日本農芸化学会誌
Online ISSN : 1883-6844
Print ISSN : 0002-1407
ISSN-L : 0002-1407
28 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1~15を表示しています
  • (第11報) Biochemical mutant (Single-less Strains) によるHeterocaryosisの檢討
    石谷 千代子, 坂口 謹一郎
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 939-945
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. Asp. sojaeのbiochemical mutant (Vitamin要求4株, Amino-acid要求11株及びbase要求1株)中, lysineless (4株), histidineless (2株) leucineless (2株)は,比較的stableであつたが,他の菌株はreverse mutation又はsegregational mutationをなすものがあつた.
    2. 上記3種のamino acid deficient mutant 8株を用いて, heterocaryosisの検討を行つた.
    (i) 8株の(lys-+leu-), (lys-+his-)及び(his-+leu-)のあらゆる組合せにおいて, (3FSR his-+14S leu-, 3FSR his-+17S leu-を除く)prototrophic heterocaryonを生じた.
    (ii) allelism-testsを行つたが, leu_??_ineless及びhistidinelessの各2菌株はallelicであつたが, lysnelessのmutant間では, allelicのもの(6St lys-と1St lys-)とnon-allelicのもの(6St lys-, 2St lys-, 2Slys-)とがあつた.
    3. Prototrophic heterocaryan ratioは, anastomosisを起しやすい培地(天然培地-麹汁及び麦芽汁-では比較的低濃度)の方が高かつた.
    4. Heterocaryonの4代にわたる, pedigree-cultureの結果, segregationのratioは,ほぼ一定していた.
    5. Heterocaryon stabilityに対する培地の影響の検討の結果は天然培地及び合成培地(Minimal medium)何れも低濃度に於て安定で,この2つの培地のうちでは, Minimal培地に於て特に安定であつた.
    6. heterocaryonのplenotypeはconidiaの量, colonyの色, growth-rate等の形質について,両親の中間又は何れかの親に近い状態を示すか, heterocaryotic vigorを示す場合があつた.
  • 薄荷の研究第2報
    上田 博夫, 三井 哲夫
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 945-950
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    An attempt has been made to determine the infra-red absorption character of menthol-isomers.
    Three isomers, i.e. d-isomenthol, d-isomenthol and d-neoisomenthol were synthesized in pure state from natural l-menthol, and their infra-red absorption spectrum were studies.
    (1) l-Menthol was purified from commercial l-menthol by recrystallzation.
    (2) d-Neomenthol was preparated by READ's method. (Table 1)
    (3) d-Isomenthol was synthesized from l-menthone and d-isomenthone mixture inverted from l-menthone. (Table 2)
    (4) d-Neoisomenthol was obtained from the mixture of four menthol-isomers by means of the difference of esterification velocity. (Table 3)
    Their infra-red absorption spectra gave the singular absorption curves (Fig. 2.)
    Following key bands were found applicable to analyse the isomers of menthol, 10.88 μ for l-menthol, 12.26μ and 14.70μ for d-isomenthol, 13.02μ for d--isomenthol, and 12.58μ and 14.45μ for d-neoisomenthol.
  • (第15報) Glucose及びXyloseに酵素を作用させた際の生成物
    倉沢 文夫, 斎藤 昭三
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 951-954
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The product of the oxidation of glucose and xylose by sugradehydrase was examined. When glucose and xyolose were treated with sugardehydrase, reducing compounds were recreated from glucose and xylose. In the case of boiled sugardehydrase, a decrease of reducing power of glucose and xylose was found. In the case of gluconic acid by sugardehydrase, a reducing compound was recreated. The reducing compounds from glurose by sugardehydrase had RF=0.207, 0.285 by paper chromatography of sugar. The compound from glucose treated with boilde sugardehydrase had RF=0.285 by paper chromatography of sugar.
  • (第1報)微アルカリ性溶液に於けるMethylene blueによる糖類の酸化
    倉沢 文夫, 伊賀上 郁夫
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 954-958
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    糖類が燐酸又は重曹を含む微アルカリ性溶液(pH 7.8)中に於てanaerobicにmethylene blueによつて酸化される際の生成物を検索するために本実験を行つた.糖類としてはglucose, fructose, mannose, galactose,xylose, arabinose, galacturonic acid,及びgluconic acidを用いた.生成物の検索のため,使用した糖類の還元力の変化,比旋光度の変化, polarograghyによる還元波の変化及び反応生成物をpaper chromatogramによつて糖類を検索した.
    1) 還元力の変化についてはfructoseの減少度が最も大であり,初量の23%近くが変化し, glucose, xylose, galacturonic acidはこれに次ぎ減少度はほぼ同一であり約15%前後の変化をなす. Gluconic acidは変化は見られなかつた.
    2) Polarographyにて還元波を良く示すfructoseについて還元波の変化をみたのに還元力の減少とほぼ同様な結果を得た.
    3) 各種糖類について反応24時間後に旋光度の変化を見たのにfructoseのみは(+)側に,他の糖類は(-)側に変化し,各種糖類はそれぞれ変化をうけていることが認められた.
    4) 反応24時間後の生成物については特に糖の呈色指示薬を用いてpaper chromatographyを行つた. Glucose, mannoseからはfructoseに一部変化しており, glucose, galactose, arabinoseからは同一のRFを有する還元性の1種のaldose様物質の生成が認められた.
  • (其の3)あおみどろのタンニン含量に就て
    中林 敏郎
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 958-961
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The tannin content of naturally living Spyrogyra arcta has been estimated. The method is as follows: Freshly prepared sample is extracted with 70% acetone by using the SOXHLET's apparat (Table 2). After the removing of acetone on boilling water bath, the residue is filled up to 100cc with water and tannin content is estimated by the method of the colloidal titration method. After 5cc of N/200 N=methyl polyglycol glucosamine and 5cc of 1N NH4OH are added to 10cc of tannin solution, this mixed solution is titrated with N/400 potassium polyvinyl alcohol sulfonate (Fig. 1, Table 1 and 3).
    The relationship pf the tannin content of Spyrogyra arcta to several conditions is shown in Table 4 and Fig. 2. The tannin content is about 3.5_??_5%.
  • 第2報
    小幡 彌太郎, 石川 芳典
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 961-963
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The inhibition of the potato phosphorylase in the presence of sugar beet juice was reported previously. In this paper, it is clearified that the inhibiting activity of the beet juice is rema rkable in Augst and diminisbes gradually. The activity is stable after boiling the juice for 5 minutes. Concentration and fractionation of the inhibiter is increased by means of alcohol precipitation. The inhibiting material is gained after perfect saturation with ammonium sulfate of the half saturated juice followed by dialization in distilled water through cellophane membrane in ice room.
  • (其の1)馬脂とTBAとの反応(馬肉の一新検出法)
    藤巻 正生, 小田切 敏
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 963-967
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    (1) TBA (2-Thiobarbituric acid) test for the determination of the oxidation of milk fat was applied to horse fat. Then it was found that horse fat showed stronger color reaction than beef tallow or lard.
    (2) TBA test was carried out on the fat extracted from horse meat which was mixed with beef to 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%, and steamed at 100° for 1 hour. Colors produced with TBA by horse fat were lineal against to horse fat %.
    (3) Linolenic acid showed the highest value in TBA test among C18-fatty acids which seemed to concern with color development in horse meat.
    (4) Absorption spectrum (400_??_600mμ) of horse fat was the same form as that of C18-uns-aturated fatty acid, and the maximum absorption was found at 535mμ.
    (5) TBA and peroxide values of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid were detrmined daily duri ng autoxidation. TBA value increased with peroxide value in linolenic acid, but it remained about same in spite of the increase of peroxide value in oleic acid and linoleic acid.
    (6) It was confirmed that compounds producing the color in TBA reaction with horse fat are linolenic acid and its oxidation products.
    (7) This test seems to be applicable the detection of horse meat in beef products.
  • (其の2)乳製品の脂肪酸化とTBA反応
    稲垣 長典, 多羅尾 圭子, 藤巻 正生
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 967-971
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    (1) After a procedure for application of Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test to milk fat was examined (Fig. 1, 2 and 3), TBA values of several kinds of milk products were measured (Table 1).
    (2) Sweetened milk products which showed high TBA value were found to have been influenced by added sucrose content (Table 2 and Fig. 4).
    (3) The influences of the methods of storage of modified powdered milk enriched with vitamin A on oxidation of milk fat and retention of vitamin A were studied. It was found that aeration (oxygen) had more influence on oxidation of fat in powdered milk than temperature.
    On the contrary, the former was less influence on retention of vitamin A than the latter (Fig. 5).
  • (第2報) Aspergillus usamii mut. shirousamiiについて
    飯塚 広, 山口 辰良
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 972-976
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    In previous paper* we had reported ultraviolet irradiation and its mutants of Aspergillus usamii SAKAGUCHI et al. (one of the black Aspergilli), in which we had found consecutively decoloring conidial heads type -Blackish Brown Type, Brown Type, Brown Type and Tan Type -comparing with original black type. The authors studied these mutants morphologically and physiologically and named Tan Type mutants Aspergilluus usamii mut. shirousamii, (prefix shiro means white). Description of this mutant was shown in the text (see page 972).
    We obtained additionally by ultraviolet ray irradiation the Albino Type mutant of Asp. usamii mut. shirouomii.
    When mutant strains, or mutant and parent strain of Asp. usamii are grown in juxtaposition, heterocaryotic conidial heads develop along the interface between the two colony areas. (Fig. 1). In the combination of Tan Type mutant and Brown Type mutant, black heterocaryotic heads de_??_elop.
    On Asp. usamii mut. shirousamii we found:
    (1) Amylolytic and acid-producing powers of the mutant was almost the same as those of parent strain as shown in the Tables.
    (2) The mutant was found to be a powerful saccharifying agent for alcoholic fermentation.
  • (第9報) Glutathioneの定量法中沃度法.藤田沼田定量法に於けるAscorbic acid oxidaseのGlutathioneに対する挙動に就て
    黒岩 芳郎
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 976-979
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    (1) 藤田・沼田法に於けるascorbic acid oxidaseのglutathionsに対する挙動を検討した.
    (2) 藤田・沼田法に於てascorbic acid oxidaseを作用せしめる規定条件を検するに各条件はglutathioneに対して多少なりとも破壊を招くもので,その綜合影響を検するに,酸素通気量を毎分5~10ccに限定するならば約2.2~4.1%の破壊を生ずる結果となる事を知つた.従つてglutathioneの破壊を最小限にする為には酵素を作用せしめる各操作に細心の注意を必要とする.
    (3) Glutathione及びascorbic acid共存溶液に対するascorbic acid oxidaseの影響をみるにglutathioneはascorbic acidと共存する事によつてglutathione単独にてoxidaseに接する場合よりは更にその破壊率を高める結果となつた.此の成績は藤田・沼田及びHOPKINS and MORGANの成績と異りKERTESZの成績と一致するもので,藤田・沼田の見解と異る事は重要な事象である.
    (4) 試料中のascorbic acidを充分酸化し得るascorbic acid oxidase量を用いて尚これを酸化し得ない現象即ちant_??_-oxidase actionを有する試料として柿葉及び桑葉を見出した.かかる試料の場合は思わざる誤謬を犯す結果となる事は当然であつて注意を要する.
  • (第3報)グルコキシランに就て(其の2)
    水野 卓, 林 金雄
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 980-984
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    1. A kind of glucoxylan that consists of one part of glucose and thirty five to thirty six parts of xylan was isolated from the cold 5% NaOH extract of the pith of Kerria japonica DC.
    2. From the hydrolysates of imperfect hydrolysis of this glucoxylan by 1% H2SO4, xylotriose, xylobiose and xylose were isolated in the crystal form.
  • (第1報)蛋白質含量とXanthine Oxidase Activity
    村松 敬一郎, 矢野 俊子, 芦田 淳
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 984-988
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Relation between the amounts of dietary protein and enzyme activity was examined by using arbino rats. Casein fed as the source of proiein at levels of 0, 15, 30, 40, 60 and 80 per cent in the diet for eighteen days. Liver xanthine oxidase which is considered to be relate with the metabolism of nuclepprotein was chosen for the enzyme of this experiment.
    The enzyme activity was measured by a modification of manometric method of AXELROD-ELVEHJEM and colorimetric `method of LITWACK et al. A corelation has been found between these methods.
    The results showed that the enzyme respons was very sensitive to changes in the content of protein in diets and depleted to “zero” levels at the protein free ration (Table 2).
    From the values of enzyme activity which was plotted aganist the level of dietary protein (casein) fed, we found that xanthine oxidase activity was increased according to the amount of protein, but no change took place in greater amount than about 30 per cent protein in diet (Fig. 2).
    The authors suggested that feeding of dietary protein which maintained the stationary level of xanthine oxidase activity was required.
  • (第1報) Aspergillus versicolorの培養並びに代謝生産物の分離精製
    初田 勇一, 久山 眞平
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 989-992
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Aspergillus versicolor was cultivated on 5% malt extract solution containing glucose and peptone for 20_??_25 days at 24°. Two new crystallized pigments were isolated from the mycelia, and they were named ‘sterigmatocystin’ and ‘versicolorin’
    By extracting the mycelia by acetone and condensing the acetone, sterigmatocystin could be crystallized. And by purifying the residue by chromatography, versicolorin could be obtained. Sterigmatocystin was pale yellow needle, m.p. 244_??_5°; versicolorin was orange yellow needle, m.p. 282°. And large quantity of d-mannitol was obtained by extracting the mycelia by alcohol.
  • (第2報) Sterigmato cystinの理化学的性質及び化学構造(その1)
    初田 勇一, 久山 眞平, 寺島 典二
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 992-997
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
  • (第2報) Sterigmatocystinの理化学的性質及び化学構造(その2)
    初田 勇一, 久山 眞平, 寺島 典二
    1954 年 28 巻 12 号 p. 998-1001
    発行日: 1954年
    公開日: 2008/11/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    Sterigmatocystin was pale yellow needle, m.p. 244_??_5°. It was soluble in acetone, benzene, ethyl acetate and chloroform, sparingly soluble in alcohol, methanol and ether, insoluble in petroleum ether and water. It gave a dark blue violet color with FeCl3. Its molecular formula, C15H12O5, was proposed from the results of elementary analysis and molecular weight determination. It had one hydroxyl, one methoxyl, and one methylene dioxyl group.
    On decomposition with concentrated hydroiodic acid, or AlCl3, it gave 1, 3, 8-trihydroxyxanthone. And when the substance obtained from sterigmatocystin by oxidation using KMnO4 was heated at 220_??_300°, it gave 1-methoxy-3, 8-dihydroxyxanthone.
    In an infra-red absorption spectrum of sterigmatocystin, such absorption of carbonyl group as could be seen in xanthone was not observed. And it was comparatively stable in alkaline, but unstable in mineral acid. Thus methylene dioxyl group was considered to be at 8 and 9 positions, or peri-position in xanthone nuleus.
    Summarizing the facts above mentioned, the authors advanced the following structure for sterigmatocystin.
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