This is a report on the Kansai Education Expo held in Tennoji Park in Osaka City in the summer of 1913. This exposition was a significant exposition as the first exposition in Japan with the theme of education as the theme. However, until now,little attention has been paid. Therefore, there are few studies and reports on this exposition. Therefore, in this paper, we will investigate and report on the history of the Kansai Educational Expo and the organization and the outline of the exhibition projects held at the exposition. In addition, we examined how the distinguished families in Osaka was involved in the Kansai Educational Expo.

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After the transfer of the capital to Nagaoka-kyo in 784, the archaeological evidences of Naniwa area were divided into two districts, around the Okawa River waterfront and around Shitenno-ji Temple. In these two districts the construction of the city toward the Middle Ages began. In contrast to such movements, the representative example which indicates the declining elements accompanied with the transfer of the capital is the clear decrease of remains of Saikudani Site, located near by the ancient temple “Kudara-niji”. 　In this paper, the author indicated new fact by comparative study of pottery and roof tiles excavated from Saikudani Site and Tanabe Haiji Site which are considered to be included in the range of “Kudara Gun”Kudara-ji Temple Site in Katano area, another base of Kudaranokonikishi clan in Kawachi-no-Kuni. The author clarified that the formation of streets with east and west, north and south were constructed in Kinyahonmachi Site which was the management foundation of Kudara-ji Temple in Katano area from the first half of the 8th century through re-investigating the chronological study of pottery. The movements in these two bases of Kudaranokonikishi clan before and after the transfer of the capital to Nagaoka-kyo will be important clues to know the background behind the historical great enterprise, the transfer of the capital.

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In the basement of Osaka castle town, ruins of medieval, ancient, and Yayoi era are buried. 　This report restores the landscape of Osaka before Osaka castle town was built based on the distribution of ruins of each era. 　And from the distribution of ruins of each era, we will clarify the development process to the Osaka castle town in the modern age.

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　In this paper, distributions of the metal industry, a metal device, vehicles and vessel industry of Osaka are considered, and three models are presented. 　The first type is an east-and-west belt type looked at by casting and metallurgy, a blacksmith, and metal recycling business.These industries are distributed from a littoral district to Senba and the Uemachi upland in the direction of east and west. 　The second is a seaside type. Shipbuilding and ship's-fittings industry correspond to this type. A triangle is formed by the junction of Kizu-gawa and Aji-gawa, the position of Osaka Iron factory, and the position of the Fujinagata shipyard. The industry of a boiler and ship's fittings clustered in this zone where the shipbuilding industry had progressed as the core. As the result, the complex commerce-and-industry zone was formed at seaside. 　The 3rd type is a city outer edge type. Tin, aluminum and enamel industry, bicycle manufacture, Jinrikisya, umbrella manufacture,and thermos manufacture correspond to this type. As for such industries, the factory area is formed on the outside of the city area where population crowds. As it moves from the outer edge of the city to the center it changes from a mere factory to the factory with the function of wholesale and retail. 　The seaside type and a city outer edge type appear in modernization in contrast with the east-and-west belt type having been formed in the prosperous area of the metal industry since Edo period.

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Shigino Village（鴫野村）, part of Settsu Province（摂津国）, was located to the northeast of Osaka Castle. This collection of documents has two features. Firstly, it includes many village administration documents from the early 17th century to the early 18th century. Secondly, there are also many documents related to the ‘Shita-souji’（下掃除, referring to the disposal of human waste) in Osaka Castle. Although research on the disposal and distribution of human waste in Osaka has focused mainly on the commoner areas（ 町人地）, the situation inside Osaka Castle, where large groups of samurai were stationed,has not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, I analyzed the ‘Shushi ninbetsu cho’（ 宗旨人別帳, Register of Religious Affiliation) of 1685 (Jōkyō 2), in order to provide an overview of the social structure of the village. The analysis confirmed that impoverished peasants accounted for half of the village population. I suggest that this may be related to the instability of the cultivated lands along the Yodo River, due to frequent floods. It may also be related to the fact that farmers in neighboring villages owned fields in Shigano. This leaves room for future research on how people made their livelihoods. Under such conditions, the ‘Shita-souji’ in Osaka Castle was an important source of income for Shigino Village. In this paper,I showed that from the end of the 17th century to the beginning of the 18th century, the villagers who engaged in ‘Shita-souji’ were those who had holdings of less than 5 koku, or had been completely alienated from land ownership. I also showed that there was a competition over ‘Shita-souji’ rights between these villagers, those from other villages, and contractors.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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