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Volume 41, Issue 6
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Conversion of Citronellal (1)Tetsugo HAYASHI, Katsuhisa HIRANO, Hiroo UEDA, Chuji TATSUMI1967 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 247-253
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTerpenes are important compounds for their reaction ability and stereochemical structure to the synthetic chemistry. So, microbiological conversion of terpenes is also interesting to resolve some fundamental problems which may be necessary for the association of the synthetic chemistry and the fermentation chemistry.
In this point of view, we studied a series of microbiological conversion of simpler terpenes, especially with bacteria.
In this paper, conversion of citronellal to citronellic acid by newly isolated bacteria, identification of the main product, some aspects of bacteria's characteristics and cultural conditions are presented.View full abstractDownload PDF (1139K) -
Conversion of CitralTetsugo HAYASHI, Hiroki TAKASHIBA, Hiroo UEDA, Chuji TATSUMI1967 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 254-259
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPseudomonas sp. was isolated from soil by a screening procedure with lemon grass oil as sole carbon source. It was found that the organism converted citral, the main component of lemon grass oil, to an organic acid in high yield. It was observed that the acid had the same chemical characteristics with those of the authentic geranic acid. Optimal conditions for the acid production were determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (961K) -
Interaction between Protein and Starch of Rice (1)Itsuo TAKEUCHI, Kiyoshi SHIMADA, Seiji NAKAMURA1967 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 260-270
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe offered previously(1, 2) a speculation on the interaction (specific adhesion) between the starch gel layer and the protein granules in sake mash. This was investigated with homogeneous solutions of proteins and polysaccharides.
The flow properties of mixture of rice starch and rice protein or rice starch and α-casein were influenced by an interaction between the components of the mixture in the low pH range but the interaction was not observed in the high pH range. The viscous properties of polysaccharides and proteins were in the behavior of polyelectrolytes and the interaction was attributed to the dissociation of ionizable groups (electrostatic forces) on these polymers.
Batzer(17) showed some viscous properties with linear and branched high-molecular fractions of polyvinyl chloride in tetrahydrofuran, and an anomalous behavior was found on the branched polymer. The same anomalous behavior was observed on the rice starch, the rice amylopectin and the corn amylopectin when the mixture of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide was used as the solvent. It was not observed on the rice starch when lactic acid-sodium hydroxide solvent was used, and on the potato amylopectin, the amyloses of corn, rice and potato in the hydrochloric acid-sodium hydroxide solvent.View full abstractDownload PDF (747K) -
Production of 5-Aminovaleric Acid from L-LysineHiroshi HAGINO, Kiyoshi NAKAYAMA1967 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 271-275
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeveral Pseudomonas strains were found to accumulate an amino acid in the culture broth when grown in a lysine-containing medium. The amino acid was isolated in crystalline form from the broth and was identified as 5-aminovaleric acid (5-AVA) from its melting point, chemical composition, infrared absorption spectrum and other properties.
5-AVA production from L-lysine in Pseudomonas fluorescens IAM-3 was investigated in detail. 5-AVA-producing activity of the organism was induced with L-lysine in the medium and repressed with glucose. The optimal pH-value for the conversion was about 9.0. After the organism was grown for 48 hours in a glucose-mineral medium containing corn steep liquor (0.3%) and L-lysine hydrochloride (2mg/ml), L-lysine hydrochloride was added to the culture medium in various concentrations, and the incubation was continued further for 72 hours. When the concentrations of L-lysine added were 20mg/ml and 60mg/ml, 5-AVA yields were 75% and 65%, respectively. With acetone-dried cells, 5-AVA was obtained in nearly 100% yield when the concentration of L-lysine hydrochloride was 40mg/ml, and 25mg of 5-AVA per millilitre was accumulated within 12 hours.View full abstractDownload PDF (399K) -
The Influence of Cultural Environments and the Extent of Maturity of Seeds on the Oil Property and Its Fatty Acids Composition in Castor BeansYoshiichi TAKEUCHI, Takahiro KUSHIGE, Tomoo NOGUCHI, Tadashi TAKARA, Y ...1967 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 276-281
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was made on the influence of environmental conditions and the extent of maturity of seeds to the content and chemical properties of oil of castor beans throughout their growth by open-air culture. The content and properties of the oil obtained from immature castor beans were significantly different from those of the oil obtained from mature beans. In the former case, a high initial iodine value and acid value of the oil decreased rapidly during the growth of the beans, whereas the acetyl value remained unchanged. The beans grown at an average maximum temperature of 31_??_33°C yielded a maximum amount of oil. The acetyl value of the oil obtained from the beans grown at a lower temperature was higher than that of the oil obtained from the beans grown at a higher temperature. The property of castor oil appeared to be affected by environmental conditions rather than by fitting positions of the fruits on the plant. The oil obtained from mature beans was compared with that obtained from immature beans of 12_??_16 days after flowering; in the case of the former the oil content was approximately 45% of the beans and ricinoleic acid was 80_??_90% and free fatty acid was less than 0.5% of the total oil, and in the case of the latter the respective value was approximately 1%, 65_??_75% and 35_??_80%.
Five unidentified compounds named as A, B, C, D and E were detected by gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of the oil and a total amount of the unknowns was 10_??_12% in the oil obtained from the immature beans whereas only 2_??_3% in the oil obtained from the mature beans. D and E were found only in the free fatty acid fraction of the former.View full abstractDownload PDF (481K) -
Formation of the Wax-Shell and Change in the Composition of Lipid Class in the Seasonal Life Cycle of Ceroplastes pseudoceriferusAkira HASHIMOTO, Katsunori MUKAI1967 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 282-289
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe seasonal life cycle of C. pseudoceriferus was observed, and formation of the wax-shell during its development and the change of the content and the composition of lipid class were examined. The insect which settled on host plants after the hatch takes the sap, and grows rapidly. At the same time, waxy material was secreted from the insect body, and the formation of the wax-shell was characteristic in each stage. The wax content in the wax-shell lipids of the second instar larvae was the highest of all stage. The property of wax differed according to each stage. For example, cyclic wax was detected in the third instar and adult stages. The lipid content in the insect body of the egg and adult stages was higher than that of the larval stage. The change in triglycerides content was similar to that observed in whole lipid content, but phospholipids content was the highest of the larval stage. The fatty acid composition changed remarkably in the proportions of capric, lauric and myristic acids.View full abstractDownload PDF (2859K) -
Isolation and Structure of the Octadecenoic Acid and Octadecadienoic Acid from Ceroplastes pseudoceriferusAkira HASHIMOTO, Taketsugu MASUI, Katsunori MUKAI1967 Volume 41 Issue 6 Pages 290-293
Published: 1967
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethyl octadecenoate and octadecadienoate were isolated from the mixed methyl esters of fatty acid of C. pseudoceriferus lipids by the application of thin-layer chormatography using chromataplates coated with silver nitrate-silica gel. The process of the separations and the purity of each ester were checked by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). The structures of the acids were determined by ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectrophotometry, and by oxidative cleavage using alkaline periodate-permanganate, with identification of the fragments by GLC.
These acids were identified as cis-9-octadecenoic acid and cis-9, cis-12-octadecadienoic acid.View full abstractDownload PDF (101K)
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