Superconductive tunnelling elements have been made with Sn, and the magnetic field dependence of the Josephson current is measured. The surface flatness of Sn film is obtained by lowering as much as possible the substrate temperature at evaporation. To make a stable oxide layer on Sn film surface, reduction of water vapor pressure of oxidizing atmosphere is necessary. When the Josephson current
IJ reaches about 20 mA, influence of its own magnetic field on its field dependence becomes apparent, and there occur two new effects, namely, the shifts of magnetic field that makes
IJ maximum from
H=0 to its two sides-the inclination effect-and the limitation of maximum current to a constant value determined by the material of the element-the self limiting effect. On account of these two effects, the current gain of cross-type elements does not exceed 2 when the magnetic field by
IJ affects the value of
IJ. Theoretical investigation concerning the frequency-modulation of a. c. super-current by
rf field showed the possibility of obtaining the “pure negative resistance” by controlling the phase of
rf field.
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