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76 巻, 6 号
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Hu YUAN, Minghua KE, Noboru GOTO, Jun GOTO, Kazumasa SUZUKI2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 277-284
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーMorphometric analysis of the human cervical large motoneurons in the anterior horn was performed in 7male cadavers with the help of an image-analyzer and the use of a new tissue preparation method which minimizes shrinkage. This method makes it possible to precisely evaluate the size of cervical motoneurons at each level. Our study revealed a difference in number, average area and total area of the motoneurons between C1-C3 and C4-C7 levels. This results can be of importance in setting standard values for the understanding of morphological and functional correlations.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1933K) -
Kazumasa SUZUKI, Naoki SHIRAISHI, Noboru GOTO, Masataka SUZUKI, Naoko ...2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 285-290
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーThe aim of the present study is to analyse unmyelinated nerve fibres of the human lesser splanchnic nerve in relation to the ageing process. With the help of an image-analyser, we examined 30 human lesser splanchnic nerves. The analysis was conducted with the use of a new staining method that makes it possible to discriminate various structures of the nervous tissue. Our report provides for the first time information on the ageing process of the human lesser splanchnic nerve fibres. The results indicate that a decrease in transverse area and perimeter of unmyelinated axons is one of the important changes occurring in the human lesser splanchnic nerve during the ageing process.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1245K) -
Yasutomo IWAI-LIAO, Shunii KUMABE, Masaki TAKEUCHI, Yoshikage HIGASHI2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 291-301
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーIn previous study of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) cell development in the proliferating pars intermedia, which is in close apposition to the presumptive pars nervosa, no direct cell-to-cell contact was found between the boundary neurohypophyseal pituicytes (PIC), adenohypophyseal precursor stem cells (PSC) and the related diencephalic mesenchymal cells. Here, we have used immunohistochemistry to examine cytokine expression in the development of the hypophysis during foetal stages II-IV. Light and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated diffuse expression of both TGFα and EGF in the hypophysis at different foetal. stages. While no findings indicative for tempo rary changes of TGFα and EGF patterns were found in the foetal hypophysis, a temporary increment of EGF molecules was distinct in the diencephalic mesenchyme at stages III and IV. On the other hand, light microscopy intensively immunolocalised EGFR in the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis at different developmental stages. Immunoreactivity of EGFR in the cytoplasm and nucleus suggested active proliferative events in the PIC and PSC of stages II-IV mouse pituitaries.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3963K) -
Koh NAKAJIMA, Grant TOWNSEND, Soichiro TOMO, Yosinobu IDE, Kazuhiko OK ...2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 303-310
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーAn analysis of the laminations of the masseteric, zygomaticomandibular and temporalis muscles of the Red Kangaroo (Macropus Rufus) and all of the masticatory muscles of the Eastern Gray Kangaroo (Macropus Giganteus)was carried out based on their innervation. The masseteric muscle was divided into superficial and deep layers; the superficial layer was further subdivided into three laminae from the rostro-lateral portion to caudo-internal portion. The deep layer was divided into lateral, caudo-internal and rostro-internal laminae. The zygomaticomandibular muscle which was located between the masseteric and temporal muscles was divided into lateral, internal and rostral laminae, on the basis of its innervation. The lateral and internal laminae were innervated by the nerve which arises between the masseteric nerve and the posterior deep temporal nerve. A small rostral portion of the muscle was innervated by masseteric nerves, which passed through the internal lamina of the deep layer of the masseteric muscle. The temporalis muscle was innervated by an anterior deep temporal nerve and posterior deep temporal nerve. Only the most rostrointernal lamina of the temporalis muscle was innervated by the anterior deep temporal nerve. The anterior deep temporal nerve and lateral pterygoid nerve had a common trunk. We believe that the rostro-internal lamina was closely related to the lateral pterygoid muscle. The lateral pterygoid muscle displayed one lamina, whereas the medial pterygoid muscle was divided into internal and lateral laminae. The lateral lamina was further divided into rostro-internal and caudo-lateral laminae.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1962K) -
Kazuyoshi SAKAI, Shizuko YAMADA, Keiki YAMADA2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 311-319
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーChanges in the parafollicular cells in the thyroid gland of ovariectomized rats were investigated to clarify the relationship between the secretory function of sex hormones and that of parafollicular cells. Compared with control rats, the ovariectomized rats exhibited decreases in 1) the number of parafollicular cells in the thyroid glands,2) the number of secretory granules in the parafollicular cells, and 3) the area occupied by the Golgi complex. These results suggest that the lack of estrogen caused by ovariectomy reduces the synthesis and release of calcitonin in parafollicular cells, which may be one of the causes of osteoporosis.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2887K) -
Kunio HASHIGUCHI, Kenji HASHIMOTO2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 321-333
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーSpectra of human dental enamel was recorded in the 200-400 nm UV region. It showed the weak band at 280 nm which were present in enamel protein. Excimer laser are gas lasers which emit light with photochemical decomposition. The wavelength depends on the 248 nm with krypton-fluoride. The enamel surfaces of extracted human teeth were exposed to KrF excimer laser by an energy density range from 29.6 to 3200 J/cm2. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes with photo chemical reaction in enamel by light microscopy, SEM and X ray diffraction method. Results of analyses suggested that the observed changes of enamel exposed to this laser were the α and βtricalcium phosphate (TCP) phase in small amounts. No histological changes were observed in grain boundaries of cross sectoined lased enamel under light microscopy. The SEM examination revealed a roughened surface with bubble formation at 800-3200 J/cm2. SEM of etched enamel surface with 0.1 N HCI after laser irradiation at 400-800 J/cm2showed the extension along the length of the rods. At 1600-3200 T/cm2, there appeared to be a melting of prism structures, because of conversion of photon energy into thermal energy. These results showed the KrF excimer laser irradiation to dental enamel might be a new type of treatment modality and diagnosis in preventive dentistry.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4159K) -
A Silicon Mold ApproachDugarjaviin MANGLAI, Rvuichi WADA, Hideki ENDO, Masamichi KUROHMARU, T ...2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 335-346
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーThe characteristics of the equine auditory tube diverticulum (guttural pouches) were studied in detail by the naked eye and silicon mold method. First, we examined the anatomical relationship between the guttural pouches and their associated bones and muscles. Secondly, a silicon mold was fabricated to clarify the three-dimensional aspect of the guttural pouches, paying a special attention to the distribution of major arteries and nerves surrounding it. Thirdly, the volume of the silicon mold was measured by immersing it in water. The guttural pouches are a pair of pouches located dorso-posteriorly to the posterior pharynx. The pouches had a close contact rostrally with the Os sphenoidale, ventrally with the pharynx and the esophagus, and caudally with the Articulatio atlantoaxialis. The left and right guttural pouches had almost the same capacity in each horse. The A. carotis interna, cranial ganglia of cervical nerves and cervical Truntus sympathicus, as well as the N. vagus, N. glossopharyngeus, N. hypoglossus, and Radices spinales of the N. accessorius, were present in the mucosal crease extending from the roof of the guttural pouches towards the middle of the caudal wall. The N. facialis appeared from the Foramen stylomastoideum ran dorsocaudally along the lateral recess. The N. mandibularis appeared from the Foramen lacerum went over the muscular process of an ear bone, ran along the roof of the lateral recess and finally continued with the rostral side of the guttural pouches. Lymph nodes, scattered on the mucosal surface, appeared as tiny indentations with approximately millet seed size on the silicon surface. The capacity of guttural pouches in adult horses (472±12.4cm3)was three-fold larger than that in foals (145±9.4m3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4192K) -
A Vestigeal Part of the Dorsoepitrochlearis?Htar Htar AUNG, Hirokazu SAKAMOTO, Keiichi AKITA, Tatsuo SATO2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 347-352
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーDuring dissection, an aberrant muscular nerve to the small part of the latissimus dorsi arising from the posterior brachial cutaneous nerve was found. Based on the findings of the form and the innervation, the small part is considered to be a vestige of the dorsoepitrochlearis in mammals. It is suggested that the posterior brachial cutaneous nerve is derived from the nerve to the dorsoepitrochlearis (Kasai et al.,1989, Acta Anat Nippon 64: 255-266). This case may be indirect evidence indicating one of the patterns of development of cutaneous nerves in man.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1306K) -
Iwao SATO, Kiyoshi KONISHI, Akiko MIKAMI, Toru SATO2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 353-361
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーDevelopment of mitochondria in rat brain cortex was investigated in terms of mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activities, and structural and numerical developments of mitochondria. Measurements of succinate-O2 and NADH-O oxidoreductase activities of mitochondria resulted in simultaneous changes of activities in postnatal rat. Both oxidoreductase activities were still low at 0-5 days old, increased until 15 days, decreased slightly at 21 days and drastically in adult mitochondria. In morphological study, the cross-sectional area of mitochondrion per cell increased gradually until 21 days old, but decreased drastically in adult. The area of a mitochondrion at 5 days increased about 1.5-fold in comparison with that at 0 days, and maintained at 15 and 21 days. However, the values of area of one mitochondrion from 10 days and adult are about half of a maximum value (21 days). Numbers of mitochondrion per cell were still low at 0-5 days, and high constantly (about twice) at 10-21 days. These findings suggest that the organelle division of mitochondria may be carried out at 5-10 days postnatal. The number of adult rat mitochondria decreased slightly. The small and undeveloped mitochondria were observed at 0 day postnatal by use of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, during development from 5 days postnatal, larger and elongated mitochondria were observed, and the maximal complexity of structure of cristae is observed at 15 days and 21 days by TEM. In adult cortex, the small mitochondria were also observed with compact and dense cristae. Our results indicate that the changes of activities of mitochondrial respiratory enzymes in rat cortex is good correlated with the structural maturation of mitochondria.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2486K) -
Takahisa NAKAI, Noboru GOTO, Hiroshi MORIYAMA, Naoki SHIRAISHI, Naoko ...2000 年 76 巻 6 号 p. 363-367
発行日: 2000/03/21
公開日: 2012/09/24
ジャーナル フリーAfter a morphometric analysis of nerve fibers of the human recurrent laryngeal nerve, which is connected with phonation, the authors discovered several changes occurring in the axon during the aging process. These changes are mainly the disappearance of large axons and a slenderisation of all remaining axons. This is the first time that such observation has been made.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1002K)
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