyclohexene (1) dione (3, 5) (PeM) and seven of its related compounds were tested, and the antibiotically active radicals in the constitutions of these compounds were traced. PeM had a strong antibiotic activity against the following microörganisms: Asp ergillus glaucus at dil. 1:300, 000, Penicillium roqueforti at dil. 1:300, 000, Mycoderma sp. at dil. 1:100, 000, Saccharomyces cerevisiae at dil. 1:100, 000, Escherichia coli at dil. 1 100, 000, and Bacillus subtilis at dil. 1:100, 000 in vitro.
From the results obtained, it may be said that not only chlorine atoms but also carbonyl groups of PeM were responsible for antibiotic activities.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Tetsujiro OBARA, Mitsuo KITAMURA1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 64-68
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have studied on the fatty oil of sawafutagi (Symplocos cratalgoides) and obtained the following results;
1. The sawafutagi seeds contain about 27% oil, which is a semi-drying oil approaching to the nondrying oil group (iodine value 104) with 1.4% unsaponifiable matter.
2. The mixed fatty acids consist of about l2.8% solid acids and about 84.0% liquid acids.
3. The solid fatty acids consist of about 85% palmitic and a small quantity of an acid which is supposed to be stearic.
4. Liquid fatty acids consist of about 65% oleic, about 22% linoleic and a small quantity of an acid which is supposed to be linolenic.
In short, the sawafutagi oil consists of glycerides containing chiefly oleic acid, and some linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids with a small quantity of linolenic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (469K) -
Hiroshi IIZUKA1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 68-71
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The author isolated Aspergillus mangini (MANGIN) from damaged marrons gla_??_es.
2. The colonies upon the CZAPEK's solution agar (3% sucrose) were very restricted, attaining a diameter of only 3mm in 12 days at 25°C. For its growth the optimum concentration of sucrese in the media was 60%, and the optimum temperature was 25°C.
3. This mold produced a yellow-green fluorescent substance in the media, but this is not ribo flavin.
4. Crystals of auroglaucin (M. P. 152°) were isolated from the mycelial mat of this mold.
5. This mold can not grow in the presence of saturated vapour of alcohol at 20_??_30°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
Part 1. Ultraviolet Ray Induced MutationHiroshi IIZUKA, Tatsurô YAMAGUCHI1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 71-74
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. By the irradiation of ultraviolet ray at 5cm distance from a mercury lamp (λ=2537 Å) for 0.5_??_3.0 minutes, 81 mutants of Aspergillus Usamii SAKAGUCHI, IIZUKA and YAMAZAKI(1) were obtained. The survival and mutation rate curves are shown in Fig. 1 and 2. These mutants can be classified into 13 types: i.e. the blackish-brown type, the brown type, the tan type, the pigmentless type, the orange mycelium type, the purple drab type, the small heads type, the restricted type, the wet type, the sterile type, the sterile and white mycelium type, the nitrite And nitrate non-assimilative type, and the nitrite non assimilative type.
2. The colours in conidial heads of these mutants are continuously different; Chaetura Black XV (original strain)→Saccardo's Umber XXIX (strain's No. B-6-604)→Tawny Olive XXIX (strain's No. B-1-207)→Pinkish Buff XXIX or Light Pinkish Cinnamon XXIX (strain's No. B-1-407).
All of them have the same morphological characters except the conidial colour as Asp. Usamii.
3. And we obtained by ultraviolet ray irradiation the mutants of tan type mutant (strain's No. B-1-407). The types of them are as follows: the pigmentless type, the small heads type, the restricted type, the wet type, the sterile type, the sterile and white mycelium type and the nitrite and nitrate non-assimilative type. But every one of them has the same colour in conidial heads as the tan type mutant.View full abstractDownload PDF (389K) -
Seigi NIÔ, Toshirô SASAKI1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 75-78
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBacillus natto and Micrococcus ureae gave higher yields of acetoin from the glucose-peptone medium than the other 8 species of bacteria. Addition of phosphates to the cultivation media caused a remarkable increase in acetoin production. The media with phosphates gave acetoin yields twice as high as that without phosphates by Micrococcus ureae.
The Optimum concentration of ammonium phosphate [(NH4)2H•PO4] added to be was 0.1% and the highest yield of acetoio in this experiment was 1323mg per 100 cc of the medium or 26.5% of consumed glucose.View full abstractDownload PDF (356K) -
Studies on the Nutritive Value of Silkworm Pupa. Part 9Tatsuo KOYANAGI, Michio MATSUOKA, Kampachiro KUDO, Fumio SUGIMOTO1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 78-80
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe choline content, of feedstuffs used in Japan for chick and hen is determined (Table 1). Silkworm pupa and pupa solubles are good sources of choline; the latter is produced from pupa as a byproduct of oil pressing.View full abstractDownload PDF (282K) -
Part 15. Investigations on Q-enzyme (continued)Y. INOUYE, K. ONODERA, H. KISAKI1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 80-84
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations on Q-enzyme of potato juice have been continued and the results of the experiments are as follows:
1. It is probable that the Q-enzyme fraction prepared from potato juice treated with an absorbing agent followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation contains amylase.
2. It was shown that the Q-enzyme fraction exerted the autocatalytic action in starch synthesis.
3. The autocatalytic function of Q-enzyme disappears when an activator is added in the reaction mixture of starch synthesis.
3. It was observed that starch synthesized by the action of Q-enzyme (fraction Q2), associated with P-enzyme, was similar to amylopectin.View full abstractDownload PDF (393K) -
Part 2. Cytological Studies on the Natural Variation of Koji-moldsKin'ichiro SAKAGUCHI, Chiyoko ISHITANI1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 85-90
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The constant strains of the Koji molds, S- or F-types, form conidia with comparatively uniform sizes; i, e. S=3_??_5μ and F=4_??_6μ. The inconstant strains, on the contrary, produce conidia rich in variety of sizes, including those with unordinarily large diameters (3_??_10μ or more).
2. The conidia of the constant strains have been found to contain 1_??_4 nuclei, the majority containing two nuclei. The conidia of the inconstant strains, however, are exceedingly multinucleate (8_??_20 or more) and large in diameters as shown in the Plate.
3. In the constant strains, one nucleus moves into conidium from apex of the sterigmata at the beginning of the conidium formation, and divides at once into 2_??_4 through probable mitotic divisions. While in the inconstant or variable strains, more than 2 conidia migrate from sterigmata into newly formed conidium. Those conidia become multinucleate (8_??_20 or more) promptly through repeated divisions of nuclei.
4. As to the migration of ndclei from vesicle, which is conspicuously multinucleate, into sterigmata, the authors have recognized that in the constant strains always only one nucleus migrates into sterigmata while in the inconstant strains at least 2_??_4 simultaneously, the sterigmata becoming much more long and broad consequently.
5. From the facts above shown it might be assumed that the variability of the inconstant strains of the Koji molds chiefly depends upon the multinucleate property of the conidia.View full abstractDownload PDF (1173K) -
Part 3. Production of Reductone-like Substance and Its Antibiotic ActivityYonosuke IKEDA1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 90-95
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen fructose was fermented by G. roseus, an unhnown substance, which gave purple colour with ferric chloride, was produced beside kojic acid and dihydroxyacetone (glycerinaldehyde).
This was purified by lead acetate precipitation and ethyl acetate extraction, and compared with synthetic oxymethylglyoxal, reductone (enol form of oxymethylglyoxal), and oxypyruvic acid.
Then the author concluded this was most likely to be EULER's reductone and discussed the relationship with the production of kojic acid and glycolic acid by the same bacteria.View full abstractDownload PDF (578K) -
Part 8. Hydrolysis of Urine-indican by MicroörganismsTokuya HARADA1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 95-98
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs reported previously, lignin paper turned to deep red, when incubated in the urine culture-medium containing the L. R. bacterium. The mechanism of this lignin coloration is due to the formation of a complex with indoxyl, which is produced by the hydrolysis of urine-indican by the bacterium.
In the present paper, many strains of microörganisms were used in this color-reaction instead of the L. R. bacterium. Among the microorganisms tested, all of fungus species (8 species), a major part of Aerobacter aerogenes, and a few of undetermined nonspore-forming bacteria hydrolysed urine-indican, but few strains of Escherichia could hydrolyse it. The L. R. bacterium was the sole species among the lactic acid bacteria, which could produce indoxyl.View full abstractDownload PDF (369K) -
Part 1. On the Organic Acids Metabolism in Bact. succinicumHajime TAKAHASHI, Masayasu NOMURA1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 99-104
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The oxidation of acetate by pantothenic acid (PaA)-deficient Bact. succinicum was markedly increased by PaA-assimilation, while the effect of PaA assimilation on the anaerobic citrate decomposition was not recognized. Therefore, the decomposition of citrate seems too be catalyzed by another enzyme different from OCHOA's “condensing enzyme”
2. Malonate (1/200M) inhibited greatly the oxidation of acetate and pyruvate but not of succinate by washed cell suspension. This inhibition was overcome by the addition of small amounts of fumarate. Furtheremore, the succinate oxidation of the cell-free preparation was completely inhibited by malonate. Therefore, the observed inhibition for acetate and pyruvate oxidation isdue to inhibition for succinodehydrogenase.
3. The presence of tricarboxylic acid cycle was ascertained not only from the inhibition experiments with streptomycin, 2, 4-dinitrophenol, monofluoroacetate, arsenite and malonate, but also from the PaA-effect and the complete oxidation of acetate.
4. The inhibition experiment with α, α'-bipyridyl and the metabolic behavior of PaA-deficient cells showed that anaerobic decomposition of citrate involved the different process from that in aerobic condition.
5. Dried preparation of cells was found to contain the enzyme which catalyzes the anaerobic decomposition of citrate.View full abstractDownload PDF (560K) -
Part 1. Electron Microscopic ObservationShukuo KINOSHITA, Shirô ITAGAKI, Takuji OKUMURA, Masanaka TERADA ...1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 104-107
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree kinds of bacteriophages for Cl. acetobutylicum (Table 1), which were encountered during acetonebutanol fermentation industry, were found to be of different entites by the studies with an electron microscope (Table 3).
An abnormal form of Cl. acetobutylicum KH-30 attacked by phage-c was also demonstrated by the electron microscopic picture.View full abstractDownload PDF (1848K) -
Einosuke WADA1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 108-109
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA quercitin glycoside was isolated from the leaves (440g.) of Prunus tomentosa THUNB. in a yield of 2.0g on the fresh weight basis. This was proved to be the quercitrin, namely the querctin-3-rham-noside.View full abstractDownload PDF (182K) -
Studies on the Nutritive Value of Silkworm Pupa. Part 10Tatsuo KOYANAGI, Shigeki KOBAYASHI1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 109-112
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(1) By the molecular distillation (at the pressure of 10-3_??_10-4mm Hg) of pupa oil the free acids can be distilled and the peculiar smell may be eliminated without noticeable decomposition of the residual oil.
(2) Decoloration of the extracted pupa oil, which is very d'fficult with the ordinary method, becomes easier after molecular distillation. The cause seems to be thermal decomposition of the melanin pigment.
(3) Drying of wet pupa in vaccum will prevent the coloration of extracted oil of dried pupa.View full abstractDownload PDF (366K) -
Y. OBATA, S. FUKUSHI1952 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 113-115
Published: 1952
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present report deals with two kinds of sesquiterpene and their dehydrogenation products. The results of our investigation can be summarized as follows:
(1) Japanese thuja tree oil (Thujopsis dolabrata S. et Z.) gives, on the fractional destillation, a sesquiterpene (bp. 114°/5mm.; [n]16D1.5124; d1640.9372) at the rate of 13% of the oil in weight.
(2) When this sesquiterpene is dehydrogenated with powdered S, a small amount of cadalene is obtained. Cadalene picrate is yellow orange; mp. 114_??_115°C.
(3) Blue camphor oil gives, on fractional destillation, a sesquiterpene fraction (bp. 128°/10mm.; [n]10D1.5087) at the rate of 14% or the oil in weight, and from this fraction a considerable amount of azulene is formed on dehydrogenation.
This azulene is almost identical in its ultraviolet spectrum with PLATTNERS, S-guaiazulene. The picrate of our azulene is dark brown, mp. 121_??_122°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (213K)
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