Holographic storage properties, such as writing, reading out, erasing and persistence, were investigated in single crystals of Rh-doped LiNbO
3. Thermal annealing in an oxygendeficient atmosphere and/or Cu-doping by thermal diffusion were found to improve optical sensitivity remarkably. The Cu-diffused layers fabricated in Rh-doped LiNbO
3 are quite effective to high-speed optical writing and erasing, and, at the same time, do not reduce the persistence of holograms to any appreciable extent. Similar effects were found with an oxygendeficient Rh-doped LiNbO
3. However, the persistence of the stored holograms exhibited a two-step decay behavior and its initial decay was remarkable. These facts indicate the co existence of two types of impurities; i.e., one which improves photo-sensitivity but reduces persistence, and the other which improves persitence only. In our case, the former impurity islikely to be Cu or oxygen-deficiency and the latter to be Rh
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