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Volume 78 (2001 - 200･･･
- Issue 6 Pages 223-
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Volume 78, Issue 1
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Shuang LU, Noboru GOTO, Jun GOTO, Nobuhiro TAJIMA, Hiroyuki ISHIKAWA2001 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: May 21, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMyelinated axons of the human vagus nerve were analyzed morphometrically on 30 cadavers (16 males and 14 females). The result showed that the transverse area and perimeter of myelinated axons decreased with age, although the total number of their axons did not change.View full abstractDownload PDF (1438K) -
Keisuke FUNAKOSHI2001 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 7-16
Published: May 21, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have identified an artery which is a sub-branch of the inferior alveolar artery, and propose to call it the temporomandibular branch.
Mandibular bones of 36 autopsy cases (ages 23-85; 20 males and 16 females) were examined. Contrast media were injected into the inferior alveolar artery, decalcification was conducted, and photographs were taken using soft X-ray equipment (Softex: Nippon Softex, co. CSM type). Then, an examination was conducted concerning sclerosis of these arteries.
Next, H. E., Azan, and Pap silver stains were used for microscopic specimens to examine arteriosclerosis of the temporomandibular joint.
The artery that sub-branches toward the temporomandibular branch, branches out immediately after the inferior alveolar artery and enters the mandibular foramen, becoming the artery that supplies the temporomandibular joint. This temporomandibular branch travels slightly downward, forward of the inferior alveolar artery, and turns back toward the mandibular base. It advances to the mandibular joint almost directly. The route taken was classified into three types. Toward the head of the mandible, the temporomandibular branch, after passing over the neck of the mandible, divides into two sub-branches, anterior and posterior. In our pathological study of the temporomandibular branch, there were a small number of cases with slight intimal thickening and mild elastosis. As regards sderotic changes, particularly in cases more than 50 years old. There were very few cases showing intimal changes. Sclerotic changes of the artery supplying the head of the mandible increase with age. The same can be said of the about the constriction rate. These findings correlated with subject age.View full abstractDownload PDF (2483K) -
Sadae WAKIGUCHI, Hiroshi YAMAGUCHI, Yoshinobu NAGAOKA, Shintaro MIYAMO ...2001 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 17-21
Published: May 21, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter preparing the frontal section including the origin of the left portal trunk at the hilar region, the left anatomical lobes of 111 human livers were dissected to reveal the segmental configuration based on the supplying portal vein branches. S2 was consistently located dorsal to S3. However, in contrast to the description in common textbooks for medical students,19.8% of the specimens carried a paradoxical segmental configuration showing a "caudal and/or rightward" S2 in combination with a "cranial and/or leftward" S3 in the frontal section through the ventral part of the hilar region. The caudal and rightward cases were associated with a specific arrangement of S2 and S3 segmental stems in which the S3 stem ran relatively upward to spread over S2 or both stems ran almost horizontal, respectively. In routine diagnostic radiology, identification of S2 and S3 might sometimes be biased by the generally accepted notion that S2 should be located at the dorsal, cranial and left side of S3.View full abstractDownload PDF (1951K) -
Ichiro HASHIMOTO, Gen MURAKAMI, Hideki NAKANISHI, Hiromi SAKATA-HAGA, ...2001 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 23-30
Published: May 21, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the cutaneous blood supply in the gluteal and perineal regions of 35 donated cadavers to provide an anatomical basis for reliable vulvo-vaginal reconstruction using a skin flap such as the so-called gluteal fold flap. The cutaneous areas along the gluteal cleft and sulcus were likely to be supplied by 3 routes: 1) the internal pudendal artery (IPA), especially its first cutaneous branch; 2) perforators running through the gluteus maximus musde and arising from the inferior gluteal artery (IGA); and 3) a non-perforator running around and inferior to the ischial tuberosity and originating from the IGA. Route 1 supplied the skin along the gluteal cleft, route 2 the gluteal fold (i. e., a bulky skin fold along the upper edge of the gluteal sulcus), and route 3, just along the gluteal sulcus. In those 3 routes, we noted the consistent morphology of the thick and long, first cutaneous branch of the IPA.
The first arterial branch,1.5 mm in diameter at its origin on average (ranging from 0.7-2.6 mm), usually originated from the IPA under the cover of or at the inferomedial or distal side of the sacrotuberous ligament (almost always less than 20 mm from the inferomedial margin of the ligament). The branch ran superomedially toward the coccyx or ran medially in the ischiorectal fat. It accompanied the vein and nerve at its distal (peripheral) course although the nerve often ran independently at its proxomal course near the ligament. Therefore, the first branch of the IPA seems to provide a reliable pedicle using the skin along the gluteal cleft whether the incision for approach is conducted along the gluteal sulcus or not. However, if the gluteus maximus muscle extended much inferomedially, the pedide would be very short. In this case, preparation of the pedicle seems to be necessary along the arterial course under the cover of the muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (2550K) -
Makoto MIZUTANI, Michiya UTSUMI, Keiichi MORIGUCHI, Hisahide TAKAHASHI ...2001 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 31-37
Published: May 21, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDystrophic hamster has been regarded as the useful model animal for Severe childhood autosomal recessive muscular dystrophy (SCARMD). Although, many studies on Dystrophic hamster have utilized the muscular tissue of the trunk, however no study have been analyzed for the masticatory muscle. For this study, we used a Dystrophic hamster (UM-X7.1 Syrian hamster) to histochemically investigate the effect of muscular dystrophy on the masseter muscle. Large and small regenerated muscle fibers, and necrotic fibers were detected almost in all areas. Opaque fiber, hypertrophic fiber with fiber splitting structure and necrotic fiber filled up by mononuclear phagocytes were recognized. The region, in which the mononuclear phagocytic cells infiltrated, showed strong positivity to acid phosphatase, and lysosome enzyme. There were many muscle fibers with reduced levels of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities in the muscle fiber. Some TUNEL-positive cells were confirmed in both necrotic and non-necrotic areas. It was suggested that a part of TUNEL-positive cells are the cells originated from the connective tissue or immunocytes. In this result, histopathologic changes of the masseter muscle of the UM-X7.1 Syrian hamster was similar to muscle of the body trunk in the past reports. As the result, it was suggested that jaw closing movements may be negatively affected caused by the decline of the masseter muscle twitch. And, the point of view by which apoptosis is the trigger for the muscle fiber collapse were not seen in the Dystrophic hamster masseter muscle. We suggest that apoptosis is a one step in the process of regeneration of muscle fibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (3266K) -
Kazuhiko OKA, Noboru GOTO, Naoko NONAKA, Jun GOTO, Takamasa TSURUMI2001 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 39-41
Published: May 21, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe morphometrically analyzed nerve fibers of the human mandibular nerve with a discriminative staining method that makes it possible to separate nerve fibers into myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. We counted numbers and transverse areas of myelinated axons under the microscope using an on-line image-analyzer. This study revealed the morphometric changes which affect the human mandibular nerve during the aging process.View full abstractDownload PDF (1035K) -
Kunio HASHIGUCHI, Kenji HASHIMOTO, Masaru AKAO2001 Volume 78 Issue 1 Pages 43-48
Published: May 21, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: September 24, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the ultrastructure of saiga-antelope (Saiga tatarica) horn for proposing the mechanism of the initial mineralization. Horn is derived from horny tooth of Cyclostomata. The minerals in saiga horn were identified crystallographically using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Soft X-ray photographs revealed the degree of the mineralization pattern. However, the number of rings did not indicate the age of saiga. Mineral deposites were observed among well banded keratin fibers and composed of powder like crystals. This deposited crystals were found by the X-ray diffraction method to be octacalcium phospate (OCP) by comparing these periodic lattice fringes to JCPDS card data The chemical formula of OCP is Ca8H2(PO4)6 5H2O. Evidences for the presence of OCP in mature hard tissues have never been obtained. This phenomenon described here may be characteristic of saiga horn because we have found no reports on this type of OCP mineralization in any other animal species. It is possible that OCP is the precursor in the initial mineralization step, indicating in a nucleation of mineral on the keratin fibers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1680K)
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