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Volume 68, Issue 5
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Membrane Filtration Characteristics of Yeast Suspension Extracted With Solution of Ethanol in VVaterYumi Yoshikawa, Kanji Matsumoto, Junya Ohki1994 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 949-955
Published: May 01, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRaw baker's yeast or dried or heated baker's yeast was suspended in ethanol-water solutions of various ethanol concentrations to extract trehalose. The yeast cells in the suspension were removed by microporous membrane filters of various pore sizes. When the ethanol concentration of the suspension was 30 wt% or more, the filtration rate increased as the ethanol concentration increased. In particular, when dried yeast cells were suspended in an ethanol-water solution in which the ethanol concentration was 70 wt% or more, the filtration rate of the suspension was 2 to 3 times that of the suspensions of raw or heated yeast cells. The increase in the filtration rate at high ethanol concentration was caused by less of the protein in the suspension being extracted, there being a smaller amount of substances with high molecular weights, and the formation of large flocs of yeast cells. Floc formation was great when the ethanol concentration was 50 wt% or more.View full abstractDownload PDF (1117K) -
Tatsuya Kamiwaki, Keisuke Tsuji, Yasue Nakagawa1994 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 957-965
Published: May 01, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLignin is a kind of insoluble dietary fiber. Cacao contains about 10% lignin, but effect of cacao lignin is not studied. We prepared cacao lignins from defatted cocoa powder by two methods Klason lignin (KL) was prepared by the Klason method with concentrated H2SO4 Alkali soluble lignin (ASL) was extracted with 1% NaOH solution. Their effects on blood pressure and lipid metabolism were studied in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Adult male SHR were kept on a diet of semipurified feed containing 1% NaCl and 2% KL, ASL, or cholestyramine (CL) for 19 days. The mean blood pressure of the control increased. The mean blood pressure of groups fed KL, ASL, or CL was significantly lower than that of the controls on days 10 and 15 of the diet. The plasma Na/K ratio of groups fed KL, ASL, or CL was lower than in the control group at day 15. There were no significant differences in the mineral balance of cations. Fecal excretion of Na was increased in groups fed KL, ASL, or CL compared with the control group, and fecal excretion of K was increased in the KL group compared with the control group. Fecal excretion of Ca and Mg did not increase in the KL, ASL, or CL groups compared with the control group. The plasma level of total cholesterol in the KL group was significantly lower than that of the control groups at days 7 and 15. The ability of lignins to adsorb bile acids depended on the pH in vitro, on the other hand the ability of CL to adsorb bile acids did not depend on the pH. These results suggest that cacao lignins may suppress lncreases in blood pressure and plasma levels of total cholesterol.View full abstractDownload PDF (837K) -
Masahiro Fujimori, Kazuyo Kajino, Yoshiya Kawamura, Yoshio Ito, Hiroyu ...1994 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 967-972
Published: May 01, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSorbic acid (SOA), dehydroacetic acid (DA), benzoic acid (BA), and five esters of phydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) in imported fruit vinegars were first passed through a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and then analyzed simultaneously by gas-liquid chromatography. In brief, the vinegar samples were further acidified with hydrochloric acid, the test solution was saturated with sodium chloride and stirred vigorously, and the solution was put on the cartridge. Acetone as the solvent gave satisfactory results. A wide-bore capillary column was used for the gas chromatography. An FFAP column was most suitable for analysis of SOA, DA, and BA, and an MS column was most suitable for analysis of the five esters of PHBA in terms of stability, separability and sensitivity. Five fruit vinegars, fortified with 20μg/ml of eight food presertives, gave recovery of 91.6-100.5%, and the coefficient variation was 0.16% to 2.23%. The detection limit was 2μg/ml for each vinegar. This method could be used for various vinegars and was superior to conventional systematic methods for the assay of food preservatives. By this method, analytical results for 20 samples of imported fruit vinegars showed that SOA was present at the concertration of l.0-6.5μg/ml in two red wine vinegars, two sherry vinegars, and a balsamic vinegar. BA was detected at the concentration of 2.8μg/ml in a cider vinegar.View full abstractDownload PDF (670K) -
Masato Nomura, Masashi Kyouda, Takashi Hirokawa, Yoshihito Fujita, Mas ...1994 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 973-977
Published: May 01, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe synthesis and physiological activity of acid amides with an adamantyl group. was examined Bromoadamantanes were converted into adamantanecarboxylic acids by cyanidation with copper cyanide, followed by hydrolysis with 60% sulfuric acid. The acids were treated with thionyl chloride to give acid chlorides, and then condensed with N, N-dialkyl amines (dimethylamine, diethylamine, or n-dipropylamine) to the corresponding adamantanecarboxamides. N, N-Dimethyl-2-adamantanecarboxamide (6) at 250g/10a prevented the growth of Elatine triandra in a paddy field. N, N-Dimethyl-1-adamantanecarboxamide (3) had fungicidal activity toward Phytophthora infestans (mont.) de Bary (tomato late blight) and repellent activity to German cockroachs (Blattella germanica) for 5 days. It was evident that these compounds had physiological activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (582K) -
Tadamasa Terai, Takeshi Uda, Junichi Katakawa, Tadahito Tetsumi1994 Volume 68 Issue 5 Pages 979-981
Published: May 01, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: February 14, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA gas chromatographic (GC) method was developed for the identification of grayanotoxins (G), I, II, and III, which are toxic diterpenoids of Leucothoe grayana MAx. GC was done with stainless steel capillary columns (CB17-M 15-025, 15m, which corresponds to OV-17), with programming from 200 to 300°C at 10°C/min. Grayanotoxins with C3-OH and C6-OH gave split peaks on chromatograms. The concentration of grayanotoxins and their GC peak area were directly proportional. This method was used for the identification of grayanane compounds in toxic honey.View full abstractDownload PDF (389K)
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