Oral Science International
Online ISSN : 1881-4204
Print ISSN : 1348-8643
Volume 4, Issue 2
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
REVIEW ARTICLE
  • Toshiyuki Yoneda
    2007 Volume 4 Issue 2 Pages 63-72
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 21, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Bone is one of the most preferential metastatic target sites for cancers such as breast, prostate and lung cancers. Although the precise molecular mechanism underlying this preference needs to be elucidated, bone appears to possess unique biological microenvironments that allow circulating cancer cells to home, proliferate and survive. As a consequence of cancer expansion, cellular and molecular homeostasis of bone microenvironments is disturbed and bone is destroyed, leading to the development of bone metastases. Thus, understanding of the crosstalk between cancer cells and bone is critical to design mechanism-based effective and specific therapeutic interventions for bone metastases.
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
  • Correlation with Growth Factor- and Cytokine-mediated Cell Migration in vitro
    Katsumi Muraoka, Kazuhiko Okumura, Hiroyuki Kitajo, Hidetaka Kato, Mak ...
    2007 Volume 4 Issue 2 Pages 73-85
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 21, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Metastasis is the chief cause of mortality in cancer patients. Recently, chemokines and chemokine receptors were shown to play an important role in the metastasis of various cancers. We examined the role of chemokine receptor-mediated signaling in the invasion potential of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines that were derived from 5 primary tumors and 6 cervical lymph node metastases. Comprehensive analysis of the mRNAs for human chemokine receptors showed that the OSCC cell lines had uniform expression patterns of chemokine receptors. Overall, there were no consistent differences in the expression of chemokine receptors between primary site- and lymph node metastasis-derived cell lines. However, a highly invasive OSCC cell line (SAS-H1) expressed up-regulation of CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, CXCR1, CXCR6 and CX3CR1 compared to a poorly invasive OSCC cell line (SAS-L1). Then we examined whether factors in the tumor microenvironment regulated chemokine receptor expression in SAS-H1 cells. Specifically, transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1 enhanced the expression of CCR5, CCR6, CCR7 and CX3CR1. Pretreatment of SAS-H1 cells with transforming growth factor (TGF) -β1 increased the expression of CCR7 and CX3CR1, and then enhanced CCL21- and CX3CL1-induced directional migration (1.5-fold enhancement as compared with untreated control). In addition, CX3CL1 increased the adhesion of SAS-H1 cells on uncoated tissue culture plates. Neither chemokine stimulated cell proliferation. Treatment of SAS-H1 cells with CX3CL1 activated the phosphotidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and MEK signal transduction pathways. Our results suggest that chemokine receptor-mediated signaling is involved in the local invasion and metastasis of human OSCC.
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  • Michiharu Shimamoto, Yusuke Kozai, Yukiko Matsumoto, Ryota Kawamata, T ...
    2007 Volume 4 Issue 2 Pages 86-96
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 21, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To investigate the effects of experimental osteoporosis on the trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle in cynomolgus monkeys by radiological bone morphometry, ovariectomy (OVX) was performed on 10-year-old female cynomolgus monkeys, which were fed a controlled diet for 2 years. Ten sham control groups were fed under the same conditions. Using a microfocus tube and computed radiography, the removed mandibular condyle samples were imaged by standardized magnification radiography. The structural parameters were measured using radiological bone morphometric analysis. The bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The thickness of the cortical bone was measured using magnified radiographic images. The thickness of the cortical bone and the BMD in the OVX group were significantly lower than in the sham group. In the results of skeletal structure of the mandibular condyle, the trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle was markedly deteriorated in the OVX group. The trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle for the OVX group was significantly decreased, thus it was suggested that osteoporosis is a potential risk factor of osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint.
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  • Satoru Fujita, Jianwu Dang, Noriko Suzuki, Kiyoshi Honda
    2007 Volume 4 Issue 2 Pages 97-109
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 21, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The tongue possesses a complex muscular structure, and its motor functions are also intricate. Therefore, it would be beneficial to use a computational physiological model of the tongue to examine its vital functions in normal and pathological conditions. Thus far, the studies of tongue models have focused on symmetric movements for normal speech. For clinical purposes, it is necessary to develop a physiological model to deal with daily vital activities such as mastication and swallowing. To do so, we constructed a full 3D physiological model of the tongue based on MRI data from a normal subject, and verified the basic functions of the model based on anatomic and physiological knowledge. In this study, the model was applied to clinical issues: prediction and verification of the changes in movements of the tongue with a tumor before and after partial glossectomy, respectively. Tongue protrusion and lateral bending motion were examined for the prediction and verification. The simulation results were consistent with the observations for a patient with a tumor in the tongue. Comparisons of the simulation and observation in the clinical case showed that the model could predict potential effects of the glossectomy on the tongue movements. It is suggested that the model is a useful tool for pre-operative planning of glossectomy.
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CASE REPORT
  • Report of Two Cases with Human Papillomavirus Infection
    Kenji Kawano, Hideyuki Goto, Yoshihiro Takahashi, Yoshihisa Kaku, Kazu ...
    2007 Volume 4 Issue 2 Pages 110-116
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 21, 2007
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two cases of secondary oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which developed in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for leukemia, are reported. The first patient underwent allogeneic HSCT for chronic myelogenous leukemia at 32 years of age. He suffered from chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) of the oral mucosa after HSCT, and has subsequently received immunosuppressive therapy. He experienced metachronous multiple SCCs in the maxillary gingiva and the dorsum of the tongue at 36 years and 40 years of age, respectively. The second patient received autologous HSCT for acute myelogenous leukemia at 22 years of age, and she did not experience GVHD after transplantation. SCC developed in the lateral border of the tongue at 27 years of age. PCR analysis detected both HPV16 and HPV18 in the tongue tumor of the first patient, and only HPV18 in that of the second patient, suggesting that the infection of high-risk HPVs was possibly involved in the development of post-HSCT oral cancers in these patients. Since risk factors for post-HSCT oral SCC are not yet well recognized, long-term close follow-up is necessary for the early detection of secondary oral cancers in all transplant recipients.
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