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Volume 89 (2012)
- Issue 4 Pages 93-
- Issue 3 Pages 57-
- Issue 2 Pages 27-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
Volume 89, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Munetaka NAITOH, Hiroko KINOSHITA, Kenichi GOTOH, Eiichiro ARIJI2012 Volume 89 Issue 2 Pages 27-33
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObjective: Phantoms with simulating mandibular trabecular bone structure fabricated using micro-stereolithography were applied for a quantitative evaluation of cone-beam computed tomography (CT) images.
Materials and Methods: Phantoms with a three-dimensional lattice, in which a square pillar was set at 0.10, 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40 mm at the edge, spaced at 0.60 mm, were made of an acrylic resin using micro-stereolithography. Cone-beam CT with a 0.1 mm-cubic voxel was then performed, and a plot profile of voxel values was analyzed.
Results: The plot profiles of seven peaks corresponding to pillars in phantoms with 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40 mm-pillars were visually observed in cone-beam CT images. However, peaks of corresponding pillars in the 0.10 mm-pillar phantom could not be distinguished. The differences between average measured and designed distance were very small.
Conclusion: Cone-beam CT images of phantoms with 0.20, 0.30 and 0.40 mm-pillars fabricated using microstereolithography were obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1556K) -
Hideki OHNO, Yoko KOWATARI, Masao OWAKI, Joji OHTA, Naoshi NAKAJIMA, K ...2012 Volume 89 Issue 2 Pages 35-38
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fibroblasts obtained from beagle dogs were cultured in basal medium containing different concentrations of 1 to 10-3 µM 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and in basal medium itself as a control. It was demonstrated that DHT promoted cell proliferation activity, expression of androgen receptor, and collagen synthesis in ACL fibroblasts as compared with control. These results suggest that sex hormones are involved in the sex difference seen in ACL rupture of dogs.View full abstractDownload PDF (2032K) -
Toshihiro KONNO, Kouichi WATANABE2012 Volume 89 Issue 2 Pages 39-45
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn domestic animals, the legs function in both postural maintenance and propulsion. The crural muscles participate in actions of the tarsal and toe joints. Mammalian skeletal muscles consist of myofibers, which are histochemically classified into three myofiber types, slow-twitch/oxidative (SO) or type I, fast-twitch/oxidative/glycolytic (FOG) or type IIA, and fast-twitch/glycolytic (FG) or type IIB myofibers. The histochemical characteristics of myofiber types reflect an aspect of function that myofibers possess. In the present study, we investigated the composition and average diameter of myofiber types of each muscle in crus of sheep and determined their roles in the movement of tarsal and toe joints. The tibialis cranialis muscle was a flat unipennate muscle and not capable to generate a large tension; however, it could function primarily in posture maintenance and play a cooperative role in adjusting standing posture. The flexor hallucis longus and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles were the major muscles that contributed to posture maintenance in leg musculature. These muscles were capable to generate a large tension and participate primarily in standing posture maintenance. The composition and diameter of myofiber types in ovine crural musculature reflected the role of each muscle in posture maintenance and locomotion.View full abstractDownload PDF (809K) -
Akio HIURA, Hiroshi NAKAGAWA2012 Volume 89 Issue 2 Pages 47-50
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pattern of innervation of capsaicin receptor, TRPV1-(transient receptor protein vanilloid 1), PGP 9.5-(protein gene product, a marker of peripheral nerve fibers)-, and CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide)-immunoreactive (IR) nerve fibers was examined by immunohistological staining of whole mount preparations of the adult rat cornea. The outer corneoscleral limbus toward the central cornea in the subepithelial (stromal) layer was richly innervated by a meshwork of PGP- and CGRP-IR nerve fibers. Sparse innervation was observed in the central cornea, presumably owing to insufficient staining. Dense innervation of TRPV1-IR nerve fibers were demonstrated in addition to innervation of PGP- and CGRP-IR nerve fibers, running from the corneoscleral margin to the central cornea. Although the density of TRPV1-IR nerve fibers appeared to gradually diminish, immunostaining of TRPV1-IR nerve fibers was not as clear as that of PGP- and CGRP-IR nerve fibers. The TRPV1-IR nerve fibers appeared to be thinner than the PGP- and CGRP-IR nerve fibers. The TRPV1-IR leash fibers were observed in the basal epithelial layer, presumably ensuring effective corneal reflex, response to noxious stimuli, and repair of cornea injury.View full abstractDownload PDF (950K) -
Toshihiro KONNO, Kouichi WATANABE2012 Volume 89 Issue 2 Pages 51-56
Published: 2012
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antebrachium of domestic animals supports the trunk against gravity and generates propulsive force. The antigravity action of antebrachium is attributed to the contraction of flexor muscles of the carpal and digital joints. Mammalian skeletal muscles consist of myofibers, which are histochemically classified into type I, type IIA, and type IIB myofibers, of which composition reflects the proportional involvement of the muscle in varying function, such as posture maintenance and locomotion. The physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA), which are calculated from muscle volume, myofiber length, and pennation angle, reflects the maximum force of muscle. In the present study, we evaluated the PCSA of myofiber types in the antebrachial musculature and determined the magnitude of contribution from individual muscles toward varying actions of carpal and digital joints. The extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum superficialis muscles possessed a large proportional PCSA of type I myofibers, indicating the role for these muscles in maintaining a standing posture. The additional force required for walking/running was primarily provided by the flexor digitorum profundus caput humerale and extensor carpi radialis muscles. The proportional PCSA of myofiber types reflected the force generated for varying muscular function and provided insights into the dynamics of carpal and digital joints.View full abstractDownload PDF (1020K)
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