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Volume 39, Issue 9
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Tetsuo TAKAISHI, Hironori KURITA, Yasuyoshi OSHIMA, Tomoharu OKUDA, Mi ...1965 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages 323-327
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBioassay method for attractants was investigated. Capillary tubes filled with test solutions and control tubes filled with distilled water were placed in the suspensions of the larvae of free-living type nematodes, Rhabditis sp., in a petri dish.
After one hour the numbers of nematodes in the tube of test solutions were counted and attractivity was judged by this number. The best condition was observed at 0.02M concentration of the test solution and optimum pH range of 7 to 8. Of 20 amino acids tested, L-leucine, L-lysine, L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine were effective. Twenty-eight esters of amino acids were examined and the attractiveness of L-ornithine ethyl ester, L-valine methyl ester and L-aspartic acid β-alkyl esters was observed. β-Propyl, isopropyl and butyl L-aspartate were also attractive. Dialkyl, N-alkyl, N-tosyl aspartate and glutamate had no attractivity.
Ammonium chloride was synergistic with these active compounds, but ammonium nitrate and hydroxide were not. Lactic acid had the attractivity, but did not show additional activity with these active compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (409K) -
On the Taxonomical CharactersKen-ichiro TAKAYAMA, Shigeo ABE, Shukuo KINOSHITA1965 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages 328-334
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe taxonomical and comparative studies of the glutamic acid producing bacteria were undertaken, using two hundred and seven strains. The following results were obtained. (1) The organisms change their cell-forms during the growth successively to short rods, rods and ellipsoidal spheres. (2) The organisms are Gram-positive. However, negatively stained cells, which are considered to be non-viable are observed in some samples. (3) The organisms grow well on a tellurite agar medium and form gray to black colored colonies. (4) The organisms are not thermoduric in the skim milk. (5) Hydrogen sulfide is produced by all strains when they are cultured aerobically in the medium containing cystine. (6) The organisms are resistant to relatively high concentration of sodium chloride. (7) Some differences of acid production from carbohydrates are observed in these strains. These acid productivities are found to be stable physiological characters in these micro-organisms. (8) The all strains require biotin for growth but some of these strains are found to require thiamine or para-amino benzoic acid in addition to biotin. (9) Some physiological characters described in this paper are different from those reported by the other anthers. The differences are probably due to cultivation times or to the presence of contaminant.View full abstractDownload PDF (1405K) -
Classification of Glutamic Acid Producing BacteriaKen-ichiro TAKAYAMA, Shigeo ABE, Shukuo KINOSHITA1965 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages 335-341
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe taxonomical characters of two hundred and seven glutamic acid producing strains were studied. The taxonomical position of these strains was discussed and the systematic grouping of these strains was made.
The organisms are very similar to each other. They are Gram-positive, non-sporulating, non-motile, ellipsoidal spheres to short rods which are pleomorphic, require biotin for growth and accumlate aerobically large quantities of glutamic acid. Moreover they have many other common characters.
Some differences were found in physiological characteristics of these strains. Therefore two hundred and seven strains studied can be classified into twelve types for practical purpose according to the seven characteristics such as acid production from glucose, sucrose, salicin, mannitol and maltose, urease activity and nitrite production.
The other glutamic acid producing strains reported previously which could not be obtained were compared with the results described in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (2714K) -
on the Base Composition of DNAKen-ichiro TAKAYAMA, Shigeo ABE, Shukuo KINOSHITA1965 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages 342-346
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe base compositions of DNA from representative strains belonging to twelve types of glutamic acid producing strains were measured.
The twelve types were, further, grouped into three groups according to the guanine-cytosine content (G-C).
The group of 53% G-C was consisted of type 1 to type 10. The strains of this group showed higher activities of glutamic acid production than the other and rapidly produced acid from glucose. The most of glutamic acid producing microorgaminisms belong to this group.
The group of 53% G-C was consisted of type 11 which produced neither urease nor nitrites from nitrates.
The group of 65% G-C was consisted of type 12 which slowly and weakly produced acid from glucose and did not produce urease.
Thermal denaturation temperature (Tm) of M. glutamicus KY 9003 and KY 9002 which belonged to the group of 56% G-C, were measured. The Tm of the former strain was 92.3°C (corresponds to 56% G-C) and the Tm of latter was about 89°C (corresponds' to 48% G-C).View full abstractDownload PDF (424K) -
Volatile Amines in Cured Leaves and Tobacco PlantNorio YASUMATSU, Shigeo AKAIKE1965 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages 347-351
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVolatile amines in cured leaves and tobacco plant were investigated by gas chromatography. Fifteen amines were detected in cured leaves and among them twelve amines were identified. Amine content was influenced by the type of cured leaves (flue cured and air cured) and by the amount of nitrogen supplied, but N-methylpyrrolidine was the main constituent of volatile amines in cured leaves. In tobacco plant, most of the amines observed in cured leaves were detected, but relatively large amount of isobutylamine, isoamylamine in the leaves and methylamine in the root were observed compared with cured leaves.View full abstractDownload PDF (412K) -
Properties of Arabanase Produced by Plant PathogenesAkira KAJI, Kiyoshi TAGAWA, Kojiro MOTOYAMA1965 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages 352-357
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBotrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia libertiana and Gloeosporium kaki were cultivated in the media containing sugars, peptone, NaNO3, KH2PO4, MgSO4•7 H2O and trace of FeCl3 the initial pH value of which was adjusted at pH 5.4, and the shake culture was continued at 28°C for 3 or 4 days. Arabanase was effectively produced in the cultural solution containing araban or arabinose. The optimum pH value for arabanase action was 3.0 (B. cinerea, S. libertiana) and 4.0_??_6.0 (G. kaki). When arabanase of these organisms was acted on beet-araban at 40°C for 24 hrs., L-arabinose was found to be the main product, and the small amount of galactose and oligosaccharide of arabinose were also detected by the method of paper chromatography.
Arabanase was extracted from an enzyme preparation of Coniothyrium diplodiella and purified by the procedure of rivanol precipitation and column chromatography using DEAE-cellulose. When the purified enzyme of C. diplodiella was acted on araban, the optimum pH value was 3.6_??_3.8, the main product of enzymatic action was L-arabinose and small amount of galactose was shown in paper chromatogram, but no spot of oligosaccharide could be detected in the same chromatogram. The ratio of hydrolysis of araban reached to 93.5% after the arabanase action was continued at pH 3.6, 30°C, for 96 hrs. Any inhibitory effect could not be shown by the addition of aluminium and iron. This inhibitory result was the same as in case of Asp. niger mentioned in part V.View full abstractDownload PDF (502K) -
Noboru MURAYAMA, Hiroshi SUZUKI1965 Volume 39 Issue 9 Pages 358-363
Published: 1965
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlkali-susceptibilities of various starch granules were exhibited well by a new method, light-scattering-alkali-amylography. The method was established as follows: Ten cc of 0.2_??_0.5% starch suspension in a test tube with a stopper was put in an electric nephelo-meter and the intensity of scattered light was adjusted to 100%. A definite amount of 3 N KOH solution, usually 0.1 cc, was added to the suspension, the suspension was turned over several times and kept at constant temperature, and the intensity of scattered light was determined 5 or 10 minutes after the addition of alkali. Thus, a curve of light intensity against normality of alkali was obtained by the use of less than 0.5g starch within an hour. This method could show if a sample starch was a mixture of an alkali-resistant and an alkali-susceptible starches.View full abstractDownload PDF (1152K)
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