巻号一覧
29 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の22件中1～22を表示しています
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前川 一之, 田代 豊雄1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 1-4
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーIn this experiment pepsin was oxidized by natrium metaperiodate under the various experimental conditions, and the following results were obtained through the investigating the process of oxidation and the changes of enzymatic activity and of ultraviolet absorption.
1) The enzymatic activity decreases as the reaction of oxidation advances.
2) About 30 moles of periodate react with 1 mole of pepsin.
3) In parallel with the decreasing of enzymatic activity during oxidation, extinction cofficient at 277mμ lowers.
This lowering of the optical density is chiefly caused by decomposition, and it is concluded that tryptophan also seems to play an important rAle, to peptic activity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1737K) -
(第1報)カツオ幽門垂の核酸並に核蛋白について守康 則1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 5-8
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーカツオ幽門垂に就て, Feulgen染色, OGUR法による紫外部吸光度, SCHMIDT-THAUNHAUSER法による燐酸の定量より核酸を定量の結果, DNAと共にRNAが存在することを知り,而して両者の著しき量的差異は認められない, POLLISTER and MIRSKY法によりDNAを単離, SAVAGE法のCHCl3の蛋白質に対する特異的gel形成の性質を利用して除蛋白,精製を行い,該核酸の酸加水分解物として, thymine, cytosineの結晶を塩基成分として単離,更らにpaper chromatographyによつて, purine塩基としてadenine, guanine, xanthine, hypoxanthineを検出した.核蛋白に就て,二次元paper chromatographyを行つた結果そのアミノ酸組成とLて, glyclne, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, threonine, arginine, histidine, proline, phenylalanine, leucine, tyrosineを検出した.これらの結果幽門垂核蛋白はnucleoprotamine., nucleohistoneの如き塩基性蛋白とは異なる構成アミノ酸をもつことが知られる.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (381K) -
(第2報)豚膵臓に於けるRibonucleaseについて守康 則1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 8-10
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー豚膵臓のalkali性ribonucleaseをKUNITZの方法により, (NH4)2SO4にて分別精製を行い,その諸性質を検討の結果,牛膵臓の結晶性ribonucleaseと類似の耐熱性,耐酸性をもうことが知られ,その最適温度60°,最適pHは7.8～8.0を示し,活性度はMgionにより著しく賦活される.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (279K) -
(第3報) Versicolorinの理化学的性質及び化学構造初田 勇一, 久山 眞平, 寺島 典二1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 11-14
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーVersicolorin was yellow orange color needle, m. p. 282°, soluble in acetone, ethyl acetate, alcohol, and ether, sparingly soluble in-benzene, but insoluble in petroleum ether, and water. It gave orange coloryvith FeCl3.
It was dissolved into purple color in aqueous NaOH solution, and when heated with zinc dust, its color faded. When shaken in the air, it regained the original color.
The molecular formula C15H10O6 was proposed from the results of elementary analysis and molecular weight determination. Considering the fact that ultraviolet absorption spectrum of versicolorin was similar to that of aloaemodin and flungulaemodin, it was supposed to be anthraquinone having similar structures to them.
Versicolorin gavea tetraacetyl derivative by acetylation, and a trimethyl derivative by methylation. Therfore, one of the four hyroxyl radicals was assumed to be a form of hyroxymethyl. And as its alcoholic solution gave orange color when it was added with magnesium acetate, it was observed to contain hyroxyl at m-position. Besides in anthraquinones found as metabolic products of fungi, and of settled structures, . two hydroxyl or methoxyl were all observed to be at 1 and 8 positions, and methyl, hydroxymethyl, and carboxyl were all at β-position. Therefore versicolorin was assumed to contain hydroxyls at 1, 3, and 8 positions, and hydroxy methyl at β-position.
Of anthraquinone containing hydroxyls at 1, 3, and 8 positions, and hydroxymethyl at 6 position, ω-hydroxyemodin and citreorosein have been known so far but in many respects versicolorin did not agree with them.
Summarizing the above mentioned results, therefore, the authors proposed the following structure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (353K) -
(第4報) Versicolorin及び種種のHydroxyxanthoneの抗菌性初田 勇一, 久山 眞平1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 14-20
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーIt was observed that versicolorin and norsteriigmatocystion had strong antibiotic properties against Mycobacterium phlei, Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. homnis H. 37. Rv.
The experimental results by dilution method showed that versicolorin and norsterigmatocystin of 100, 000 dilutions had antibiotic activity against M. phlei and M. avium, and versicolorin of 50, 000 dilutions and norsterigmatocystin of 80, 000 dilutions had antibiotic activity against M. tuberculosis var. homnis H. 37. Rv.
The results of experiments on mice showed that toxicity of these substances had L. D50_??_20mg.
Besides, the following nine xanthones which had similar structure to that of norsterigmatocystin were synthesized:
1-hydroxyxanthone, 1, 3, 6-trihydroxyxanthone,
1, 3, 7-trihydroxyxanthone, 1, 3, 8-trihydroxyxanthone,
1, 3, 5, 6-tetrahydroxyxanthone, 1, 3, 5, 7-tetrahydroxyxanthone,
1, 3, 5, 8-tetrahydroxyxanthone, 1, a, 6, 7-tetrahydroxyxanthone,
1, 3, 6, 8-tetrahydroxyxanthone.
Of the above-mentioned, 1, 3, 6-trihydroxyxanthone and 1, 3, 8-trihydroxyxanthone were synthesized for the first time by the authors. These substances of 40, 000_??_80, 000 dilutions had antibiotic activity against M. tuberculosis var. homnis H. 37. Rv.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (539K) -
(第2報)テレビン油のラマンスペクトルによる分析片岡 眞一, 中野 操子1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 21-25
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1. 従来行われなかつたテレビン油のピネン分の分析をラマンスペクトルによつて行うため,先ずテレビン油所含成分を精溜,ラマンスペクトル及び化学的方法によつて明らかにし,また特定のラマン線2本をえらびその強度からα-及びβ-pineneを半定量的に測定した.
2. テレビン油を90%溜出させた高沸点部を精溜して20溜分に分別し,これからα-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, phellandrene, dipentene, borneol, bornyl acetate, longifolene及びpineneの自働酸化生成物としてverbenoneを検出, verbenol, cadineneの存在を推定しテレビン油はこれら成分からなることを確めた.
3. 邦産ガム・テレビン油4種,サルフェート・テレビン油2種のラマンスペクトルを撮影し,これらは主としてα-pinene及びβ-pineneよりなり他成分は少い事を認め,そのラマン線668, 1660; 643, 1639cm-1の強度をbenzene及びacetoneの606, 1710cm-1をinternal standardとして求め,純粋物質との強度比からα-及びβ-pineneの組成を測定した.
4. 1664cm-1はlongifolene, verbenolのラマン線l656, 1657cm-1などと重なり, 1639cm-1はphellandreneの1640cm-1と重なり,またdipenteneの1648cm-1も影響を与えるので著しく過大となる場合があり不適当である. 668, 643cm-1は僅かに他成分との重なりがあるがその影響は少く,これによつてα-及びβ-pineneの組成を測定し,その含量が60～80%及び10～15%であることを認めテレビン油の一分析方法を明らかにした.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (534K) -
高島 又夫, 北島 晃, 大塚 謙一1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 25-29
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーFrom morphological and biological aspects, the strain, -used in this experiments, belongss to Penicillium purpurogenum. This strain grew well in the glucose-CZAPEK's medium in surface and submerged cultures, and produced white crystals accompanied with red pigments. This white crystals were precipitated from culture filtrate by acidifying with mineral acid.
The crude precipitate was extracted with acetone and from this solution white crystals of needle-like prism were obtained. The melting point of the crystal recrystallized from chloroform and aqueous acetic acid was 200.5_??_201.5° (obsd.). From the data of elementary analysis and molecular weight measurement the molecular formula must be C18H20O7.
The physical and chemical characters of the white crystal and the melting point of its acetylated compound showed the same experimental results as those characters of glauconic acid. When this white crystal was mixed with glauconic acid there was no change in melting point, and the infra-red absorption spectrums showed complete identity. From these experimental results we concluded that this white crystal is identical with glauconic acid of WIJKMANN et al., originally found in cultures of a Penicillium glaucum.
The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to Dr. K. SAKAGUCHI for his guidance and Dr. Herrman SUTTER for his kind offer of the sample of glauconic acid for identification.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (458K) -
(第5報) 17 α-Methyl-3-keto-5, 17-dioxy-androstanの応用福田 俊治1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 29-32
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー著者の合成せる17α-Methyl-3-keto-5, 17-dioxy-androstanのオリーブ油溶液を孵化後1年乃至1年8カ月余経過せる雄成鶏に経口投与して,その授精率を100%近くまで上昇せしめ得ることを2回の試験(雄鶏6羽,雌鶏80羽,種卵3357個を使用)によつて確かめることが出来た.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (385K) -
1. 馬鈴薯切片の呼吸本田 幸一郎, 小田 圭昭1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 32-36
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー馬鈴薯より分離したtyrosinaseは酸化還元色素で阻害され,その阻害は電位の低いもの程強い.
馬鈴薯切片は調製後時間の経過につれて酸素吸収が増加し, 70時間位で最高に達する.
酸素吸収が増加している切片は酸化還元色素で酸素吸収が阻害され,其の様子は分離したtyrosinaseに類似する.
馬鈴薯切片の酸素吸収の増加とmethylene blueの脱色時間とは反対の結果を示し,酸素吸収の増加は脱水素系に無関係に行われている.併し馬鈴薯の熱抽出物を加えるとmethylene blueの脱色時間は短かくなる.
新鮮な切片はmono-iodoacetateで酸素吸収が阻害され, thioureaでは阻害されない.
以上の事実より馬鈴薯の正常呼吸は脱水素系を経由して行われでいるけれ共,組織が損傷された時は脱水素系で抑圧されていたtyrosinaseの活性が増大し, phenol類の酸化が起り,この為酸素吸収が増加し,これが組織褐変の原因となると推論した.
本研究の一部は昭和28年4月農化大会に於て発表した.又実験の一部は本学実習生牧俊夫君をわづらわした.記して謝意を表す.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (460K) -
小原 哲二郎, 北村 光雄1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 37-39
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーThe author investigated the phosphatide of Sawa-Millet oil and found out the following results:
1. Sawa-Millet oil contains about 0.14% phophatide.
2. This phosphatide is composed of about 23% lecithin and about 76% cephalin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (278K) -
(第1報)有胞子産膜酵母の分類横塚 勇, 後藤 昭二1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 39-41
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー山梨県下殆んどの醸造場等の葡萄酒及び果汁443資料より葡萄酒産膜酵母786株を分離,これよりtypical strains174株を選んだ.その串有胞子酵母138株をLODDER等の方式に従つて分類した結果Pichia membranaefaciens 129, P. farinosa 2, Hansenula anomala 1, Devariomyces vini 1, Sporobolomyces salmonicolor 4及びSaccharomyces fermentati 1を得た.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (237K) -
(第1報補遺)有胞子産膜酵母の分類, Pichia membranaefaciens横塚 勇, 後藤 昭二1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 42-44
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー萄葡酒より分類したP. membranaefaciens 129株を形態的な差,即ちstreak culture, giant colony及びpellicle等の形状よりI,形状smoothで色調pale olive-buff. II, wrinkledで色調vinaceous-buffを主調とするもの及び両者の中間体と考えられる1群の, 3群に分類した.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (217K) -
林屋 慶三, 吉田 善一, 小田 良平, 浜村 保次1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 45-49
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーThe photobleaching of chlorophyll which was absorbed on silica gel was examined by the irradiation of visible light (Matsuda tungsten filament lamp)under the various conditions:
I. in the air with moisture. II. in N2 gas with moisture. III. in the air in dry state. IV. in N2 gas in dry state.
Under the condition I, the photobleaching was observed and I2-starch test paper placed in the apparatus turned into blue, while both the photobleaching and color change of test paper was not observed at II and IV, and a little at III.
The mechanism of photobleaching of chlorophyll by the irradiation with visible, light was shown as follows:
Chl.+hv………………Chl.*
Chl.*+O2………………Chl.+O2*
O2*+H2O………………H2O2
H2O2(HO_??_)+Chl.*…oxy-Chl.+H2O *:exited molecule
It was concluded that the photobleaching of chlorophyll by the irradiation of visible light was produced by the action of hydrogen-peroxide which was made from H2O and O2 at the presence of photo-exited chlorophyll.
To prevent the photobleaching, catalytic decomposition of hydrogen-peroxide by Cu-chlorophyllin was examined.
Chlorophyllin was absorbed on the silica gel, and then Cu-chlorphyllin was absorbed on it. Chlorophyll treated with Cu-chlorophyllin was irradiated in the presence of the air with moisture. Cu-chlorophyllin detered considerably the chlorophyll from the photobleaching by the visible light.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (419K) -
(第2報) Catenulariaの分布及びその菌学的性質について今井 寛, 岡 智1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 49-52
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper it was shown that Catenularia sp. HFES No. 179 and 136 have the constriction on the conidiophore near the foot cell. The purpose of this paper is to describe that morphologically the constriction of conidiophore and physiologically the osmophilic nature are generally observed on Catenularia in our country. Twenty-two strains of Catenularia from various sources were collected and examined. From the results it is considered that they all belong to the one species of Catenularia fuliginea, so the new morphological and physiological natures shall be supplemented to the description of Catenularia furiginea SAITO.
And it is considered that on yokan or sweet cakes Catenularia grow specially by the osmophilic nature.
Suppteniental Description of Catenularia fuliginea SAITO.
Conidiophores are constricted usually at a point of 3 to 10μ of distance from the foot cell and aboveit cylindric with about 2_??_3μ, in diameter.
At the point of the constriction no septa are observed.
And the high osmotic pressure (about 50 Atm.) on culture media is necessary for normal growth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (385K) -
(第2報)醤油麹菌の酵母リボ核酸分解酵素系について国中 明1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 52-57
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1. 醤油麹菌(Asp. oryzae var. No.13)のリボ核酸分解酵素系は酵母リボ核酸を無機燐酸の脱離なしにウラニウム試薬可溶性有機燐酸化合物に分解するribonucleo-depolymerase systemと,これから2次的に無機燐酸を脱離するribonucleophosphatase systemを含む.
2. このribonucleodepolymerase systemは加熱,透析,弗化ソーダ添加,弱塩基性イオン交換樹脂IR-4B又は酸性白土との接触等の処理によつて失活しないが, ribonucleophosphatase systemはこれらの処理で容易に失活する.
3. 麹菌ribonucleodepolymerase systemの至適温度は60°附近,至適pHは4.0附近にあり, pH6.0附近で特に顕著な耐熱性(100°,10分処理で失活10%以内)を示す.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (521K) -
原田 篤也, 河野 啓一1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 57-61
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1. Enterobacteriaceaeのフェノールスルファターゼは通常の合成培養では殆ど生成されない.その生成には構造未知のある物質を必要とする.
2. この未知物質は多くのペプトン製品,酵母エスキ等に存在するが,特にミクニのペプトンに多く含まれる.
3. この未知物質はアルコールにとけるが,エーテル,アせトンにはとけない.酸に対してはかなり安定である.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (463K) -
富金原 孝, 井出 聰彦1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 62-66
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーR. D. V.と酒精醗酵率との関係を示すとFig. 3の通りになる.多少のふれはあるが菌株,培地,培養時間のいかんを問わず, R. D. V.と酒精収量との間には相関性が認められる,又酒精醗酵率の最大誤差範囲を画がくとFig. 3にploteされた35点(24点はTable 3より11点は補足試験による)中1点のみその範囲からはずれている.酒精醗酵の場合は微生物学的の誤差も入るので,はずれた点はその原因によるかも知れない.
今酒精醗酵率90%以上を得るには本定量法によれば, R. D. V. 35%位で良いと思われるが測定上の誤差を考慮すればR. D. V. 45%以上を必要とすることになろう.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (456K) -
(第9報)人工変異株の形態的変化についての考察井口 信義1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 67-73
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー(1) Alterations in microscopic details and its relations to changes in colony appearence were studied about 202 mutants of Aspergillus sojae SAKAGUCHI et YAMADA induced by ultraviolet, X-ray and nitrogen mustard (mostly ultraviolet ray).
(2) There was scarcely any difference in the rate of linear growth among the parent straina, lbino, yellow, brown, bluish green any olive type mutants. The rest of the mutants decreased in the rate of linear growth in comparison with the above.
(3) Echinulations of eonidia`l walls which had important meaning in taxonomic studies existed except 6 strains and the surface of conidiophore walls were observed to be smooth. Therefore, above two properties were found to be comparatively unchangeable.
(4) The shape and size of each organs were found remarkably changed except above two, properties. It was presumed that these organs were changeable by induced mutations.
(5). Surveying the relation between alteration of structure and colony type, it was concluded that alterations in microscopic details were scarcely observed in mutants differed conidial color only compared with the parent, however, morphological changes were observed mostly in the mutants of regressive types as restricted colonies and degenerated colonies in sporulation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2336K) -
人工変異による酵素力の変化並に強力蛋白分解菌の造成井口 信義1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 73-78
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー(1) Proteolytic, liquefying and saccharifying activities were tested about 202 induced mutants of Aspergillus sojae (mold for soy making).
(2) More than 70 per cent of the mutants decreasedenzymic activities, but some mutants which increased the activities were isolated. A mutant (X-816 strain) was obtained from normal type, which had extremely strong enzymic activities though it was almost the same as the parent strain in appearence.
(3) There was no relation between colony type and enzyrnic activities except that there was hardly any difference in enzymic activities among the mutants that differred the color each other, and that there were the bounds of possibility increasing its saccharifying power in sterile and floccose types.
(4) Mutant strain X-816 having the highest ability of proteolytic activity in the mutants was not inferior to those groups of the natural ranking with the highest position in the activity.
(5) The strain X-816 having higher ability of proteolytic activity was irradiated with ultraviolet for the purpose of increasing the ability. However, favourable results was not obtained.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (546K) -
武田 義人, 松井 俊規1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 78-83
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーWe isolated the acetone-butanol fermenting bacteria (KN-18) from the soil of Hainan Island in China (1943). In Japan during the period of the Second World War it was used for the acetone butanol fermentation of cane sugar, and it has been used for the fermentation of molasses up to date after war. Westudied morphological and physiological characteristics of this bacteria, comp aring with known species, and recognized as a new one and named Clostridium kainantoi nov. sp.
Characteristics: 1. Vegetative cell: rod 0.6_??_1.0×1.8_??_5.5μ
2. Spolangia: spindle or club shaped, 2.2_??_2.8×5.6_??_8.4μ
3. Spore: ellipsoidal or cylindrical, 2.0_??_2.5×2.5_??_3.1μ
4. Motility: motile, 5. Gram positive, stained blue or brown by iodine, stained by methylene-blue and carborfucsine, 6. Indole production: (-), nitrate reduction: (+), nitrite reduction: (+). 7. Production of H2S: in peptone containing cultures (+). by the reduction of sulphite (-), by the reduction of thiosulphate (+). 8. Gelatin liquefaction: (+), 9. Fermentation reaction and relation between fermentation and temperature: see Table 1 and 2. 10. Optimum temperature: 30°_??_37°, ferm. and growth range 20°_??_40°, 11. optimum pH: 5.6_??_6.8, ferm. and growth range 4.0_??_9.0. 12. Thermal death point: 50°, 10min. 13. Spore resistance to heat: 100° for 40min. 14. Anaerobic.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (538K) -
(第3報)黴のもつPectin分解酵素に就て竹花 秀太郎, 小倉 長雄1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 83-86
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1. Fungi contains a enzyme which clarifies the fruits juice. 2. The enzyme was extracted by water, but not precipitated by ammonium sulfate perfectly. 3. The optimum temperature were 40_??_50° and the optimum pH for the enzyme 4.5_??_5.5. 4. The enzyme decomposed the pectin or pectic acid solutions directly, and remarkable and rapid decrease of the viscosity of the solutions were observed. But litte or no increase of the reducing power and the acidity were observed. 5. The reaction of the enzyme was accelerated by ammonium sulfate and some other salts. 6. The-enzyme from fungi was considered as depolymerase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (367K) -
(第8報)麹菌proteinaseの性質 (1) 作用力及び安定性に対するpH及び温度の影響松島 欽一1955 年 29 巻 1 号 p. 87-90
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1) 麹菌proteinaseのpH作用曲線は温度によつて異り,そのpH至適点は作用温度が高い程酸性側に位置する. 40°, pH6.0附近で最高の活性度を示した.
2) 水素イオン濃度に対する酵素の安定性に就ても上と同様の傾向が認められる.
3) pH5～pH7の範囲内では酵素は比較的安定であるが,それよう酸性側に傾いても又アルカリ性側に傾いても急速に作用力を喪失する.
4) 熱に対しては, 65°では極めて短時間に破壊せられ,又60°, 30分で殆ど完全に失活する.
5) 酵素の熱失活に対してCaCl2及び寒天は保護作用を有する.
Table 5. Effects of Various Compounds on the Heat-Inactivation of the Enzyme of Asp. Oryzae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (383K)
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