The present investigations were undertaken to determine whether human gingival homogenate from patients with periodontal disease reveals collagenase activity with the use of reconstituted radioactive collagen.
The results were as follows:
1) Human gingival collagenase was isolated from human gingival homogenate. Specific activity of human gingival collagenase, distinct from that of bacterial collagenase, has been demonstrated by the use of paper chromatography, gel filtration and some other techniques.
2) The enzyme was maximally active at neutral pH, required Ca⁺⁺, and was inhibited by EDTA but not by cystein.
3) In the course of experimental gingivitis in dog, gingival collagenase activity was significantly increased.

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Various changes manifested in the oral tissues attendant upon upon the menstrual cycle of women early attracted the scholarly attention and many studies dealing with them have been known. Of them, researches particularly connected with the menstrual gingivitis as manifested in the gingivae are published from time to time. However, their study from a Colometric point of view is yet to come.
With a sample of 51 women, the author studied the gingivae, palates and lips on a chronological basis in the light of colometry for the purpose of analyzing changes in the gingival coloration in the menstrual and non-menstrual cycles comparatively. The following were salient conclusions obtained as the result of the present study.
1. As the result of preliminary tests, measurements of hue, value and chroma at 2 hours 30 minutes after breakfast and at 3 hours after lunch were found to be in agreement with one another except for a few exceptions. Therefore, the gingival coloration at these times may be taken as indicative of the normal one.
2. In common with the menstrual and non-menstrual cycles, the redness of oral membranes was, determined to be in order of the alveolar mucous membrane, interdental papillae, marginal gingivae, lips and palates. On the other hand, the brightness was in order of the lips, marginal gingivae, alveolar mucous membrane, interdental papillae and palates.
The so-called “Richness of color”, however, was found to be in order of the alveolar mucous membrane, interdental papillae, marginal gingivas, lips and palates in the mensirual women. On the other hand, in the non-menstrual women the order was from the interdental papillae, alveolar mucous membrane, marginal gingivae, lips and palates.
3. Respective measurements of hue, value and chroma revealed definite differences between the menstrual and non-menstrual cycles in terms of the interdental papillae, marginal gingivae, alveolar mucous membrane and palates. But almost no change was observed with the lips. These changes, however, were found with a significant difference in the alveolar mucous membrane alone. That is to say, as compared with the alveolar mucous membrane in nonmenstrual cycle the redness and richness of color increased in the same locality in menstrual cycle, with a pronounced decrease of the brightness. With other membranes, definite changes were not appreciably measured.

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Serum protein fractions were tested by means of the cellulose acetate menbrane method of 25°C, 4°C and 0°C.
The outline of the discussion about experimental results is as follows.
1. Results compared preserve serum of 0°C and first serum by electrophoresis methods, it did not change of electrophoretic an analysis deta to seven days.
2. Results compared preserve serum of 4°C and first serum, it did not change of electrophoretic an analysis deta to two days.
3. Albumin fractions did not change preserve serum of 0°C and 4°C to the seven days. Albumin fractions were stabilized than globulin fractions.

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The relationship between the lysozyme activity in bone tissues of the rat and the trace of behaviour of the enzyme activity in vivo has been investigated.
The lysozyme activity in serum, mandibula, femur and femur marrow from each of 5 rats (strain of wister) was assayed by a modified method of Kakisaki.
Also, the time-course of the changes of lysozyme activity in the serum, mandibula, femur and femur marrow from each of 75 rats was measured after the intra-peritoneal injection of lysozyme chloride (5, 10mg/100g) and 0.9% saline as a control.
The tissues were removed immediately after the death of the rat which was slaughtered. The tissue samples were weighted, and then immediately homogenized at 7, 000rpm for 20sec. with cold M/15 phosphate buffer solution by using a cold polytron homogenizer. The homogenate was centrifuged at 4, 500rpm for 10min. in a refrigerated centrifuge at 0°C. The supernatant fluid was used as tissue extract. Lysozyme activities in these specimens were measured.
The results obtained are as follows:
1) The average activity in serum, mandibula, femur and femur marrow were respectively 8.4±0.5ug/ml, 42.1±2.4ug/g, 88.1±5.5ug/g and 626.0±34.6ug/g. The activity was higher in marrow than in any other tissue tested, though it showed a considerable variation.
2) Lysozyme chloride was injected into the intra-peritoneal of the rat. After the intra-peritoneal injection of lysozyme chloride, the activity was greater in serum than in any other tissue and after 3 hours, lysozyme activity in serum was increased about 4-5 times. The mean rate of increase of the activities in mandibula, femur and femur marrow was not so high as that of serum, but that of mandibula was the highest in those three tissues.
From these results it might be suggested that the high activity of the lysozyme in bone marrow make some physiological effects on the tissue.

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1) Patients who had symptoms due to periodontal disease, as motive of the first Dental visits, showed lower percentage of 9.6 in 1967, 9.0 in 1968, 8.6 in 1969 and 7.6 in 1970 of total dental patients.
2) Although the ratio of female to male was about 1.2, the proportions of patients with symptoms due to periodontal disease to total dental patients was somewhat higher in male group than in female one.
3) A large number of patients with symptoms was visited in January, February, June and September compared with the other Months. However, relation between seasons and attack of periodontal disease was not analyzed from our examination especially.
4) Tooth movement, gingival swelling, gingival bleeding and periodontal pain were four main complaints in the present study, and these showed not less than 60 per cent of total symptoms.
5) Gingival bleeding was more prominent in the third decade, gingival swelling in the fourth and tooth movement in the fifth. However, periodontal pain was widely distributed in any generations.
6) There was no apparent sex difference in the symptoms except for tooth movement, pus discharge and hypersensitivity.
7) Patients with symptoms were most highly ranged in two decades of third and fourth, and they occupied not less than a half of patients in the other decades. There was highest distribution of females in the third decade and males in the fourth.

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Purpose of this study is to know the most effective bristle of electric tooth brush for removal of dental plaque. Nine different types of bristle were prepared, combined with two factors. The first factor was length of bristle which was 8, 10, and 12mm respectively. The other factor was diameter of bristle which was 0.155, 0.202, and 0.234mm. The material of bristle was nylon. The bristle was straight cut, three row and the same tufted spacing.
Nine patients who had a normal dentition were instructed how to use the electric tooth brush, and were cleaned the teeth every one week before the experimental day, and stopped oral hygiene 24 hours before the day. The period of this study was for four weeks. Dental plaque which was removed from the six teeth (6/41|14/6) was calculated with specially prepared measure.
An average removal of dental plaque was 54.2%±12.7. Among the nine different bristles, statistically significant difference (5%) could not be found. However, it was shown that harder and longer bristle was more effective for removal of dental plaque.
During the period of experiment, hurted gingiva by electric tooth brush was not observed.

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When gingival recession has been observed, it is diffecult to clean the approximate surfaces only using toothbrush. The purpose of this study is to observe which interdental cleaner is effective on the approximate surface. Three types of interdental cleaner have been studied. They were “Interdental brush (Denticator co.)”, “Rubber tip (Denticator co.)” and “Wooden stimulator (Navec International pty co.)”. Between the cleaning effect of interdental brush and that of rubber tip, significant difference (p<0.05) has been observed. Between the effect of interdental brush and that of wooden stimulator, there has not been difference statistically, but interdental brush has been seen more effective. Between the effect of wooden stimulator and that of rubber tip, significant difference has not been observed. It has been concluded that interdental brush will be effective for the interdental cleaning in the cases of gingival recession.

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