巻号一覧
29 巻, 9 号
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Streptomyces albireticuliの生産する抗細菌物質Enteromycinについて (IV)中沢 鴻一1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 659-661
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1) Streptomyces albireticuliの培養液より,主としてグラム陰性細菌に作用する新抗生物質を結晶状にとり出し,これをEnteromycinと命名した.
2) Enteromycinは酸性側をに於てグラム陰性細菌に対して強力に作用ずる.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (238K) -
Streptomyces albireticuliの生産する抗細菌物質Carbomycin (V)中沢 鴻一, 柴田 元雄, 三宅 彰, 岩崎 英介1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 661-664
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1) Streptomyces albireticuliの培養液から,主としてグラム陽性細菌に作用する抗生物質をとり出した.
2) この抗生物質を詳細に検討した結果Carbomycinであることを確めた.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (305K) -
(第1報)ネギの炭水化物の種類水野 卓, 金兵 忠雄1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 665-671
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーネギを緑葉部,中間部,白色部の3部に大別し,それらの炭水化物を段階的に14区分に分け(Fig. 1参照),各部各フラクションに顕れる糖類並びに構成糖類を主としてペーパークロマトグラフィによつて検索同定し以下の結果を得た(Table 2参照).
1. 遊離単糖類としてはグルコース,フラクトースがネギの各部ともに存在し,二糖類としては蔗糖,マルトースが,又この他フラクトースのみを構成糖とする未知の糖類(fructose-oligosaccharides)を5種類以上ネギ各部ともから検出し,特に白色部に於いては少量のフラクタンが存在する.
2. 配糖体構成糖としてラムノース,ガラクトース,グルコース,アラビノース,キシロースが検出され,特に緑葉部において著明である.
3. 熱50%エタノール可溶性多糖類の構成糖として,ガラクトース,ガラクチュロン酸,アラビノース及び微量のキシロース,ラムノース,グルコース,マンノース,フラクトースが検出される.各部とも同結果を得る.
4. 水溶性多糖類の構成糖としてはガラクトース,ガラクチュロン酸,アラビノーズ,グルコース,ラムノース,マンノース,フラクトースが検也され,ネギ各部とも同結果を得る.
5. ネギ体中には澱粉は殆ど存在しない.
6. ネギ各部とも,ヘミセルロース構成糖としてはラムノース,ガラクトース,キシロース,フラクトース,グルコース,マンノース及びRF 0.43の未知糖(desoxy-ribose?)が検出される.
7. ネギにはα-セルロース及びリグニンの少量が存在する.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1346K) -
(第14報)テトラロンカルボン酸の脱水素八木 一文1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 671-674
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーAs the bromination-dehydromination method could not be successfully applied for the preparation of 4-hydroxy-5, 7-dimethoxy-2 naphthoic acid (IIIa) from 4-keto-5, 7-dimethoxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-2-naphthoic acid (IIa), the dehydrogenation method was applied 4-Keto-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-2-naph-thoic acid (IIb) and its ethyl ester, chosen as model substances, were dehydrogenated under various conditions and the best yield of 4-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (IIIb) was obtained when the latter was treated with boiling biphenyl in the presence of palladium charcoal. Under this condition, ethyl ester of IIa was also smoothly dehydrogenated to the ethyl ester of IIIa, from which monomethyl-2-sorigenin (Ib) is expected to be synthesized.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (370K) -
(第1報) Anaerobic lysisについて野村 真康1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 674-678
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーA very rapid lysis of several amylase producing strains of Bac. subtilis was observed, when they were grown aerobically by shaking culture and then left in a fairly anaerobic condition without further aeration (Fig. 1).
This phenomenon is first recognized at the last stage of the log phase when amylase begins to appear in the medium, and can be observed thereafter until the cessation of the amylase produc-tion (Fig. 2). Therefore, apparently both phenomena, amylase production and anaerobic lysis, take place in the same growth phase.
The effect of the variation of the growth medium on this phenomenon was examined.
The anaerobic lysis was also observed after the cells were harvested, washed and resuspend-ed in the new medium or buffer (Fig. 3). Therefore, this phenomenon is not due to the external substance, but to the factor within the cell. The cells derived from the single spore survived after the heat treatment (100- for 30 min. ), and still showed the same phenomenon. Accordingly, the lysis by carried bacteriophages was excluded and the anaerobic lysis seems to be the hereditary character of these organisms.
Several strains of Bac. subtilis, Bac. megatherium and Bac. mesentericus were examined as to their character of anaerobic lysis (Fig 4, 5). This phenomenon has been pronounced only in the amylase producing strains of Bac. subtilis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (478K) -
(第2報)溶菌液中におけるKilling Factor及びAutolysineの発見と紫外線による溶菌の誘発について野村 真康1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 678-682
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーEvery efforts to demonstrate the existence of bacteriophage in the lyzate produced by the anaerobic lysis of Bac. subtilis H gave negative results, and instead of these two factors were discovered in the filtered lyzate. One of them is the antibiotic substance (s) which specifically kills certain strain of Bac. subtilis and Bac. mesentericus and is fairly thermostable, while the other is the thermolabile lytic factor (the autolysine). This latter factor lyzes both the living and heat killed-Bac. subtilis H from which it was produced it (Fig. 2), and also the related strains of Bac. subtilis, but does not lyze the other species of gram positive bacteria (Sarcina lutea and Staph. aures (Fig. 3)) and Gram negative bacterium (E. coli) which were tested.
The logarithmically growing cell of Bac. subti, H was irradiated with ultraviolet light, and after 1. 5 to 2 hours of incubation induced lysis could be observed (Fig. 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (499K) -
(第13報)白色株と黄色株的Heterocaryonから新株(永続的緑色株)の育成について石谷 千代子1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 682-689
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーHeterocaryotic combinations have been worked out with the mutants of Asp. sojae, carrying colour and nutritional markers: i.e. Y leu Y arg, Al leu and Al his.
Stable green strain (G) were obtained in the following combinations: Y leu+Al his, Y arg+ Al his, and Y arg+Al leu, the properties of which are as follows:
They had heads of uniformly green conidial chains like the original wild type Asp. sojae K. S.
They were able to grow on minimal medium. On Koji-agar or a synthetic medium supplemented with either one or both of the amino acids required by the component strains, they exhibited homogeneous green colonies, instead of segregating out into Yellow- and Albino-types sectors as is in the case of heterocaryons.
They were exceedingly stable and persisted 99.5% as green colonies. After 10_??_14 day's incubation, they rarely produced heads, small spots or sectors of either component colours.
The segregants which occurred from the G through pedigree-culture are as follows
As to the colour marker, 0.3_??_0.5% Yellow- or Albino-type segregants occurred. Among these segregants, Yellow type ones still segregated into Albino-type at an extremely- low ratio (0.1_??_0.3%).
In concerning the nutritional marker, the G were prototroph and Yellow- or Albino-type segregants were prototroph or the same requiring as the component strains. However, in the combination of (Y arg+Al leu), two new Yellow segregants have been obtained which differ from the component strains.
Finally, a method for increasing frequencies of occurrence of stable green strains (G) has been deviced. The conditions effecting the increase are as follows:
The frequency of the spontaneous occurrence of G differed according to the sort of combinations of the component strains, ranging one G per 1000_??_2500 heterocaryons (0.2_??_3 G per 106 plated conidia).
For obtaining the G, camphor treatment was somewhat effective but acenaphthene treatment was not effective.
The frequency of the occurrence of G was raised to 2_??_9 G per 102 plated surving conidia by UV-irradiation. Thus UV-irradiation increased the frequency of the G production by 104 times more than those which were not treated.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1329K) -
高濃度の塩類,金属塩,有機酸の影響と対策石川 芳典, 小幡 彌太郎1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 689-692
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーInhibitory influences of high concentrated salt solutions and organic acids on L-glutamic acid decarboxylase in aquash were tested. Final concentrations of sodium chloride more than 1 per cent in the enzymic procedure lead to the decrease of the quantitative value of L-glutamic acid (Fig. 1). Copper sulfate showed an inhibiting influence at its final concentration of 0.1 per cent on the enzymic reaction mixture.
In the case of some organic acids, such as acetic, propionic and butyric acid, the inhibition was remarkable, but lactic aicd was less inhibiting. The more hydroxyl group in the molecule of the orgaic acids, such as succinic, malic and tartarie acid, the less inhibiting effects on the L-glutamic acid decarboxylase were recognized.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (372K) -
(第2報)高温貯蔵卵白の硫黄化合物の変化野並 慶宣1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 692-697
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー新鮮有精及び無精卵,並びに防腐乳剤処理有精及び無精卵を30°及び35°に21日間貯蔵し, 9.14及び21日目に次の事項につき検討した.卵白のpH,非蛋白態硫黄及び窒素,遊離アミノ酸,含硫アミノ酸,防腐乳剤, Ca(OH)2及びパラフィンで処理し, 6カ月間室温に貯蔵した卵及び30°に21日間貯蔵した矮小卵についても同様の実験を行つた.
以上の実験結果より次の結論を得だ.
1. 非蛋白態硫黄及び窒素,遊離アミノ酸は胚の発育につれて常に増加して来るものではない.
2. 卵白のシスチン,システインは貯蔵中に減少するのが普通であるが,有精卵を高温貯蔵した場合の中,あるものではその%は減少しないで,むしろ増加する傾向を示す.この傾向は胚の発育による変化により起ると思われる.
3. メチオニンの貯蔵中に於ける減少はシスチン,システインの減少程著しくはない.有精卵に見られる貯蔵中のシスチン,システインの%の増加は常にメチオニンよりこれらが生成されることによるとは断定出来ない.
4. 卵白貯蔵中の硫黄化合物の変化は大部分シスチン,システインに於いて起るものによると思われ,これが胚の発育により起る場合は発育の比較的初期に於いて起るものと推定される.
5. 矮小卵卵白の硫黄化合物に見られる貯蔵中の変化は通常卵のそれと異るようである.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (585K) -
(第26報)各種麦角菌の菌核と培養とにおける麦角アルカロイドの検索阿部 又三, 山野 藤吾, 高津 嘉春, 楠木 貢1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 697-703
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー(1) 各種麦角アルカロイドの相互識別法を検討してこれを設定した.またこの研究の過程で新たに未知の麦角アルカロイド4種を発見した.
(2) 代表的な10種の麦角菌の菌核と培養とにおける個個の麦角アルカロイドを検索してこれを明らかにした.
(3) どの種の麦角菌も天然と培養との別なくすべての麦角アルカロイドを共通に生産し得るものである.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (662K) -
(予報)大腸菌によるオキシアミノ酸の嫌気的脱アミノ基反応について石川 芳典, 桜井 節二1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 704-707
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーSerine and threonine have been reported by many workers to be deaminated by bacterial cells to pyruvate and α-ketobutyrate respectively, as the products of anaerobic deamination. In the following study, the vacuum-dried cells of Escherichia coli were employed for studing the quantitative deamination of hydroxyamino acids. Using the dried cells being about 10-fold weight of L-threonine in the anaerobic deamination mixture, at 37°, 1_??_2 hrs. in phosphate buffer pH 7.8, a quantitative amount of α-ketobutyrate measured by the Warburg manometric apparatus with yeast carboxylase was obtained.
In the case of L-serine, the anaerobic deamination product, pyruvate is slightly metabolized and could not be quantitatively recovered.
DL-Threonine and DL-allothreonine were deaminated by the dried preparations but could not be quantitatively recovered in the L-form, suggesting the inhibition of L-threonine and L-allothreonine dea minase by D-threonine and D-allothreonine respectively.
DL-Serine was deaminated to pyruvate and showed that the anaerobic dearnination of D-serine proceeded the deamination of L-serine.
The influence of some acidic amino acids, such as cysteine and adenllie acid AMP) on this deaminating reaction were also studied (Table 4, 6).
α-Ketoglutarate, the anaerobic deamination product of β-hydroxyglutamate was not detected.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (378K) -
(第3報)炭素源添加によるペニシリン生産向上に就て野口 祐一, 荒尾 修, 山本 嘉久, 重藤 稔, 栗原 純夫1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 707-711
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー1. Glucose richのCSL培地を用い,激しい通気攪拌条件で培養し,糖利用後グルコース,ラクトース,大豆油をintermittentlyにfeedし,グルコースの場合0.013%/hr.,大豆油では0.01%/hr.のfeedingで対照に比較して約560, 1000単位の単位増加がみられ,最高3120, 3614u/ccを得た.
2. Glucose feedingの場合は量的に少い方が単位の増加が大で,量が増すに従い少くなる.ラクトースでは凡て対照よりも低い値を示し,量的には少い方が多い場合より遙かに阻害の程度が少い.
終りに本研究の発表を許可された社長加藤弁三郎博士並に研究に終始御懇篤なる御指導と御助言を与えられた渡辺製造兼研究開発部長,鎌田富士工場長,東京研究所主任研究員木下祝郎博士に感謝致します.本報の要旨は昭和30年3月日本農芸化学会大会に於て発表した.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (483K) -
高橋 重作1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 711-715
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーThe formative metabolism of vitamin B12, in silk-worms was studied microbiologically. The results` briefly summarized are as follows
1) The content of vitamin B12 in the various organs of silk-worms was assayed by Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris as shown in Table 2 and 3.
2) The variation of vitamin B12 content in silk-worms was observed in each stage of the metamorphosis, and Malpighian vessels indicated the maxium value.
3) The isolation of vitamin B12-forming microbes was tested, and a few strains of bacteria, fungi and Actinomycetes were found iq the alimentary tracts of silk-worms. The strong forming ability of vitamin B12 was seen in Actinomycetes, and on the contrary, extremely weak in bacteria and fungi.
Actinomycetes in alimentary tracts of silk-worms showed merely a slight decrease after fasting for 3_??_5 hrs.
From the above findings, it seems to be confirmed that the production of vitamin B12 in silk-Ivor s may be due to the vitamin B12-forming ability of Actinomycetes.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (446K) -
(第2報)微量の血液中のビタミンA及びベータ・カロチンの定量法について佐橋 佳一, 中山 昭彦, 原島 圭二1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 715-719
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリー(1) In the BESSEY method for determining serum vitamin A, some modifications were made upon the micro-cuvette, etc., and several experiments were repeatedly carried out by the micro-uvette.
(2) The extinction coefficient of β-carotene was assessed to be 2420 at 460mμ in kerosene-xylene, so the conversion factor in equation (1) for calculation of carotene content is to be 413 rather than 480.
(3) β-Carotene and lycopene do not have influence upon the value of serum vitamin A in this procedure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (431K) -
(第3報)ビタミンA欠乏鼠によるビタミンA及びβ-カロチン吸収試験の一知見佐橋 佳一, 中山 昭彦, 原島 圭二, 岩本 秀夫1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 719-721
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーIn 1952, A. E. SOBEL, stated problems of absorption and transportation of fat-soluble vitamins in children, and the metabolic pathway of vitamin A, when administered in aqueous dispersion was shown in his works. Marked elevation of blood vitamin A was recognized 3 hrs. after oral administration of vitamin A with aqueous dispersion. But, no further evidence for absorption appeared in vitamin A-deficient rats, and thus the present authors have recently attempted to carry out several studies on this problem.
At first, the serum vitamin A in blood of vitamin A-deficient rats was tested, and the disappearance of vitamin A in blood was found at the end of the experiment. Then, the animals thus obtained were treated by administration of vitamin A in aqueous dispersion, and the appearance of the vitamin in blood was estimated. by the BESSEY method.
On the otherhand, similar experiments with β-carotene were repeated. The results obtained are shown in Tables 1_??_4.
From the above findings, it may be oberved that the highest vitamin A blood level was also found in vitamin A-deficient rats 3_??_4 hrs. after oral administration of the vitamin and β-carotene, similar to the experiments with children by SOBEL.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (280K) -
(第1報)成長と酵素のActivity (其の1)吉田 昭, 山崎 隆, 芦田 淳1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 721-724
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーRelationships between stages of growth of rat and the activities of enzymes were studied.
The activities of xanthine oxidase and choline oxidase increased, according to the rats' growth from infant stage, reached maximum at the age of 100_??_130 days and decreased thereafter.
In the case of choline oxidase activity, the maximum value of the male rat was found to be much higher than that of the female. This fact might have relation to the difference of fat metabolism between male and female rats.
The change of succinic dehydrogenase activity with growth was not found.
Figures indicating the amount of uric acid, allantoin and total N contents in urine per mg of liver-N of rats have the same tendency with the activities of xanthine oxidase or choline oxidase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (330K) -
(第2報) Enzyme Activity及び代謝物に及ぼす摂取蛋白質量の影響村松 敬一郎, 芦田 淳1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 725-730
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーIn this laboratory, we have been attempting to study the dietary requirements from the view point of metabolism, especially of enzyme activities, constituents, and its turnover rates.
As previously reported, we have observed that the activities of liver xanthine oxidase and choline oxidase were affected greatly by varying levels of dietary protein in rats.
In this paper, we wanted to account for the relation between liver enzyme activities and the nitrogen metabolites in urine by varying levels of dietary protein. The enzymes chosen for the present research were liver xanthine oxidase and arginase which played a role in nucleic acid and protein metabolism, respectively. As the nitrogen metabolites in urine, uric acid, allantoine, xanthine, urea and creatinine were determined.
The results are shown in Table 1_??_2 and Fig. 1_??_6.
The activity of liver xanthine oxidase was depleted to zero on the free- and low-protein (10%) diet, and maintained constant level on 20_??_30% protein diets as previously indicated, while the activity of liver arginase increased linearly with increasing protein percentage of the ration. On the other hand the excretions of nitrogen metabolites increased according to the amounts of dietary protein, the increasing rate of urea being larger than that of uric acid and allantoin. Even on the protein-free ration, excretion of xanthine in the urine was not observed. The amount of urinary creatinine was found to be unaltered by varying amount of protein, except a little increase on the protein-free ration.
The above results demonstrates that there is a close relationship between the activity of liver arginase and the amount of urinary urea, but is no relationship between the activity of liver xanthine oxidase and the urinary excretion of uric acid and allantoin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (596K) -
(第1報)拮抗試験による生合成径路の推定松山 晃1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 730-735
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーThe scheme of the bisoynthesis of panthothenic acid previously studied by many workers is shown in Table 1. The effects of many metabolites on the actions of three specific inhibitors of panthothenic acid synthesis by E. coli and B. subtils are indicated in Table 4 and 5. As the result, it is found that dimethylpyruvic acid, a precursor of valine, is a noncompetitive antagonist to the three inhibitors as well as pantoic acid, α-ketopantoic acid and their, lactones, while β-alanine is not. Therefore, the pathway of pantothenic acid synthesis in microorganism is presumed to involve the following reaction, dimethylpyruvic acid→α-ketopantoic acid→pantoic acid. α-Hydroxyisovaleric acid is also found to be noncompetitively antagonistic and dimethylacrylic acid not antagonistic. The former may be utilized to pantothenic acid synthesis after convertion into dimethylpyruvic acid as it will be described in the later report.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (494K) -
(第2報) Pantoic acidおよびその前駆物質の定量について(その1)松山 晃1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 736-742
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーKPL-DNPのアンモニアによる新呈色反応につき次の諸点を検討した.(1) KPL-DNPの異性体AおよびBを分離し,それらの性質をTable 1に示しAをanti型, Bをsyn型と推定した.(2) KPL-DNPが極性溶媒中でアンモニアにより鮮紅色に呈色しこれを定量に用い得ることを示し,この呈色のアンモニア添加量,時間的経過, KPL-DNP量との関係を明らかにした.(3) この呈色反応の機構がプロトン脱離反応の結果生成するazo基を含むconjugated anionによることをIR等の結果から推定した.(4) DNPのアンモニア呈色をformaldehyde,遊離ケト酸になく,後者のエステルに弱くみられKPL-DNPのこの種の呈色反応に高い特異性が認められ且つこれはcross conjugation効果により説明される.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (580K) -
Sigeo FUKUDA1955 年 29 巻 9 号 p. 743
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/11/21
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (105K)
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