Okajimas Folia Anatomica Japonica
Online ISSN : 1881-1736
Print ISSN : 0030-154X
ISSN-L : 0030-154X
77 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • Shoichi EMURA, Akira TAMADA, Daisuke HAYAKAWA, Huayue CHEN, Shizuko SH ...
    2000 年 77 巻 5 号 p. 137-141
    発行日: 2000/12/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The dorsal lingual surface of a bush dog (Speothos venaticus) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tongue was about 7 cm in length. Filiform, fungiform and vallate papillae were found. The filiform papillae were distributed over the entire dorsal surface-of the tongue. Each filiform papillae on the apical surface of the tongue had several conical processes, in the midportion were larger than those on the apex in size. In the region of the vallate papillae, the filiform papillae had not the conical processes and more larger than those on the midportion of the tongue. The fungiform papillae were present rounded bodies and more densely distributed on the tip of the ligual apex. There were 5 vallate papillae on both sides. The vallate papillae were located on both sides of the posterior end of the lingual body. Each papilla was surrounded by a groove and a crescent pad. In the dorsal surfaces of the papillae, small conical papillae were observed.
  • Hu YUAN, Noboru GOTO, Hiroshi AKITA, Jun GOTO, Shùn Róng ...
    2000 年 77 巻 5 号 p. 143-148
    発行日: 2000/12/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    There have been few morphometric studies on the size of the motoneurons of the human spinal cord. The purpose of the present study is to report the differences in the size of the motoneurons between males and females in the human spinal cord. We examined numbers and transverse cell body areas of the motoneurons of the anterior horn using 16 male and 21 female human spinal cords at levels C5 and L3. The sizes of the motoneurons were larger in males than in females, but their numbers were practically the same. These results can be of great importance in setting standard values for the understanding of morphological and functional correlations.
  • Masato ABE, Gen MURAKAMI, Seishu ABE, Yasunori SAKAKURA, Toshihiko YAJ ...
    2000 年 77 巻 5 号 p. 149-154
    発行日: 2000/12/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    We investigated the morphology of the non-perforating cervical cutaneous branch in the lateral cervical triangle using 65 (130 sides) donated cadavers. We found the branch in 104 of the entire 130 sides (80.0%). In the majority (72.1%), the cutanous branch did not cross the clavicle or acromion but supplied the dorsolateral cervical area. The branch was originated from the superficial cervical artery close to the posterior belly of the omohyoideus muscle and immediately lateral to the external jugular vein. The comitant vein, if present, drained into the external jugular vein. Our observations and measurements (length and diameter) suggested that the non-perforating cutaneous branch is useful for a pedicle of the dorsolateral cervical flap in Japanese people. However, detailed morphologies differ from the previous studies published in western countries.
  • Rieko KOMINAMI, Satoru YASUTAKA, Yutaka TANIGUCHI, Harumichi SHINOHARA
    2000 年 77 巻 5 号 p. 155-160
    発行日: 2000/12/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Five human specimens of the lacrimal canaliculus and sac were examined by light and scanning electron microsopy. The superior and inferior lacrimal canaliculi are lined with stratified squamous epithelium that is nonkeratinized and non-mucin-producing. The common canaliculus is also lined with stratified squamous epithelium, but its lumen is much narrower than the lumen of the superior and inferior canaliculi. The common canaliculus opens into an ample space called the vestibule, where the epithelium changes to high pseudostratified columnar and then low pseudostratified columnar. The vestibule continues to the infundibulum of the lacrimal sac. The infundibulum is formed by several epithelial folds that radiate from the vestibular opening to the lacrimal sac. The vestibule and infundibulum are consistent transitional structures from the common canaliculus to the lacrimal sac. The connective tissue of the lamina propria from the common canaliculus to the lacrimal sac has two histological characteristics: numerous free cell aggregates (= lymphoid structure) and numerous venules and capillaries (= cavernous structure).
  • Junji ITO, Naoki SHIRAISHI, Makoto UMINO, Tadanao KIMURA, Hiroshi AKIT ...
    2000 年 77 巻 5 号 p. 161-166
    発行日: 2000/12/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Morphological features of the hind limb muscles reflect the muscular function correlating with the locomotion. In this study, the muscles of the baboon hind limb were weighed and the relative muscle weights were compared with those of the human lower extremity. In the baboon, the biceps femoris was the largest (11.60%) and the vastus lateralis (10.67%) was placed second. The gluteus medius (8.55%) among the hip muscles and the gastrocnemius (4.38%) among the leg muscles were predominant in each segment. The relative weights of the gluteus medius and the biceps femoris were especially larger in the baboon than in the human, while the gluteus maximus and the soleus were larger in the human. The baboon gluteus medius and biceps femoris chiefly generate the propulsive power during quadrupedal locomotion and the human soleus is essential for the erect bipedalism.
  • Tamotsu KAI, Hisanori NISHIZONO, Kazuo KIMURA
    2000 年 77 巻 5 号 p. 167-179
    発行日: 2000/12/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The fiber arrangement of the rat splenic capsule was examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM)after selective removal by chemical maceration of capsule components, in conjunction with examination of thin sections using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). TEM findings were compared to those of the guinea-pig, mouse and dog.
    Serosal cells of the rat splenic capsule showed labyrinthic channels that consisted of expanded intercellular spaces and tunnel-like spaces or slits in the basal cytoplasm. The channels contained fascicles of collagenous fibrils, forming a loose net on an underlying elastic lamina of densely aggregated elastic fibers. The fibrous tunica was an intermingled layer of elastic and collagenous fibers and sparse interstitial cells. The fibrous components were arranged more densly in the external layer than in the internal layer of the capsule. The elastic lamina comprised the outermost layer of the fibrous tunica in the intertrabecular region, but was situated deep in the trabecular region. Outward branches of the lamina in the trabecular region were arranged in a spiral. Intrachannel fibrillar fascicles were continuous, via fenestrations in the elastic lamina, with thick fascicles of collagenous fibers. The elastic lamina may play a role in effective contraction of whole spleen. In the guinea-pig, mouse and dog, elastic fibers were fragmented and not arranged in laminae. Typical smooth muscle cells were abundant in the dog.
    The channel spaces in the serosal tunica are discussed from the viewpoint of extravascular lymphatic flow for circulation of the peritoneal serous fluid.
  • Tsuyoshi KANETO, Qiang XIE, Masahiro ITO, Takanobu SAKURAI, Irawan SAT ...
    2000 年 77 巻 5 号 p. 181-188
    発行日: 2000/12/20
    公開日: 2012/09/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    The effects of prenatal X-irradiation on hypoglossal (XII) nucleus were investigated in the rat. Pregnant animals were exposed to a single whole body X-irradiation on day 11 and 16 of gestation at a does of 1.3 Gy. The offspring were killed at 7-14 days of age for the histological and immunohistochemical observations. Nissl staining revealed no significant changes of XII motoneurons in these experimental animals. In the control case it was of interest that expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactivity (GFAP-IR) is largely confined to the dorsomedial region including the XII nucleus at the level caudal to the obex. Exposure of X-irradiation on day 16 of gestation led to similar expression of GFAP-IR in the nucleus at the same level. However, exposure on day 11 of gestation apparently led to strong expression of GFAP-IR in the XII nucleus at the level caudal to the obex and the expression was observed to extend rostrally. The GFAP-IR cells showed hypertrophy of cell bodies and longer cytoplasmic processes. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injection into the tip of the tongue including the intrinsic muscles resulted in retrograde labeling in the ventromedial portion of the XII nucleus bilaterally from +0.30 to -1.25 mm. The present study would indicate that motoneurons of the XII nucleus supplying mainly the intrinsic and partly the extrinsic tongue muscles are more sensitive to X-ray exposure before the formation of the XII nucleus.
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