Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi
Online ISSN : 1881-6681
Print ISSN : 1341-027X
ISSN-L : 1341-027X
Volume 54, Issue 12
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
Review
Articles
  • Saori Mitsuboshi, Tadayoshi Tanaka, Ayumi Murahashi, Kanako Muramatsu, ...
    2007 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 528-538
    Published: December 15, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To obtain strains of bacteria suitable for the production of natto that we have not yet been able to collect in Japan, we explored the Northeastern region of Myanmar. We obtained twenty-nine Pe pok samples with saline concentrations between 0.14% and 13.7%. We isolated 197 bacteria from the samples and identified 137 strains of Bacillus subtilis. We selected 42 of these strains as natto bacilli, as judged from the stickiness of colonies grown on steamed soybeans. The optimal growth temperatures of those 42 strains were as follows : 33°C, 1 strain ; 35°C, 1 ; 37°C, 5 ; 39°C, 9 ; 41°C, 19 ; 43°C, 6 ; 45°C, 1. After manufacturing itohiki-natto by programming the temperature and moisture throughout the manufacturing process, 10 natto bacilli with high scores in sensory tests were selected. Six strains produced natto very similar to Japanese natto, but with a softer texture. The remaining strains produced natto with a distinctive flavor, taste, or texture from those of typical Japanese itohiki-natto. These results showed that certain selected natto bacilli could produce natto characteristics never before seen in Japan.
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  • Chikako Arai, Yasuhiko Takei, Toshio Kunikata, Satomi Koya-Miyata, Kan ...
    2007 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 539-545
    Published: December 15, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have examined antidiabetic effects of water-extracts of the stems of Salacia reticulata (kothala himbutu) and the fruits of Emblica officinalis (anmaroku), and of homogenates of the stalks and leaves of Ipomoea batatas (suiou) using KK-Ay mice, which develop type II diabetes spontaneously. Male KK-Ay mice were fed solid CE-2 diets containing 3% (W/W) of each sample ad libitum for 5 weeks. Intake of Kothala himbutu significantly inhibited elevation of non-fasting blood glucose levels, and decreased food and water intake. Moreover, Kothala himbutu significantly suppressed blood insulin levels and HOMA-IR. In Suiou-fed mice, significant suppression of fasting blood glucose levels and HOMA-IR was observed, although the suppressive effect was lower than that of Kothala himbutu. At 5 weeks, only Kothala himbutu supplementation significantly decreased levels of HbA1c, compared with those of the control group. Histopathologically, degeneration of pancreatic islets and renal glomerular sclerosis were remarkably suppressed by Kothala himbutu supplementation. Suppression of renal glomerular sclerosis was also seen to a lesser extent in the Anmaroku and Suiou-fed mice. Thus, for its strong antidiabetic effect, Kothala himbutu may improve the disorders associated with diabetes. Our results further suggest that Suiou is an excellent daily food for regulating blood glucose due to the antidiabetic effect observed following use of the homogenates of its stalks and leaves.
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  • Jun Shimizu, Mariko Ozawa, Hiroshi Mano, Shigetsugu Okayasu, Masahiro ...
    2007 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 546-552
    Published: December 15, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To clarify the dietary function of crude rice glycosphingolipid (RG) extracted from rice bran with ethanol, mice were fed a diet containing 0.5% RG for 2 weeks, and the liver gene expression patterns were analyzed using DNA microarray. Dietary intake of RG did not affect expression of drug metabolism-related genes, showing that RG is unlikely to interact with drugs. Glycolysis-related gene expression was slightly increased, but tricarboxylic acid cycle-related gene expression was slightly decreased. As for lipid metabolismrelated genes, expression of carnitine acetyltransferase (Crat), which reversibly catalyzes production of acetylcarnitine from acetyl-CoA, was markedly increased. As for gene involved in energy metabolism, expression of P450 (Cyp) cytochrome 7a1, was increased. These findings suggested that RG, as a functional food material, promotes fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism by altering Crat and Cyp7a1 gene expression.
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Technical Report
  • Atsuhiko Takehara, Satoshi Fukuzaki
    2007 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 553-558
    Published: December 15, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We investigated the effects of hydroxide ion (OH-), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and food emulsifier on cleaning of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles fouled with catechin or bovine serum albumin (BSA) under moderate alkaline conditions. The efficiency of the removal of catechin or BSA increased depending on the OCl- concentration, and the synergistic action of OH- and OCl- was observed in the pH range of 10 to 12. The addition of food emulsifier to NaOH solutions could improve the efficiency of PET particle cleaning by lowering the surface tension of the NaOH solution. In addition, high-efficiency cleaning could be achieved by the combined use of food emulsifiers and NaOCl, even when NaOH solutions of moderate pHs of 11 to 12 were used. It was demonstrated that PET bottles stained by tea beverages could be more successfully cleaned using the detergent formulations suggested in this model experiment than a common detergent for glass bottles. It was demonstrated that the combined use of moderate concentrations of OH-, OCl-, and food emulsifiers can provide an adequate cleaning treatment for PET bottles.
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Research Notes
  • Yasushi Uda, Shoichi Yoshida, Masatoshi Goto, Hiroaki Egashira
    2007 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 559-562
    Published: December 15, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two kinds of cruciferous vegetables indigenous to Yamagata Prefecture, fujisawakabu and yukina, were characterized for their glucosinolate-derived volatiles, along with those from their pickled or salted products. Among the isothiocyanates detected in raw Fujisawakabu, 2-phenethyl isothiocyanate was the major pungent component. 3-Butenyl and 4-pentenyl isothiocyanates were detected with relatively lower amounts, while their corresponding toxic 1-cyanoepithioalkanes were the major volatile components. Although raw yukina had both 3-butenyl and 4-pentenyl isothiocyanates as the major pungent components, much larger amounts of nitriles, including 1-cyanoepithioalkanes were found in the volatiles. In contrast, amounts of the toxic 1-cyanoepithioalkanes were markedly reduced in both pickled fujisawakabu (fujisawakabu-zuke) and salted yukina (yukina-fusube-zuke), as the major volatile products formed from glucosinolates were the isothiocyanates found in the raw vegetables.
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  • Yusuke Saito, Shigenori Nishi, Hiroshi Koaze, Kazunori Hironaka, Michi ...
    2007 Volume 54 Issue 12 Pages 563-567
    Published: December 15, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 01, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Polyphenols were prepared from seven kinds of edible legumes in the family Fabaceae using a two-step extraction with 80% ethanol and 70% acetone. The resulting polyphenols were compared for antioxidant and inhibitory activity on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Adzuki bean contained the largest amount of polyphenols, followed by kidney bean, black gram, black soybean, green gram, and soybean. Antioxidant activity was significantly correlated with the concentrations of monomer- and oligomer-type polyphenols. Polyphenols from peas and soybean were mostly of the monomer-type and had little inhibitory activity against glycosidases. The oligomer-type comprised 67-76% of polyphenols from Adzuki bean, kidney bean, and black gram. Extracts from these legumes showed antioxidant and glycosidases inhibitory activity. Polyphenols from green gram and black soybean poorly inhibited α-amylase but effectively inhibited α-glucosidase. Legume oligomer-type polyphenols inhibit both α-amylase and α-glucosidase, but monomer-type polyphenols possess mainly antioxidant activity.
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Technical Term
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