On the distributing arteries to t h e palatine tonsil. the present author carries forwards a topographical summary and discusses it with results of the predecessors. Respective distribu t ing territory of each arterial branch in each species is made into tables 1 and 2.1. A. palatina ascendens The artery i s observed in human fetus and dog. Z u c k e rk and 1 ('06), Orleansky ('09) and Lund ('18, all by Maruoka)in human adult describe that distributing branches to the palatine tonsil rise most often from the artery. In general, peripheries of it supply the tonsil, as textbooks state. A d a c hi ('28) describes fully on the origin of the ascending palatine in his " Das Arteriensystem der Japaner, " as follows: Double ascending palatines are rarely observed. The artery rises via a common stem with the ascending pharyngeal on 10 cases (from the external carotid on 6, the occipital on 3, the facial on 1) in 123 exs., while separately from the ascending pharyngeal on 113 cases. In the latter the ascending palatine rises from the facial on 85 cases, the external carotid on 26, the occipital on 1 and the lingual on 1, respectively. The ascending palatine in human fetus by the present author rises from the facial on 22 cases in 25 exs. and from the external carotid on 3, but it is unable to observe any other sources as described by Adachi. In the case in which direct R. tonsillaris out of the facial is lacked, a twig of R. tonsillaris out of the ascending palatine or the branched periphery of the ramus, is distributed to the whole tonsil or its inferior half, replacing R. tonsillaris of the facial lacked with that of the ascending palatine. Kameda ('36) sta tes on the course and branching of the ascending palatine as follows : The artery rises from the facial, about 2 cm beyond its origin, and gives a twig to the medial pterygoid, ascending for a distance of about 2 cm at about a right angle with the stylohyoid, then beneath the pharyngeal orifice of the Eustachian tube divides into two, one of which is distributed to the canal and the soft palate, and the other to the superior 1/3 of the tonsil and the tonsillar cover proceeding anteromedially. While, a little thicker branch rising near the origin of the mother artery is distributed to the inferior 1/3 of the tonsil and the tonsillar cover, penetrating the superior pharyngeal constrictor. Observations in all cases by the present author are almost in accord with Kameda's description, with exception of distributing to the inferior 1/3 of the tonsil. Such distribution feature just as Kameda's is observed on ly in the cases in which R. tonsillaris of the facial is lacked. In dog, Ellenberger and Baum (1891) discribe two of ascending palatine arteries, but they do not touch about the branch to the tonsil. The present author observes various diverging fealures of the artery. The artery is found in most cases one in number, but also two in 9 cases. End of the artery (or one of the two) becomes R. tonsillaris.

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In the medulla of the mou s e thymus, there are found peculiar forms of reticular cells that have a ciliated vesicle in the cytoplasm. Histological and some hitochemical descriptions of these cells are given. The possibility that thymic ciliated cystic spaces of small size may develop from these structure is discussed.

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The axillary sweat glands (eccrine and apocrine glands) in ten Japanese children of ages varying from immediately after birth to 15 years, one embryo of 8 fetal months and one adult of 25 years were histochemically investigated by means of PAS technique and Perls Stied a's Berline-blue reactive method and the following results were obtained. 1. In the eccrine sweat glandular duct, the PAS positive substances with an extreme intensity were recognized in the glandular cells of the basement in only two cases during the infant period but PAS positive substances in the other portions were gradually and slightly increased in their qnantity with the advance of age. On the other hand, in the glandular duct of the apocrine sweat gland, PAS positive substances exsisted of but a trifle in the children before the first half of the school period. 2. The PAS positive substance s in the glandular cells of the eccrine sweat gland were numerous in the cytoplasm near the lumen during the new born period. After and at the infant period, the PAS positive substances were similarly abundant in the basal and surface cells or somewhat more numerously in the basal cells. In the children of school age, small granular PAS positive substances were recognizable in the surface cells. 3. The PAS positive substances in the intercellular canaliculi were recognized in children after the infant period and they were slightly increased with the advance of age. 4. The PAS positive substances that are intensively reactive in the brush border and cytoplasm of the glandular cells of the apocrine sweat gland, were recognizable during the later period of infant time, and they were various and numerous after the middle period of school age. Moreover, the contents of the glandular lumen were various and numerous after the middle period of school age. 5. In the myoepithelial cells, the PAS positive substances were recognized in the eccrine sweat gland of the whole cases examined and in the apocrine sweat gland of the children after the later period of school age. That is, the PAS positive substances in the children at the first half period of school age are observable in only one case in the apocrine sweat gland. 6. In the proper layer of the m ucosa the PAS positive substances were recognizable in the inner layer of the whole examined cases in both kinds of the sweat gland, and they were also observable in the outer layer of the cases after the infant period. 7. The iron positive substances were found in the cytoplasm just below the hyaline cuticular layer of the glandular cells of theapocrine sweat gland and in the contents of the glandular lumen in the persons after puberty.

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The authors obtained the f ollowing results on the eccrine sweat glands in palm and sole of embryos of the fifth to the ninth month.1. Alkaline phosphatase demonstrated by Gomori's revised method. The activity of the primordium of the duct is somewhat weak, but the activity of the primordium of the fundus is so strong that nuclei are hardly recognizable. In the sixth month, in the glands, of which lumen are formed, the activity of the basal cells of the secretory portions is strong both in the palm and the sole. Especially the nuclei show very strong activity. With the progress of the foetal months, the seventh, eighth and ninth month, the activity of the primordium of the duct and fundus decrease, but the activity of the superficial cells is moderate. The activity of nuclear membrane and karyoplasm is strong during the fifth to ninth month. 2. In the fifth month hardly any glycogen in the sweat glands is observed in the outer layer of the primordium of the duct and in the basal cells of the primordium of the fundus of the sweat glands, of which lumen has been formed.

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The author investigated the incidence and morphology of the preauricular groove in 60 male and 40 female Japanese macerated pelves, and the following results were obtained: 1) In the innominate bone, the preauricular groove was found far more frequently in Japanese and Indians than in the Whites in both sexes. 2) The incidence of the groove on the innominate bone was 100% in females and 91.1% in males. So the presence or abse nce of the groove has no significance for the sex determination of the innominate bone in Japanese. 3) When the gr o oves were classified into " Cavity type " and " Furrow type " in regard to its general shape, it was found t hat the former was more frequent in females and the latter in males. For the sex determination of the innominate bone, it is therefore suggested that the shape of the groove rather than its presence or absence should be taken into consideration. 4) Occasionally a shallow depression was observed at the posterior portion of the arcuate line close to the anterior angle of the auricular surface. This was revealed to be nothing but the structure for the insertion of the anterior sacro-iliac ligament. It was a little more frequently found in males than in females. 5) In the sacrum, the groove was unexpectedly frequent. It was narrow and shallow and not so marked as that of the innominate bone. The presence or absence of the groove can be used as a supplementary factor for the sex determination of the sacrum, so far as the sex difference in the incidence is statistically significant.

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