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Volume 50, Issue 1
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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Takafumi NAGANUMA, Yasuyuki UZUKA, Kentaro TANAKA1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTransfer of iron dissolved in reaction mixture to resting cells of Lipomyces starkeyi IAM 4753 was investigated. In the first step of the study, special attention was given for determing whether the transfer of iron mainly refered to biologically significant absorption into the cells or to non-biological adsorption on the cells. Radioactive iron [59Fe] was mainly employed as a direct means of measuring iron transfer.
Iron transfer from reaction mixture to intact cells occurred not only within a usual incubation period (10min) but also within no incubation period (0 time) at 4°C and 18°C. Pretreatment of cells with various metabolic inhibitors or heating did not alter the iron transfer in a significant amount. The major portion of iron transferred to intact cells was released again by washing the cells with EDTA.
Iron was readily transferred even to the cell walls of the yeast. Most part of iron transferred to the cell walls were solubilized by enzymic lysis of the cell walls.
From these results, it was concluded that the transfer of iron can be attributed to non-biological adsorption on the surface of the cells of L. starkeyi.
In the second step of the study, various factors affecting the adsorption were investigated. The amount of iron adsorbed on the cells increased with decreasing ionic strength. Iron adsorption was pH-dependent, and the optimum pH was in a range between pH 3.3 and pH 3.6. Larger amount of ferric ion was adsorbed than ferrous ion over a wide range of pH. As concentration of iron and cell were increased, the amount of iron adsorbed on the cells increased. Apparent adsorption capacity per surface area of the cells (4πγ2×108 cells) varied with culture age of the cells and that of log-phase cells was the highest.View full abstractDownload PDF (506K) -
Hiroshi KORENAGA, Takafumi NAGANUMA, Yasuyuki UZUKA, Kentaro TANAKA1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 9-15
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple difined medium for normal growth of Lipomyces starkeyi was studied. In the first step of the study, a semi-defined medium of Starkey and a defined medium which was derived from that of Wickerham were employed as standard media. Changes of concentration of 15 components (glucose, N, P, K, Mg, Na, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, B, I, Mo, and biotin) in these media were determined as a function of growth time. Consumption profiles of the components were classified into five groups. As a rule, concentration of major components (glucose, N, P, K, Mg) decreased in the retardation phase of growth. Concentration of minor components (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, biotin, Mo, I) decreased mainly in the exponential phase of growth. In either cases, some components remained at their lowest concentration to the end of the culture but concentration of the other components increased again as the culture time progressed. Exceptional cases were those of Na, Ca, and B. Concentration of Na and Ca kept constant and :that of B increased gradually throughout culture period.
In the second step of the study, cells were grown in a new defined medium which consisted of substantially consumable components by cells and the initial concentration of indivisual component was based on the maximum amount of the component consumed in the above experiments. Cellular growth was followed by O. D. at 660 nm and total cell number per ml of the medium. The growth was normal during the exponential phase of growth, but in the retardation phase of growth cellular growth delayed and the final cell yield was about a half of that grown in standard media.View full abstractDownload PDF (520K) -
Nobuhiro FUKUDA, Kohji HORI, Michihiro SUGANO1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 17-22
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of exercise (mechanical treadmill running) on plasma and liver lipids were studied using male Donlyu rats fed a commercial pellet ration.
1. Exercise caused a reduction in the concentration of plasma triglyceride, phospholipid and cholesterol the extent of which was the most significant immediately after and became smaller gradually with the lapse of time after exercise. Liver triglyceride, but not cholesterol and phospholipid, was increased after running.
2. When the different intensities of running were taken (0.5, 1.0 or 3.0 hr/day), light exercise caused larger reduction in plasma lipids and elevation in the plasma cholesterol ester ratio than heavy excercise. In cholesterol ester, exercised rats had higher proportion of linoleate at the expense of arachidonate. It was unlikely that these modifications in cholesterol ester were due to the changes in the activity and specificity of plasma lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. The effect of exercise on liver lipids was not recognized.
3. It appeared that effects of exercise on plasma and liver lipids of rats were complicate under the influence of various factors.View full abstractDownload PDF (500K) -
Synthesis of Alkoxycarbonylpseudourea DerivativesKozo OYAMADA, Junzo TOBITSUKA, Takashi MATSUI, Mitsuo NAGANO1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 23-27
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReaction of various kinds of alkyl alkoxycarbonylthiocarbamates (V) with ammonia gave 1-alkoxycarbony1-2-alkylpseudoureas (IV) in a good yield accompanying desulfurization. New 1-alkoxycarbony1-3-alkyl (or phenyl) carbamoy1-2-alkylpseudoureas (VII) were synthesized by the addition reaction of IV to alkyl (or phenyl) isocyanates. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of 2-ethy1-1-methoxycarbony1-3-methy1-carbamoy1-pseudourea revealed that the compounds exist in two tautomeric forms in a solvent.View full abstractDownload PDF (364K) -
New Synthesis of Benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamic Acid EstersKozo OYAMADA, Takashi MATSUI, Junzo TOBITSUKA, Mitsuo NAGANO1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 29-33
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reaction of alkyl alkoxycarbonylthiocarbamates (I, RO-_??_-NH-_??_OR') with anilins was studied. Treatment of I-a (R=R'=C2H5) with aniline, p-chloroaniline and o-toluidine did not react in refluxing ethanol. I-b (R=CH3 R'=C2H5) was reacted with p-phenylenediamine to give 1-(4-aminophenyl)-2-ethy 1-3-methoxycarbonylpseudourea in refluxing ethanol. Alkyl benzimidazo 1-2-ylcarbamates were prepared by the reaction of I with o-phenylenedia mine at 80_??_90°C in water or ordinary solvents.View full abstractDownload PDF (333K) -
A New Synthesis of 1, 2, 4-Oxadiazolinone DerivativesKozo OYAMADA, Junzo TOBITSUKA, Takashi MATSUI, Mitsuo NAGANO1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 35-39
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe reaction of alkyl alkoxycarbonylthiocarbamates (I) with hydroxylamine gave corresponding 3-akoxy-_??_2-1, 2, 4-oxadiazolin-5-ones (III) in a good yield.
3-Alkoxy-4-methyl-_??_2-1, 2, 4-oxadiazolin-5-ones (IX) were obtained by methylation of III with methyl iodide in ethanol.View full abstractDownload PDF (338K) -
Osamu HIRAYAMA, Namiko HARA, Akira TANAKA, Syoji OKA1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 41-47
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPigments of photosynthetic bacterium, Phodopseudomonas spheroides S (new strain) were extracted and identified. Under semi-anaerobic condition in the light, the bacterium formed large amounts of pigments, which were identified to be bacteriochlorophyll a, bacteriophaeophytin a and 8 carotenoid components containing neurosporene, spheroidene, spheroidenone, OH-spheroidene, OH-spheroidenone, demethylated spheroidene, spirilloxanthin and an unknown component. The bacterium also produced dark-aerobically a small amount of pigments which were found to comprise a bacteriochlorophyll precursor and oxygenated carotenoids such as spheroidenone, OH-spheroidenone, spirilloxanthin and 2-ketospirilloxanthin. On the other hand, porphyrin excretion by the organism under semianaerobic condition in the light was observed, and the main component of secreted porphyrin was coproporphyrin. These properties were similar to those of the old strain (van Niel strain)
. Effects of inorganic salts on the pigment formation and porphyrin excretion were, further, investigated. Bacteriochlorophyll and carotenoid formations were stimulated by FeCl3 and MgSO4. Porphyrin excretion was also stimulated by MnCl2, MgSO4 and NaCl, while it was suppressed by FeCl3. It was noted that the stimulation of pigment productions by FeCl3 was a very higher rate in the S strain than that in van Niel strain.View full abstractDownload PDF (505K) -
Hitoshi SHIBATA, Takahiro SUEKANE, Hideo OCHIAI1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages 49-54
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in thiol content of chloroplast during photoinduced development as well as the relationship between the thiol content and the photoreductive activity of chloroplast were investigated. Thiols of 14.8, μmoles on 100 μmoles chlorophyll basis were detected by DTNB in the isotonic solution (0.4M sucrose) and 30.5 in the hypotonic solution (0.13M sucrose), for the chloroplast from 72 hr illuminated radish cotyledons. The thiol content of the developing chloroplast on a protein basis was shown to be enhanced until 48 hr illumination and then to decline. The thiol content on a chlorophyll basis decreased with the illumination time even after the stationary state of chlorophyll content.
The content in a matured leaf of the radish was as 1/20 as that of the chloroplast in an initial stage of the development. These results indicate that the underdeveloping chloroplast occurs in comparably reduced state and changes gradually to less reduced state with time.
The thiol content of the chloroplast was diminished with some treatments which could depress the PS-II activity of the chloroplast. When the thiols were blocked with a sulfhydryl reagent such as pCMB or DTNB, the PS-II activity was also depressed, but the PS-I was not. On 15min illumination, the thiol content as well as the photoreductive activity of the chloroplast were enhanced but not in the presence of DCMU as an inhibitor of photosynthesis.
Based upon the results as described above, the close relationship between the thiol content and the function of the developing chloroplast was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (550K) -
Seiya OGATA1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages R69-R77
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (765K) -
Hiroshi HAGINO1976 Volume 50 Issue 1 Pages R79-R87
Published: 1976
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (651K)
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