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Volume 40, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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On the Assimilation of Hydrocarbons by Mycotorula japonicaTokujiro AIDA, Kazuo YAMAGUCHI1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 119-126
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo pentose-utilizing yeasts isolated previously and other 37 standard strains of yeasts were tested for their abilities to assimilate kerosene, and it was noticed that M. japonica, one of the pentose-utilizing yeasts, could assimilate also kerosene to the extent less than that obtained in the glucose medium. Growth of the organism on hydrocarbons was raised with the increment of carbon number and hexadecane was the most suitable source of hydrocarbon within the C 8-C 16 paraffins tested. Hexadecane-oxidizing activity of the organism was noticed to be adaptive. Dialysis culture improved the assimilation of kerosene to give a higher level of growth than that of a nondialysed control performed on the concentrated medium which contained whole nutrients of the reservoir and the culturing chamber. In the reservoir of the dialysis-cultured flask, some factors were found which repressed specifically the growth on the kerosene medium but not on glucose. Hexadecane-oxidizing activity of the organism was markedly enhanced by dialysis culture, and this activity was not inhibited by an active preparation of the above-mentioned factors inhibiting kerosene assimilation. Compared with cells grown on glucose, nondialysed kerosene-grown cells exhibited a high content of crude fat in the cells and high molar ratios of histidine, arginine and valine and low ratios of aspartic acid and glycine in the acid hydrolysate of the cells, and these differences were diminished in the dialysed kerosene grown cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
Saké-flavourHayashi KOMODA, Fumiyoshi MANO, Masakazu YAMADA1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 127-134
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe flavour compounds of various fermented beverages were concentrated into the solvent (ethanol, water or beverage itself) by passing CO2 gas produced in fermentation or by aeration of mash. This method has two advantages, first to avoid the incompleteness in collecting flavour compounds by ordinary extraction and second to avoid the complication by mixing newly formed substances (for example, carbonyl compounds during distillation) to original aroma. It was found that the saké flavour obtained by passing CO2 gas from fermented sake mash to 800ml. of 92% ethanol at -10 to -15°C in the speed of 10 to 151. per minute for 44 hrs. contained 75.4% of alcohol, 0.38% of fusel oil, 0.43% of ester and 0.006% of aldehyde, and showed the strong sweet odour like the odour of a melon. Gas chromatographic investigations using DNP, DEGS, PEGA, and TEA as the liquid phases proved that the flavour was consisted of the following constituents (ppm), ethyl acetate much, n-propyl acetate2+, isobutyl acetate 90, isoamyl acetate 2, 025, β-phenyl ethyl acetate 8.7, ethyl propionate2+, ethyl butyrate 70, ethyl caproate 215, ethyl caprylate 99, ethyl caprate 18.3, ethyl laurate 0.6, ethyl lactate+, n-propyl alcohol 50, isobutyl alcohol 553, n-butyl alcohol+, act-amyl alcohol 641, isoamyl alcohol 1, 409, β-phenethyl alcohol 1.9 and acetaldehyde+.View full abstractDownload PDF (553K) -
Nutritional Deficiencies and Sugar-fermentabilities of Induced MutantsKunihiko HIGUCHI, Hiroaki OKADA, Nobuo IKEBE1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 135-139
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNutritionally deficient mutants were induced from Lactobacillus acidophilus strain Shirota, which was used for industrial production of lactic acid beverage. Since mutants were hardly obtainable by spontaneous mutation, penicillin-screening method combined with dialysis was applied to cells of late-exponential phase after irradiation with ultraviolet light. By these means, three auxotrophic mutants were obtained. Two strains (F 2 & F 3) were found to require L-lysine for growth, but assumed to have different mutant genes, since one of them (F 2) lost the ability to ferment lactose as an accompanied result of the lysineless mutation. Another mutant (F 1) required ribonucleotide, either 3' or 5'-phosphate ester of purine-or pyrimidine-ribonucleotide. None of deoxyribonucleotides, nucleosides, and some organic phosphate compounds were satisfactory for the requirement, except for p-nitrophenyl phosphate which exhibited similar effect as monoribonucleotides. The maximal growth of F 1 was proportinal to the amount of supplemented monoribonucleotide, as far as the concentration from 3μ mole to 20μ mole per ml of medium was concerned.View full abstractDownload PDF (409K) -
The Compositions of Phospholipids and their Fatty AcidsHaru KAMEYAMA, Akira GOTO, Koichiro HONDA1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 140-145
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhospholipds and their fatty acid compositions of E. coli were studied. Cells of E. coli grown on synthetic and natural media were found to contain about 5% phospholipids on a dry weight basis. Paper chromatography, using the silicic acid-impregnated paper, indicated the presence of a phosphatidylethanolamine as a chief component. However, the plasmalogen form of the phosphatidylethanolamine was absent. The fatty acids of the phosphatidylethanolamine were found to be myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, oleic, and branched-saturated C17 and C19 acids as detected by gas-liquid chromatography, the major component being palmitic acids.View full abstractDownload PDF (425K) -
Biosynthesis of PhospholipidsHaru KAMEYAMA, Koichiro HONDA1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 146-151
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBiosynthesis of phospholipids in E. coli was studied using 32P-orthophosphate in vivo (in a whole cell) and in vitro (in a cell-free extract). Labeling in vivo was observed mainly in phosphatidylethanolamine, whereas radioactivity in vitro was found only in phosphatidic acid. The incorporation of 32P into phosphatidic acid proceeded linearly with time to 2 hrs. The reaction required succinate and magnesium ion for a maximum incorporation of 32P. The incorporation decreased by the addition of AMP and ADP and was stimulated, in the presence of AMP and ADP, by sodium fluoride and glycerol but not affected by glucose. Labeling of phosphatidic acid was also detected even when CTP was added to the incubation mixture.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K) -
Investigation for the Precursor of p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid in SakéAtsushi YAMAMOTO, Tairiku ÔMORI, Hiroshi YASUI1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 152-160
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPreviously, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and its ester were separated and identified in Saké as new phenolic compounds, and it was considered to be produced by fermentation of L-tyrosine. For confirmation of this suggestion, the fermentation products were extracted with ether from 2l of Hayduck solution to which was added 2g of L-tyrosine in place of L-asparagine and left standing for 7 days at 28°C after adjusting to pH 4.0 and adding Saké yeast (Kyokai No. 7). Then, the extract was successively shaken with saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate, 10% aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and 5% solution of potassium hydroxide. Three phenolic acids were separated and identified from sodium bicarbonate solution, which were p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and l-p-hydroxyphenyllactic acid. But, it was evidenced that p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid was produced by oxidation of p-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde during the separating procedure. The weak acidic substance from 10% sodium carbonate solution was treated with 25% sodium bisulfite and weak acidic carbonyl compound was isolated. Then, it was identified with p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. The other phenolic compound from 5% solution of potassium hydroxide was agreed with tyrosol.
On these results, it was cleared that p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, the new fermentation products from L-tyrosine, were produced in fermentation of L-tyrosine by yeast on the different metabolic path way from Ehrlich's mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (739K) -
Ching-San CHEN, Masateru MIYANO, Bunji MARUO1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 161-164
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSShort-day plant Lemna perpusilla was fed with 14CO2 under continuous illumination or short-day conditions. After almost all of 14CO2 was utilized, the duck weeds were extracted with 80% ethanol, and the ethanol extracts were developed with two dimensional paper chromatography. Eleven compounds on the autoradiogram of ethanol extracts have been identified. They were citric acid, malic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, asparagine, glutamine, sucrose, glucose, fructose and NAD. Among these compounds, citric acid, malic acid, aspartic acid, asparagine and glutamine were clearly changed in concentration at various conditions. Citric acid and aspartic acid were accumulated in short-day condition, while malic acid and glutamine were decreased in the same condition. The amount of asparagine showed an interesting changes as follows: when the photoperiod was changed from continuous illumination to short-day condition, asparagin was increased at the beginning of short-day condition and was decreased after flowering.View full abstractDownload PDF (1540K) -
Jun-Ichiro MUKAI, Akira HARA, Ei-Ichi SOETA, Satoru AKUNE1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages 165-168
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA method has been devised for the systematic and quantitative analysis of 5'-phosphate terminal, internal nucleotide, and 3'-hydroxyl terminal of an oligoribonucleotide. It consists of the following steps; 1) alkaline hydrolysis of the material, 2) a direct two-dimensional paperchromatography of an aliquot of the hydrolysate for nucleosides, 3) a group separation of another aliquot into nucleoside, 3' (2')-mononucleotide, and nucleoside-3' (2'), 5'-diphosphate fractions by a linear gradient elution chromatography on a DEAE-cellulose column at pH 7.5 in the presence of 7M urea; 4) Dowex 1×2 formate column chromatography of the mononucleotide fraction, and 5) a modified and newly established Dowex 1×2 formate column chromatography of the diphosphate fraction, A more simplified, preliminary paperchromatographic method with some limited utility, which separates simultaneously all the above-mentioned compounds, is also described.View full abstractDownload PDF (283K) -
Kenzo TONOMURA1966 Volume 40 Issue 3 Pages R7-R11
Published: 1966
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1223K)
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