In the 1980s Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE) were rare entities in Japan. However, over the past ten years, DVT and PTE have become more common and could result in fatal PTE, if not prevented and treated adequately in patients with major trauma, pregnancy, undergoing major orthopedic surgery or after a disaster. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and early success rates of catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) for acute DVT in Nihon University Itabashi Hospital Vascular Service and to review the literature regarding DVT⋅PTE management in disasters. Methods: Between 1995 and 2010, there were 194 patients with acute proximal DVT, of which 138 received unfractionated heparin and mechanical thromboprophylaxisis, 54 underwent CDT and 2 patients who underwent open thrombectomy. There were 92 men and 102 women with a median age of 58 years (range: 18 to 89 years). Results: The clinical characteristics were thrombophilia in 26 (13.4%), after surgery and immobility in 29, pregnancy in 13, steroids and hormone therapy in 10, cancer therapy in 13 and unknown causes in 75 (38.7%). One hundred and fifty-six patients were screened with pulmonary scintigraphy or post-contrast CT scan. Eighty of 156 patients (51.2%) were associated with PTE. Forty-five of 54 patients (85.4%) who underwent CDT were technically successful. On 23 Oct 2004, the strongest earthquake hit Niigata area and 100,000 people lost their homes. There were ten patients with PTE of which three died. If a catastrophic disaster were to suddenly occur around Tokyo, 6,500,000 people would spend the several days in small, confined spaces. It is estimated that 1,950,000 people would develop DVT and that 63 patients would suffer from fatal PTE. Conclusions: CDT is a safe and beneficial treatment for patients with acute proximal DVT. In a future catastrophic disaster, Nihon University Itabashi Hospital will be essential for the prevention and treatment of DVT and/or PTE in many patients.
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