Nematic liquid-crystal prism cells are made, in which liquid-crystal molecules are aligned homogeneously. Relationship between incident angles and deflection angles of the prism cells are investigated for ordinary and extraordinary rays (λ=632.8nm).
Combining a TN (twisted nematics) cell to the prism cell, the light beam deflection can be achieved by switching the direction of polarization by the TN cell. In the n-fold multilayered structures made by stacking the prism cells and the TN cells, 2
n directions of deflection can be selected. Two or more points can be displayed simultaneously provided that the applied voltages are adjusted to the value around the threshold voltage in each TN cell. Utilizing 4 stages of the prism cells and the TN cells, 4×4 points display is demonstrated.
The light deflection system described in this article is characterized by its low operation voltage. Matching of refractive indices between the liquid-crystal and the substrate glass-plate is not a necessary condition in this system.
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