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Volume 39, Issue 10
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Tetsuya IWASAKI, Isao ENDO, Shinjiro CHIKUBU, Tatsuo TANI1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 365-370
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA larger content of soluble nitrogen and water-soluble carbohydrates of E. R. (Early Rice=rice produced through early season cultivation) was proved, and a weaker resistance against mold infection as well as natural deterioration was inferable from it.
A comparative storage test of E. R. and N. R. (Normal Rice=rice produced through normal season cultivation) brought out a larger degree of deterioration of E. R. at the beginning of storage.
Then, deterioration within a few weeks after harvest was checked. Both samples had high degrees of moisture, showed extraordinary respiratory rates, and, although most data increased and decreased frequently, no marked difference was detected between the two. Thus we reach the conclusion that E. R. is less advantageous than N. R. with respect to retaining quality, because it contains a larger amount of unstable substances, and because it is exposed to hot and humid climate immediately after the harvest when it is very liable to deteriorate and to catch molds. Nevertheless, ideal and careful processing, drying and storage will remove all disadvantages of E. R.
Incidentally, a new type of apparatus with which we have determined the respiratory rate of rices is introduced here in detail. It is fairly creative and gives highly precise data.View full abstractDownload PDF (520K) -
Rheological Properties of Barley StarchHisaya HORIUCHI, Chihoko SAITO, Tatsuo TANI1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 371-377
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRheological properties, amylose content and X-ray diffraction pattern of barley starches were compared with those of rice starches which were previously reported. Barley starches were prepared from nine samples of flour, consisting three samples each of domestic barley, domestic naked barley and foreign barley (Canada), which were made by employing a method of mechanical separation. Purity of the starches were almost same as that described by MacWilliam. Amylose content was obtained from 23 to 27 per cent by the use of amperometry. X-ray diffractometer curves were recognized for a A-Spectrum, and were found no differences among the samples. The amylogram had a very small breakdown in comparison with rice starches. Moreover, according to a microscopic observation, it was recognized to be difficult of breakdown on starch granules. These starch gels showed high values of dynamic visco-elasticity than those of the rices. In contrast with the behaviors of these pastes which gelatinized by heat, alkali-viscogram showed lower resistance to alkaline than the rites. Very small differences on these rheological determinations were found among the varieties.
It may bebriefly summarized to the above properties that barley starches are more “Flaky or Non-sticky” type than rice starches.View full abstractDownload PDF (1375K) -
Ichiro TOMIDA, Jun-ichi OHASHI, Takuro TOKUDA, Minoru NAKAJIMA1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 378-384
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA number of N-trifluoroacetyl-dipeptide methyl esters in which N-terminal aminoacyl substituents are Gly, L-Ala, L-Val, L-Leu, L-Ileu, L-Pro, L-Orn and L-Phe were prepared for the study of the gas-chromatographic separation. Carbobenzoxy-dipeptide methyl esters were prepared from carbobenzoxy-amino acids and amino acid methyl esters by the mixed anhydride procedure. These dipeptide derivatives were decarbobenzoxylated with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid or by catalytic hydrogenation. The products were then trifluoroacetylated with methyl trifluoroacetate in the presence of triethyl amine to yield N-trifluoroacetyl-dipeptide methyl esters.
The dipeptides containing L-Orn were able to be separated gas-chromatographically also in the form of ditrifluoroacetyl derivatives.
The glycyl-amino acid derivatives were prepared also from N-trifluoroacetyl-glycine anhydride and amino acid methyl esters by the procedure of F. Weygand.View full abstractDownload PDF (451K) -
Ichiro TOMIDA, Takuro TOKUDA, Jun-ichi OHASHI, Minoru NAKAJIMA1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 385-390
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Synthesis of the N-trifluoroacetyl-α-and-γ-L-glutamyl-L-amino acid methyl esters, starting from the corresponding N-carbobenzoxy alkyl ester derivatives, is described. γ-Methyl N-carbobenzoxy-glutamate was condensed with amino acid methyl esters by the mixed anhydride, dicyclohexyl carbodiimide or p-nitrophenyl ester method to give N-carbobenzoxy-α-glutamyl-amino acid dimethyl esters. These substances were decarbobenzoxylated with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid and trifluoroacetylated with methyl trifluoroacetate in the presence of triethyl amine to the corresponding N-trifluoroacetyl α-glutamyl-amino acid dimethyl esters.
α-Ethyl N-carbobenzoxy-glutamate was condensed with amino acid methyl esters by the same procedures as described above to yield N-carbobenzoxy-γ-glut amyl (-α-methyl ester)-amino acid methyl esters which on hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide solution followed by the decarbobenzoxylation and trifluoroacetylation as above gave the corresponding N-trifluoroacetyl-γ-glutamyl-amino acid dimethyl esters.
N-carbobenzoxy-glutamyl anhydride was refluxed in methanol and resulted γ-half methyl ester was isolated from the reaction mixture by the differential extraction with sodium hydroxide solution. This half ester was condensed with amino acid methyl esters to yield N-carbobenzoxy-γ-glutamyl-amino acid dimethyl esters, which were converted by the same way to the corresponding N-trifluoroacetyl-methyl ester derivatives.View full abstractDownload PDF (397K) -
Ichiro TOMIDA, Takuro TOKUDA, Jun-ichi OHASHI, Minoru NAKAJIMA1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 391-396
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was ascertained that the N-trifluoroacetyl-dipeptide methyl esters were able to be separated efficiently by gas-chromatography using silicone grease column at 210° and a simple relation between the relative retention values and the structures of the compounds was observed. This method is helpful for the sequence analysis of the oligopeptide. According to the above method the gramicidine J1 was hydrolysed partially and the hydrolysate converted to N-trifluoroacetyl-methyl ester derivatives, which were then separated gaschromatographically. The five peaks of the dipeptide appeared on the chromatogram and they were identified as L-Pro-L-Val, L-Val-L-Orn, L-Orn-L-Leu, L-Leu-D-Phe and D-Phe -L-Pro. From this result it was concluded that the gramicidine J, has the same sequence as that of gramicidine S.View full abstractDownload PDF (397K) -
Kenji WATANABE, Shigeru TAKESUE1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 397-401
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA colorimetric determination of hyponitrous acid based on the method of oxime estimation, previously described by Akita, was discussed and some improvements on the procedures have been made.
At first, a sample crystal of sodium hyponitrite is solved in an acetate buffer at pH 3_??_4, since the aqueous solution of hyponitrous acid at alkalinity is unstable. Immediately after diluting it with water to an appropriate concentration (0.1_??_1.5μg nitrogen per 10ml), 10ml of the solution thus obtained (pH about 6) is mixed with 1 ml of 1% sodium sulfanilate, 0.3ml of 0.1 N iodine (in 2% KI) and 0.15ml of 0.5 N NaOH. After 30min. at room temperature, into the mixture are added 1ml of 30% acetic acid, 0.15ml of 0.5 N HC1, 0.3ml of 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate and 1ml of sat. α-naphthylamine.
After 30 min. at room temperature, red color developed is measured with spectrophotometer at 525 mμ. In this instance, however, after the step of addition of acetic acid, an interval of the adding of each reagent must be kept as short and constant as possible, appr. one min., since the intermediate compound produced in this step is easily decomposed. In addition, in order to correct the data if necessary, a constant concentration of nitrous acid must be determined in the same manner as a control.
Extinction was proportional to the concentration of hyponitrous acid of about 10-6 M. This method involves the reaction which is shown according to the following equation, since hyponitrous acid was oxidized quantitatively to nitrous acid.
H2N2O2 + O2=2HNO2View full abstractDownload PDF (426K) -
Quantitative Analysis of Calcium and Magnesium (Note)Tadahiro MASUMURA, Michihiro SUGAWARA, Syujiro ARIYOSHI1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 402-407
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAtomic absorption spectroscopy was applied to the rapid quantitative analysis of Ca and Mg in formula feed and its ingredients for their quality control.
(1) Absorbance at 422.7 mμ was measured for Ca, and 285.2 mμ for Mg. (2) Linear relationships between absorbance and concentration were found at 0_??_100 p. p. m. for Ca and 0_??_10 p. p. m. for Mg. (3) Nitric acid-perchloric acid mixture was used for digestion. After diluted with water, the sample digested was used for analysis of Ca and Mg. Silicate and phosphate interfered calcium determination and silicate interfered magnesium determination, but both interferences were eliminated by adding excess amount of strontium chloride (4, 000 p. p. m. strontium). (4) Recoveries of added Ca and Mg were satisfactory, and the observed values by atomic absorption spectroscopy agreed with those obtained by other analytical methods (oxalate-permanganate method for Ca, spectrophotometric method with sodium-p-chlorophenol-azo-1, 8-dihydroxynaphthalene-3, 6-disulfonate for Mg). (5) Reproducibility of analytical values was satisfactory. Coefficients of variation were 1.13% for Ca and 1.20% for Mg. (6) Single solution derived from a sample was able to be used for both Ca and Mg determinations, only by exchanging hollow cathode lamps.View full abstractDownload PDF (487K) -
Tomotsune TAIRA1965 Volume 39 Issue 10 Pages 408-409
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn Japan the qualities of industrial alcohol have usually been indicated by chameleonnumber, i.e. the time required to decolorize the alcohol by a half volume of N/1000 chameleon solution until the color tone of the standard color solution (100 cc water solution of 0.2 cc of 0.1% methyl orange plus 4 cc of N/100 HCl) is reached. In this case the oxidation of the aldehyde occures first and then that of alcohol itself, and therefore,
when the quantity of the aldehyde is very minute, the index is not dependable. Moreover, the color is apt to differ according to the individual who conducted the test.
The author measured by spectrophotometer both the transmittance of the standard chameleon solution and I minute transmittance of the mixture of the alcohol and the chameleon solution, and used the latter's ratio to the former instead of the chameleonnumber hitherto used.View full abstractDownload PDF (120K)
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