Oral Science International
Online ISSN : 1881-4204
Print ISSN : 1348-8643
Volume 5, Issue 2
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
  • Yasutaka Kubota, Shoji Oka, Yoshie Yahara, Kanemitsu Shirasuna
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 73-77
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A modification of the surgical technique for extracting impacted lower third molars is required to decrease the rate of complications including inferior alveolar nerve injury. In this study, a new two-stage extraction method for the horizontally impacted lower third molar was developed. During the first stage, only the crown was removed after separating the impacted tooth at the neck. Thereafter, the root(s) was pulled toward the anterior direction with an elastic band at 130-150 g over a 7-day period. Next, the root(s) was extracted. This method was firstly attempted for 20 horizontally impacted lower third molars, the roots of which had been close to the mandibular canal in panoramic radiographs and were pulled for 20.8 ± 11.5 (n = 20) days. The roots in 17 of 20 cases (85%) were loosened from the sockets and extracted easily without any complications. These outcomes suggest that this two-stage method is useful for the extraction of a horizontally impacted lower third molar in order to decrease the rate of inferior alveolar nerve injury.
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  • Kiyomi Komatsu, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Takashi Honda, Atsuko Yabashi, Tateh ...
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 78-84
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The aim of the present study was to measure the amount of nerve growth factor (NGF) present in saliva, and investigate the relationship with aging, gender, and number of retained teeth. The subjects were 93 healthy volunteers (35 males and 58 females) aged 18-87 years. Stimulated saliva was collected during gum chewing, and saliva secretion per minute and NGF concentration per unit volume were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that NGF in saliva was measurable in all subjects. The mean NGF concentration in saliva was 55.70 ± 38.27 pg/ml, and no relationship was found between NGF concentration and aging, gender, and the number of retained teeth. The mean NGF amount in saliva was 84.38 ± 71.06 pg/min. The NGF amount in saliva decreased with age, especially for the group aged 70 years and older. It was higher in male than female subjects, and was significantly higher in the group without tooth loss compared to the edentulous group. In addition, regarding the relationship between the saliva flow rate per minute and NGF amount in saliva, the latter increased significantly with a rise in the former. These results indicate that the NGF amount in saliva is influenced by aging, masticatory function, and saliva amount. It is speculated that human salivary glands play an important role in the synthesis and expression of NGF.
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  • Kiyonobu Hayashi, Yusuke Kaku, Ryota Kawamata, Koji Nakamura, Takashi ...
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 85-95
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To develop an osseointegration analyzing system for dental implants, a new analyzing system which can assess the level of osseointegration between an implant and trabecular bone was constructed using digital radiography with morphological filter and node-strut analysis. For assessment of this system, a grayscale test chart that simulates six levels of an osseointegration was created. In addition, digital implant images were made in which the trabecular pattern around the implant was varied over a total of five levels. Implant osseointegration was evaluated on the basis of seven parameters related to the number of nodes (Nd) and terminuses (Tm) of the skeleton bound to the implant (Im) and the skeletal length. The seven parameters were as follows: the number of struts connecting the Im with the Nd and Tm (N.ImNd, N.ImTm), the total number of N.ImNd and N.ImTm (N.Im), the strut length connecting the Im with the Nd and Tm (ImNd, ImTm), and the ratios of the struts connecting the Im with the Nd and Tm (ImNd/TSL, ImTm/TSL), where TSL is the total strut length.
    Strong correlations (R2 = 0.971-1.0) between the theoretical values from the test charts and the measured values were demonstrated. N.ImNd showed the strongest correlation, R2 = 0.948, from the digital implant images, followed by N.Im and ImNd, with correlations of R2 = 0.86 and R2 = 0.84, respectively. This new system for evaluating implant osseointegration by applying morphological processing and node-strut analysis could be useful for computer-assisted diagnosis of digital dental implant images.
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  • Laifa Hendarmin, Shintaro Kawano, Daigo Yoshiga, Ferry Sandra, Takeshi ...
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 96-103
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is involved in the promotion of cell survival in a variety of cell types. The present study focused on the role of NF-κB in TNFα-induced apoptosis in an ameloblastoma. Immunohistochemical staining revealed p65 NF-κB protein to be expressed in ameloblastoma tissues. Furthermore, immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry analyses showed that the stimulation of TNFα in an ameloblastoma cell line (AM-1) induced p65 NF-κB translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, indicating NF-κB activation. These findings were confirmed by an NF-κB luciferase reporter assay, which detected enhanced NF-κB transcription activity of AM-1 cells by TNFα stimulation. Moreover, pretreatment with SN50, a nuclear translocation inhibitor, prior to TNFα stimulation, effectively inhibited TNFα-induced NF-κB activation in AM-1 cells. In order to reveal the role of NF-κB activation during TNFα-induced apoptosis in AM-1 cells, an apoptosis assay was performed, and showed that the potential of TNFα in inducing apoptosis in AM-1 cells was significantly elevated by inhibiting the NF-κB activation. These results suggest that NF-κB plays an anti-apoptotic role in TNFα-induced apoptosis in AM-1 cells.
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  • Yoshifumi Yachi, Masanori Nasu, Takashi Yosue
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 104-111
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To investigate the effect of amifostine, we administered amifostine, a radioprotective agent, 30 minutes before exposing the maxillary region of mice, including the parotid gland, to 5 Gy or 10 Gy X-ray irradiation. The survival rate was recorded, and changes in the parotid gland morphology were investigated by examining the hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained specimens and light microscope autoradiography (LMARG) images obtained 30 days after irradiation. A survival rate of 100% was not observed in any group administered 200 mg/kg amifostine with or without irradiation. Among the groups irradiated with 10 Gy X-rays, the survival rate was higher and the survival period was longer in the 100 mg/kg amifostine group than in the no amifostine group. The histological findings in the group that received 5 Gy irradiation without amifostine were as follows: auxetic growth of acinar cells, nuclei of all sizes, cells in the mitotic phase, and cells undergoing apoptosis. Further, the treated groups were compared with the no amifostine and no irradiation group (untreated control). LMRG imaging revealed that the number of reduced silver grains per mm2 of acinar cells after 30 min of 3H-leucine administration was higher than that after 120 min in mice treated with 100 mg/kg amifostine with or without 5 Gy irradiation. This observation was similar to that in the untreated control.
    This finding suggests that although amifostine administration reduces the adverse effects of irradiation on the parotid gland, higher doses of amifostine may be fatal.
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  • Study of Autoradiography with 3H-leucine
    Susumu Nemoto, Masanori Nasu, Fusako Mitsuhashi, Takashi Yosue
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 112-121
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to examine the influence of X-ray irradiation on the demilune cells of the sublingual gland due to the existence of secretory granules, 10 Gy of X-ray irradiation was applied to the sublingual gland of mice at 3 hours after isoproterenol (IPR) administration. To inspect the influence of irradiation at 3 days after the irradiation, tissue images and results of autoradiography performed at 30 and 120 minutes (min) after 3H-leucine administration of the IPR administration (IPR/10Gy) group were compared with those of the non-IPR administration (nonIPR/10Gy) group. In transmission electron microscope images, swelling and pyknosis were observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of the nonIPR/10Gy group. The number of reduced silver grains per unit cell area in nonIPR/10Gy at 30 and 120 min after 3H-leucine administration was less and greater than that in the other 3 groups (nonIPR/0Gy, IPR/0Gy, and IPR/10Gy), respectively, from light microscope autoradiography images. At 120 min after 3H-leucine administration, the ratio of the number of reduced silver grains localized in the secretory granules to the total number of reduced silver grains in the demilune cells of the nonIPR/10Gy group was lower than that of the other 3 groups as indicated by electron microscope autoradiography images. Based on these results, it was apparent that the effect of irradiation was less on the demilune cells that discharged secretory granules than those that did not discharge them.
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  • Noriyuki Takashi, Fumio Watari, Yasunori Totsuka
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 122-130
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Biochemical factors of neutrophils in exudates from acute surgical wounds have been investigated. However, the fate and functions of neutrophils in the exudates have not been clarified and no prior study had compared exudates in the early and late surgical wound stages. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differing effects of exudates on human neutrophils between the early and late phases of inflammation, and to clarify the factors affecting neutrophil function. Exudates from 30 surgical patients with oral cancer who underwent radical neck dissection were collected on the 1st and 5th day after surgery (EX1, EX5). Neutrophils were obtained from two healthy volunteers. Following incubation of the neutrophils with the exudates we examined superoxide anion production and hAPO-1/Fas expression by the neutrophils, apoptosis of the neutrophils and cytokine concentration in the exudates, and the factors related to neutrophil apoptosis. Superoxide anion production by neutrophils incubated with EX1 was significantly higher than by those incubated with EX5, while hAPO-1/Fas expression by the neutrophils was also significantly greater upon incubation with EX5. The DNA ladder was detected only in human neutrophils incubated with EX5. The level of IL-10 in EX1 was significantly lower than that in EX5. Apoptosis of the neutrophils incubated with EX5 was suppressed by the addition of anti-IL-10 antibody. These results indicate that neutrophils have their functions augmented and apoptosis is inhibited in the early phase of inflammation. Furthermore, IL-10 is involved in apoptosis of neutrophils in the late phase of inflammation.
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CASE REPORTS
  • Takayuki Tamura, Kazuo Ryoke, Kazunori Kidani, Kazuko Takubo, Motoki N ...
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 131-134
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We report a case of actinomycosis arising in the minor salivary gland in the buccal region. A 71-year-old male presented with a swelling in the left buccal region. The clinical diagnosis was minor salivary gland tumor in the buccal mucosa. Under local anesthesia, the lesion was excised. Histopathological examination showed basophilic amorphous masses of Actinomyces in the dilated excretory duct with squamous metaplasia. A final diagnosis of actinomycosis was made. Its portal of entry was thought to be a disruption of the mucosal barrier after trauma due to maladaptation of dentures. There was no sign of recurrence after the surgery.
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  • Takashi Saito, Touru Sato, Hiroyuki Usui, Kouki Hirashita, Kouichi Asa ...
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 135-140
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Carcinoma arising from the remnant of branchial epithelium or branchial cleft cyst is known as branchiogenic carcinoma. It is very rare, and its existence is a matter of controversy. We report a case of cystic carcinoma of the upper neck that fully met Martin's criteria for branchiogenic carcinoma. A 53-year-old male visited Tsurumi University Dental Hospital with a swelling on the left side of the neck. Three tumors were excised from the neck, and histopathology revealed squamous cell carcinoma in a cystic lesion. As metastatic carcinoma of the cervical lymph nodes was suspected, the appropriate clinical tests and imaging were performed to determine the possible presence of a primary tumor. However, no primary carcinoma was found. These findings suggest that this was a case of branchiogenic carcinoma. The patient was treated with radiotherapy and followed up over an 8-year period. No evidence of recurrence was found.
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  • A Case Report
    Iwao Hara, George Umemoto, Hiromasa Takahashi, Toshihiro Kikuta
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 141-145
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The case of a 20-year-old female with Cockayne syndrome, presenting with reduced intake of food, is described. At admission, her intake of food and her body weight were low. The patient's food swallowing function was recorded by video fluorography and evaluated. Reduced transfer of food boluses to the posterior site of the oral cavity, incomplete formation of boluses in the oral phase, and residual food after swallowing in the pharynx phase were observed. No aspiration was observed, however, during video fluorography. The patient's nutrition was managed by changing her meals to fluid-type food to shorten the eating time.
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  • A Case Report and Review of the Literature
    Hidenori Sakuma, Atsushi Nakamura, Yumi Fukuoka, Mitsukuni Okabe, Kuni ...
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 146-149
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Septic pulmonary embolism is a rare condition, the common sources of which are bacterial endocarditis and infected venous catheters. Septic pulmonary embolism ascribed to dental infection is extremely rare. The present report describes a case of septic pulmonary embolism attributed to periapical periodontitis in a 39-year-old patient, who was admitted with persistent toothache, fever, and chest pain. Chest CT showed a feeding vessel sign and a target sign. A panoramic radiograph of the left maxillary bone showed alveolar bone loss in a horizontal pattern typical of periodontitis and periapical periodontitis. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics and teeth extraction. To our knowledge, only 4 cases of septic pulmonary embolism ascribed to dental infection have been reported in the English literature. These patients repeatedly developed dental infections but did not receive appropriate dental treatment including extraction of the causative teeth, leading to the development of septic pulmonary embolism. This paper may contribute to the limited clinical knowledge base regarding septic pulmonary embolism ascribed to periapical periodontitis. Effective oral care and removal of the primary source of infection, including extraction of the causative teeth, are important to prevent septic pulmonary embolism.
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  • Hiroyuki Nakano, Tetsuei Miki, Keiko Aota, Tetsuro Sumi, Ken Matsumoto ...
    2008 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages 150-154
    Published: 2008
    Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Garré's osteomyelitis is generally considered to be synonymous with chronic osteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis and occurs most commonly in the first molar region of the mandible. We report a case of Garré's osteomyelitis caused by the infected tooth-germ of a wisdom tooth. A 12-year-old boy had a swelling of the right cheek and his right mandibular second molar was covered by gingiva with pus retention. X-ray examination showed a radiolucent area around the impacted tooth-germ of the wisdom tooth and extracortical new bone at the angle of the mandible. After preoperative treatment with antibiotics, the tooth-germ and extracortical bone were removed. The antibiotics treatment was continued for 18 days postoperation. No recurrence of pain or swelling has been observed thereafter.
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