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Volume 52, Issue 10
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Mariko TAKAHASHI, Akira ISHIBASHI, Masao KAMETAKA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 427-431
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate the mechanism of utilization of nonprotein nitrogen in monogastric animals, conversion of NH4-N to organic-N was studied using the everted sac of the rat's intestinal tube.
The conversion of NH3-15N to non-NH3-15N was 5% of the total 15N transported when nothing was added to the incubation medium. In the presence of essential amino acids, the percentage of the conversion increased to 19%. When both the essential amino acids and α-ketoglutaric acid were added to the medium, the conversion was 31%.
Uptakes of 15N from NH4-15N to nonessential amino acids were higher than to essential amino acids which were negligible quantitatively. Highest uptake of 15N was observed in alanine, followed by glutamine.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Haruhiko KAWASAKI, Kazushige TAKASU, Shojiro OMATA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 433-440
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThough extremely halophilic bacteria have been thought not to utilize carbohydrates, an extreme halophile strain R 113, isolated from a rock salt, was proved to utilize glucose, galactose and maltose. The pathway of glucose degradation by R 113 was investigated. The following reactions were found to be carried out by cell free extract of R 113 grown on glucose; NADP-linked dehydrogenation of glucose to gluconate, dehydration of gluconate to 2-keto-3-deoxyglu-conate, and phosphorylation of the keto acid followed by cleavage to yield pyruvate and glyceral-dehyde-3-phosphate. In this organism, therefore, glucose was degraded via a modified Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Every enzyme involved in the pathway was characterized with respect to the requirements for NaC1 and Mg ion.View full abstractDownload PDF (671K) -
Koji TAKAHASHI, Kunio SHIRAI, Keizo WADA, Akira KAWAMURA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 441-448
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was indicated in previous paper that gelatinization of starch could be studied effectively by using differential thermal analysis (DTA). In the present experiments, authors applied DTA to study the thermal behavior of starch in food without isolating it from the other constituents.
The DTA curves of specimens from potato, indian lotus, taro and sweet potato indicated single endothermal peaks specific to species and agreed with those of starches isolated from the foods in shape and temperature region, except for slight shifts of 3_??_7 degrees to higher temperature region. In addition, these endothermal changes accompanied disappearance of polarization pattern of starch. Therefore it can be said that the DTA curves of specimens indicate the gelatinization of in situ starch in foods.
From the further examinations on potato specimen, the following findings were obtained. 1. Gelatinization temperature of the in situ starch in potato decreased from 61°C to 53°C in sodium chloride soln. at 20% conc. 2. In sucrose and ethyl alcohol soln. it increased to 80°C and 75°C at 50% conc. respectively. 3. Specimens from potato preserved for months at 30°C indicated some increase in gelatinization temperature of in situ starch and offered a suggestion that some change in heat slightly of starch in potato occured during its preservation.View full abstractDownload PDF (2948K) -
Mitsuo MIYAZAWA, Hiraku IKEDA, Hiromu KAMEOKA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 449-455
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe constituents of the essential oil of Oenothera biennis L. have been studied. The essential oil was obtained by steam distillation of the herb and root part.
The essential oil was treated with 3%-sodium bicarbonate, then with 5%-sodium hydroxide solution, and was separated into the three fractions; neutral, sodium bicarbonate soluble, and sodium hydroxide soluble fractions. Each fraction was investigated by means of column chromatography, gas chromatography, infrared spectrum, mass spectrum, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and chemical method.
As a result, seventy-nine compounds were detected as the constituents of this oil: α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, limonene, isoamyl alcohol, n-amyl alcohol, n-hexanol, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, n-nonyl aldehyde, 1-octen-3-ol, n-heptanol, trans-linalool oxide, furfural, cis-linalool oxide, benzaldehyde, furfuryl acetate, linalool, n-octanol, linalyl acetate, furfuryl alcohol, β-caryophyllene, α-terpineol, benzyl acetate, α-terpinyl acetate, γ-muurolene, benzyl alcohol, δ-cadinene, γ-cadinene, calamenene, β-phenyl ethyl alcohol, n-C10_??_C38 aliphatic hydrocarbons, n-C4-C18 aliphatic fatty acids, 2-furan carboxylic acid, benzoic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, phenol, o-cresol, p-cresol, eugenol, thymol.
The characteristic major component was furfural.View full abstractDownload PDF (455K) -
Yasushi SUGIMOTO, Takuo OKITA, Katsuya KOGA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 457-462
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn inhibitory activity against bovine trypsin was found to exist in the egg yolk of hen. This activity increased with the progress of embryonic development. Egg yolk homogenates prepared from the eggs at 0 days and 16 days incubation were treated with acetone and then ethanol-ether (1:1). The residues were extracted with Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.0, and fractionated with ammonium sulfate. Both of the partially purified preparations inhibited bovine chymotrypsin and bacterial alkaline protease in addition to bovine trypsin. As to the anti-tryptic activity, the inhibitor prepared from the egg yolk of 16th day of incubation was more active than the inhibitor from the yolk prior to incubation. On the other hand, the former inhibitor was more active than the latter against chymotrypsin and bacterial alkaline protease. These inhibitors were fairly stable over the pH range from 1 to 12, at 70°C, pH 7.6, and even in the presence of 8M urea at a neutral pH, while they were labile when treated with 0.1M NaOH at room temperature or heated to 90°C at pH 7.6, Both inhibitors showed no effect on the endogeneous acid protease which was found in the egg yolk.View full abstractDownload PDF (426K) -
Kinya MATSUMOTO, Kunihiko MATSUMORI, Akio IDE, Hiroyasu WATANABE1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 463-470
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of reactions of Grignard reagents toward ethyl 3-quinolinecarboxylate (I), ethyl 4-isoquinolinecarboxylate (II) and their derivatives was estimated by HMO calculations.
Grignard reagents attack preferentially one of the heteroaromatic ring carbons as estimated by HMO calculations. Compounds I and II react with Grignard reagents, RMgX (R=methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, phenyl, benzyl), to give, respectively, ethyl 4-substituted-1, 4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylates (III) and ethyl 1-substituted-1, 2-dihydro-4-isoquinolinecarboxylates (V) instead of corresponding alcohols. Oxydation of III and V with potassium permanganate gives ethyl 4-substituted-3-quinolinecarboxylates (VII) and ethyl 1-substituted-4-isoquinolinecarboxylates (VIII). Each of compounds VII further reacts with the Grignard reagent to give a mixture of the 4, 4-disubstituted-1, 4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylate and 3-(α, α-disubstitutedhydroxymethyl)-4-substituted quinoline, while compounds VIII to give only 4-(α, α-disubstitutedhydroxymethyl)-1-isoquinolines.View full abstractDownload PDF (613K) -
Kazuhiko SAKATA, Satoshi ISHIYAMA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 471-475
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNon-volatile acidic part of dent corn silage was examined in detail. As the result newly C9_??_C12 saturated dicarboxylic acid, p-coumaric acid and hydrosinapic acid were identified. On the other hand in volatile phenolic part phenol. p-cresol, p-ethylphenol, 4-methylgualacol, 4-ethyl-guaiacol and hydroquinone were identified.
In this report o-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid which was reported in Part II as a component of non-volatile acidic part is amended to p-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (hydro-p-coumaric acid).View full abstractDownload PDF (298K) -
Shoichi SHIMIZU, Takeshi KOBAYASHI, Kazuyoshi SATO, Kunio OHMIYA, Masa ...1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 477-484
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA methanol-utilizing bacterium was isolated from activated sludge of a petrochemical company in Yokkaichi, Mie and was identified as Protaminobacter ruber. This organism grows well on fructose and 1, 2-propanediol as well as methanol. Optimum temperature and intial pH of the medium for growth are 30°C and 7_??_8, respectively. Cell composition and contents of various vitamins were measured. This organism had characteristics of high vitamin B12 and carotenoids contents.View full abstractDownload PDF (641K) -
Kenji MAEKAJI1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 485-487
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe variation in velocity of induced reaction of gelation of konjac mannan with the sort and concentration of gelatinizer was measured by use of an amylograph. The velocity varied with the concentration of OH- but not with that of gelatinizer itself. The variation profile was almost independent of the sort of gelatinizer. The gelatinizer seems to play the role of reservoir or provider of OH-. The relation between the velocity and the concentration of OH- is derived as follows;
V=K[OH]n, where V (min-1) is the velocity, [OH] the concentration of OH-(M), K and n the constants. As the value of n is less than 1, the formation of junction of konjac mannan seems to be hindered with increasing concentration of OH-. From the result, it is concluded that OH- acts as not only the initiator of gelation being due to the deacetylation, but also the inhibitor probably due to the peptizing effect of the ion.View full abstractDownload PDF (211K) -
Seiichi SHIMADA, Keishi SHIMOKAWA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages 489-491
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of ethylene on chlorophyllase activity and chlorophyll degradation in peels of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) fruits were studied using an ethylene-flow system to prevent the inhibitory effect of CO2 on the ethylene action. Chlorophyllase activity and chlorophyll degradation were not increased by exposing to ethylene. After exposing the ethylene-treated fruits to air, chlorophyllase activity and chlorophyll degradation were acceralated simultaneously.
Based on these results, a role of ethylene in chlorophyll degradation of the fruits is discussed briefly.View full abstractDownload PDF (238K) -
1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages N158
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (65K) -
Yasumasa KUWAHARA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages R139-R149
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (812K) -
Choseki FURUSAKA1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages R151-R158
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (719K) -
[in Japanese]1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages N151-N152
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (207K) -
[in Japanese]1978 Volume 52 Issue 10 Pages N152
Published: 1978
Released on J-STAGE: November 21, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (103K)
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