Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology)
Online ISSN : 1880-408X
Print ISSN : 0385-0110
ISSN-L : 0385-0110
Volume 17, Issue 1
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
  • Masatake TSUNODA
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 1-13
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The sulphur compounds in fetor ex ore were assayed by gas chromatography equipped with FID detector. For further identification of suspected compounds, FPD detector and gas chromatographymass spectrometer (GC-MS) were employed. The oral air samples were collected into a gas-tight syringe through closed lips or the exhaled air were concentrated on a glass beads collector coated with mercury chloride.
    The subjects of this experiments were chosen from the patients by the olfactory panel composed of dentists with good sense of smell. There were clear cut differences between the gas chromatogram obtained from normal persons and patients.
    The gas chromatogram from patients was affected by toothbrushing or Flagyl (Metronidazole) to approach the pattern of that from normal persons.
    The detailed results were as follows:
    1. Using a glass column (3mm×2m) packed with chromosorb 104 (no coating), two peaks with short retention time were increased in oral air samples from patients, but not coincided with the standard sulphur compounds.
    2. Using a glass column (3mm×3m) packed with 25% TCEP on chromosorb G, seven peaks were observed by FID, of which the peak No. 5 and No. 7 clearly predominated in the patient group.
    3. The peak No. 5 was identified as dimethyl sulfide based on the retention time.
    4. By use of FPD detector (with S filter), hydrogen sulfide [H2S], methyl mercatan [CH3SH], ethyl mercaptan [C2H5SH] and dimethyl sulfide [(CH3)2S] were identified in oral air samples from patients, while only the peak of H2S was found in the normal person group.
    5. The peak No. 5 (estimated to be dimethyl sulfide) and No. 7 (unknown) was further identified by GC-MS.
    The peak No. 7 was estimated to be a substance with moleculer weight 281, containing no sulphur.
    6. By toothbrushing, the level of peaks was reduced or disappeared, and fetor ex ore was also reduced by the sensory estimation of the olfactory panel.
    7. It is well established that an antitrichomonas drug, Metronidozole, is very effective to cure fetor ex ore by oral administration. The pattern of gas chromatogram was also improved to that of normal persons in almost all cases.
    8. The gas chromatography and GC-MS method appeared to be very promising in clinical practice for the objective diagnosis of fetor ex ore and also for criteria for the effectiveness of oral hygiene practice or medical treatments.
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  • Makoto Yokota
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 14-28
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The changes of periodontal tissues in rats induced by local irritations were studied histologically. Local irritants were consisted of a rubber thread and a silk thread. In the distal cervical part of lower M1, rubber thread insertion during 2 days was followed by silk thread insertion during 2 weeks. The histopathologic observations were performed from the time of initial irritation to one month after a silk thread was removed.
    In 2 days after a rubber thread was inserted, the destruction of junctional epithelium, inflammatory cell infiltration in periodontal ligament, destruction and degeneration of connective tissue and alveolar bone resorption by osteoclast were observed at the distal site of M1.
    In 2 days after rubber thread insertion and in 2 days after silk thread insertion, marked inflammatory cell infiltration and many osteoclasts were observed at the distal site of M1 and mesial site of M2.
    In 2 days after rubber thread insertion, the number of osteoclasts and that of inflammatory cells were correlated significantly.
    In 2 weeks after silk thread inserted, deep periodontal pocket with horizontal bone resorption was observed.
    In one month after silk thread was removed, the down growth of junctional epithelium at the mesial site of M2 was observed. The extent of the down growth at the mesial site of M2 was foundless than that at the distal site of M1.
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  • Yoshimaro ABE
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 29-32
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Various causes for the periodontal complaint are generally classified as twofold; systemic and local ones. Of local causes, there are known the deposition of dental plaque, dental calculi, microbial colony and inadequate prosthetic materials. On the other hand, moreover, such congenital morphological anomalies as the shape of dental crowns, excessively shallow oral vestibule and abnormal development of the lingual frenulum can constitute local causes. All of these causes are recognized as being responsible for the incidence of some kind of periodontal disease or other.
    The enamel projection, which came to receive attention in recent years, has been studied so far concerning the length of enamel projection itself, size and classification of its incidence frequencies.
    In the belief that there must exist intimate relationships between the enamel projection seen on the molar and molar suffering from a periodontal disease, on the one hand, and the former and the resorption of alveolar rim of jaw bone, on the other, the author carried out the present study.
    For the study purpose, the author examined clinically the presence or absence of enamel projections directly in the mouth of patients diagnosed as suffering from some kind of periodontal disease and, where the direct observations of the periodontal teeth were not possible, the presenceof enamel projections was investigated on the teeth which were extracted from the periodontal patients. Additionally, a total sample of 552 upper and lower jaws was selected from the skull specimens and on the basis of these jaws, a fourfold classification was established concerning the presence or absence of enamel projections on the teeth planted in them and the degrees of resorption of alveolar rim, so that the incidence frequencies of each of 4 groups might be fully elucidated.
    As a result, the following conclusions were reached.
    1. In about 74% of 308 upper and lower molars which suffered from the periodontal disease, the incidence of enamel projections was confirmed.
    2. In nearly 90% of the upper and lower molars planted in jaw bones whose alveolar rims gave evidence of resorption, the incidence of enamel projections was established.
    3. The resorption of alveolar rims was observed in nearly 95% of the jaw alveolar specimens possessed of upper and lower molars, on which enamel projections were confirmed.
    On the strength of the above findings, it is to be concluded that there exists an intimate relationship between the presence of enamel projections and periodontal diseases, and the former may be regarded as constituting a noteworthy local cause of the latter.
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  • I. β-Glucuronidase Activities in Serum, Whole Saliva and Filtrated Saliva from Patients with Periodontal Disease
    Sizuka OMORI
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 33-40
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The β-Glucuronidase (β-G) activities in serum, whole saliva and filtrated saliva collected from patients with periodontal diseases were measured by a modified Fishman's method (Kaizu's method), and compared with various clinical findings such as PMA-index by Schour-Massler, OH-index (debris score+calculus score) by Green-Vermillion, depth of periodontal pocket (mm) and degree of bone loss by X-ray photos.
    The following results were obtained:
    1. Significant differences of β-G activities were observed in whole saliva between the clinically healthy controls and patients with periodontal disease (P<0.01), although the serum β-G activities of both groups were within normal limits.
    2. The β-G activities in whole saliva of the periodontal patients were observed marked correlations with PMA-index (P<0.05), pocket depth (P<0.01) and bone loss (P<0.001), but no significant correlation was found with oral hygiene index (P>0.05).
    3. The value of β-G activities extracted from filtrated saliva were observed high correlation with the depth of periodontal pocket (P<0.05) and bone loss (P<0.001), but no significant correlations were observed with PMA-index and oral hygiene index (P>0.05).
    4. The β-G activities of filtrated saliva were from 4 to 87 per cent lower than those of whole saliva, even though both unfiltrated and filtrated saliva samples were observed significant correlations with each other (P<0.001).
    5. The β-G activities of periodontal disease groups were 3.3 times higher in whole saliva and 7.5 times were higher in filtrated saliva than those of normal group.
    6. In the group of patients that were examined on the basis of clinical findings and X-ray photos, the β-G activities of both whole and filtrated saliva had a tendency to increase according to the progression of diseases.
    It is concluded from these results that the β-G activities in whole and filtrated saliva are closely related to the each clinical finding and process of periodontal disease.
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  • Akinobu SIRAIWA
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 41-54
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Lysozyme activities in gingival exudate collected from patients with periodontal disease and from normal subjects were measured. The relationship between lysozyme activities and various clinical findings such as PMA-index by Schour and Massler, gingival index by Löe, debris index and calculus index by Greene and Vermillion, depth of periodontal pocket (mm), degree of tooth mobility and bone loss score (%) by Schei et al. were examined.
    Kakizaki's modified method was used to assay the lysozyme activity of gingival exudate collected by filter paper strip.
    The following results were obtained:
    1. The lysozyme activities were demonstrated and measured in all gingival exudate, and varied considerably with individuals.
    2. The lysozyme activity showed no disparity in age.
    3. The lysozyme activity of female was significantly higher than that of male, especially in periodontal patients (P<0.01).
    4. The lysozyme activity of periodontal disease group was remarkably higher than that of normal group, and had a tendency to increase according to the progression and aggravation of the disease, and showed significant difference among each clinical group.
    5. Statistically significant correlations were observed between the lysozyme activity and gingival index (P<0.01), PMA-index (P<0.001), pocket depth (P<0.001), tooth mobility (P<0.001), bone loss (P<0.001), and amount of exudate (P<0.05), except debris index and calculus index.
    It is concluded from these results that the lysozyme activity of gingival exudate is closely related to each clinical finding and process of periodontal disease.
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  • Tomio FUKUDA, Masao AONO, Kaoru ONOUE
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 55-58
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To investigate the possible role of secretory immunoglobulin in preventing the caries formation, the IgA content of the parotid saliva of caries-susceptible (D. M. F. >10) and caries-resistant (D. M. F. <10) persons was compared by radial immunodiffusion technique. The mean IgA concentration in caries-resistant person was 38.4±12.2μg/ml (25.3-65.3) and that in caries-susceptible person was 34.2±11.2μg/ml (20.0-55.4). Thus, no significant difference was found between these two groups. Comparison of the IgA content in percentage of the total parotid salival protein also gave no significant difference. In connection with our previous results that purified IgA of parotid saliva contained higher amount of antibodies directed to Streptococcus mutans GS 5 strain and Actinomyces viscosus ATCC 15987 strain than did purified serum IgA, it would be stressed that comparison of specific IgA antibody content rather than the total IgA content would give more significant result in persueing the role of secretory IgA in cariogenesis.
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  • Tadasi NAKASIZUKA, Hisasi OMORI, Masuhiko OGIMOTO, Yosihiro FUNAKAWA, ...
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 59-66
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The histamine contents in whole saliva and gingival exudate collected from patients with periodontal disease were measured by both Namiki's modified and Anton-Sayre's method. Comparative study of both methods were performed to find out the better way of estimating histamine.
    The following results were obtained:
    1. Although Namiki's modified method was able to count out the range from 1 to 60μg/ml of histamine, Anton-Sayre's method was from 0.05 to 10.0μg/ml. Therefore, the later was much superior than the former for analysis of very small amounts of histamine.
    2. Namiki's modified method was capable of measuring of histamine contents in whole saliva of all subjects, but of only 5 in 11 subjects in case of gingival exudate. However, Anton-Sayre's method was able to measure histamine contents of all subjects both in whole saliva and gingival exudate.
    3. The histamine contents in whole saliva and gingival exudate were distinctly high in patients with periodontal disease.
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  • Masatoshi UEDA, Yoshikazu SAITO, Yoshihiko NISHINO, Kanji FUJIMOTO, Ma ...
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 67-73
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1) Of the three units studied, one unit had no selection switch. Throughout these units, the output wave showed a sin curve. But in one unit, the wave showed a sin curve at cutting and a modulated sin curve at coagulation, and another showed a sin curve in spite of a selection switch.
    2) Following the interposition of load impedance, the output wave of all units showed no change in form, but an increase or decrease in voltage.
    3) All three units showed a similar electric frequency.
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  • Seidai MURAI, Akio IGARASHI, Koichi ITO, Seiji KANAMORI, Kazuyoshi OTA ...
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 74-79
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Our Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, has been engaged in research on the inhibitory effect of dental plaque by adding chemicals to the chewing-gum popularly consumed by the public.
    In the present study, the authors were concerned with the inhibitory effect of chewing-gum to which dextranase was purposely added. As a result of the study, the authors arrived at the following conclusions.
    1. As compared with dextranase-containing sugared chewing-gum and sugar chewing-gum with no dextranase, our dextranase non-sugar chewing-gum was found to be inhibitory of the formation of dental plaque with a statistical significance.
    2. When sugared chewing-gum was compared with non-sugar chewing-gum, the latter was found to havea higher oral cleaning effect.
    However, there was no appreceable difference in the cleaning effect between dextranase-containing sugared chewing-gum, on the one hand, and those containing neither dextranase nor sugar, on the other.
    3. No adverse effect was observed in the administration of dextranase-containing chewing-gum at all.
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  • M. Aono, H. Okada, C. Ishii, Y. Yano, H. Fukuyama, T. Fukuda, N. Nagao ...
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 80-85
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The efficacy and limitation of toothbrushing (rolling method) and scaling in the treatment of periodontal disease were examined in 14 patients, who were suffering from gingivitis and mild periodontitis not due to poor restoration and malocclusions. The periodontal status was measured with Gingival Index system (GI), periodontal pocket depth, purulent exudation and bone score. The oral hygiene was expressed as debris index (DI) and calculus index (CI).
    The results were summarized as follows:
    1. Brushing and scaling was effective in removing a dental plaque.
    2. Gingival inflammatory intensity was reduced by removing a dental plaque (DI=0), but gingival inflammation was not improved in about 15% of that group.
    3. Scaling was effective in the reduction of gingival inflammation. The deposition of a dental plaque was found in 49% of the group in which gingival inflammatory status was not improved by scaling.
    4. The effect of brushing and scaling on a periodontal pocket:
    1) The deeper the periodontal pocket, the lower the rate of healing of a periodontal pocket.
    2) Correlation between a periodontl pocket depth and a degree of a dental plaque deposit was not found.
    3) It was shown that the improvement of gingival inflammation followed by removing a dentalplaque deposit was necessary in the healing of a periodontal pocket.
    4) The improvement of gingival inflammation with removing a dental deposit was observed in about 25% of the group in which a periodontal pocket was not still diminished by brushing and scaling. It was assumed that many other factors except a dental deposit played an important role in the pathosis of a periodontal pocket formation.
    5) The percentage of purulent exudation was higher in the group in which a periodontal pocket was not diminished than in the group in which a pocket was healed. The periodontal pocket with purulent exudation was one of the criteria of the limitation of brushing and scaling.
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  • Tsuyoshi KATAYAMA, Takeshi SUZUKI, Shogoro OKADA
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 86-91
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The aim of this investigation was to demonstrate the plaque maturity accumulated on tooth surface using Oxidation-Reduction Indicator in situ. The ingredients of this disclosing solution are Methylene Blue and 2, 3, 5-Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride generally used in histochemical investigations.
    No gingival inflammation and caries free subject was selected. The participant was told to abolish oral hygiene and allowed to develope the plaque on tooth surface for 7 days. On day 1, 3, 5 and 7 of no oral hygiene periods, new disclosing solution was topically applied on tooth surface.
    At the time of topical application on 3 days plaque, it was disclosed in blue tone, but gradually changed to red localized to the area of gingival margin. More typical results were obtained in 7 days mature plaque. The blue tone was instantly fading and blue plaque almost changed to red within 10min.
    The results of this experiments have demonstrated that it is possible to distinguish the old, thick mature plaque from new one. Patient can easily visualize the appearance of plaque changing in colour, so it is very usefull for patient motivation in periodontal practice.
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  • 1. Influence of Cryogenic Stimuli on the Pulp Tissue of Dog and Some Clinical Obserbations
    Yoji MURAYAMA, Momoyo NISHIDA, Kenichi MURANISHI, Hiroshi ISHIDA, Nobu ...
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 92-100
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    As the first step to study the influence of cryosurgery upon surrounding tissues of the operated area when it was applied clinically in a periodontal field, responses of dental pulp and alveolar bone were studied in the animal experiment with dogs. Clinical observation was also performed on the cases which were considered to recieve no circumferential disadvantages.
    1. Cryo-stimuli were applied on dog intraorally from gingival margin two times for 30sec, two times for 60sec and 4 times for 60sec, and from tooth cervical surface 4 times for 60sec with the Cryosurgery unit of Spenbly Co. which produces -75°C temperature at the tip of the probe. Histopathological changes of pulp and alveolar bone of 3 days, 7 days and a month after stimulation were studied. Cryo-stimulation under experimental condition brought similar results. Up to 7 days after stimulation, slight inflammatory changes, circulatory disturbances and functional decline of odontoblasts, although normal histological view of pulp was recovered within a month. No influence was observed on alveolar bone.
    2. Five cases of periodontal disease were submitted to freezing and thawing two times for 60sec and the clinical changes were observed for following one month. It was speculated to be effective to induce gingival recession and to make up form of gingival margin, although the conditions for this experiment were incomplete and is judged to be inferior to the conventional surgical treatment.
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  • Kohji HARA, Fumiharu TAKAYAMA, Sachio KOBAYASHI
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 101-109
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A combined use of the acrylic and wires which are inserted into the root canals exhibits the great retention. As a result, this modified splint can serve for several years and has the following advantages:
    1. It has retention better than that of a well made temporary splint and can be maintained in the mouth for a long time.
    2. It can be used in occlusal discrepancies such as rotated or inclined teeth.
    3. It does not impinge on the gingival tissues and thus allows for good oral hygiene.
    4. It is an esthetic splint.
    5. It delays the need for extractions.
    6. It forestalls expensive and time-consuming dental rehabilitation.
    7. It may be considered a long-range semi-permanent splint without a high frequency of breakage.
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  • Furito ITO, Shohzoh YAMADA, Shizuka OMORI, Hirofumi YAMADA, Tadashi NA ...
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 110-114
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The correlation between the sialic acid contents in whole saliva and the degree of clinical findings in patients suffering from periodontal diseases was investigated.
    Clinical findings were examined in the facial surface of the four first fully erupted molars, and in the facial surface of the maxillary right central incisor and mandibular left central incisor as follows: The plaque and calculus score was determined by Green-Vermillion's method; the degree of gingival inflammation was examined by a modification of Schour-Massler's method; the depth of periodontal pocket was measured with a pocket maker; and the degree of alveolar bone loss was measured on X-ray photos by method of Schei et al.
    The sialic acid contents of whole saliva was measured by Bial's method.
    The following results were obtained:
    1) A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the sialic acid content and the degree of gingival inflammation (p<0.05).
    2) The salivary sialic acid content in patients suffering from periodontal diseases was higher than that of normal subjects (p<0.05).
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  • Akira KOMORI, Yukio OBATA, Isao TAKAGI, Yasuko AKASAKA
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 115-125
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    1. A Japanese girl, 3 years and one month old, exhibits the complete syndrome consisting of palmarplantar hyperkeratosis and severe generalized periodontitis. The parents are first-cousins. Slight hyperkeratosis has been observed on the palmae and soles of her mother and on the soles of her sister.
    2. Only 9 cases (3 males and 6 females) of the syndrome, including this case, have been reported in the Japanese literature. There was definite information about consanguinity of the parents of eight cases. The parents of four of these eight cases were matings between first-cousins.
    3. Two cases of the nine were sisters, but their parents were not consanguineous.
    4. Siblings of the two cases showed incomplete manifestations of the syndrome. The parents of the one case were matings between first-cousins and those of the other were not.
    5. Differential diagnosis and pathogenesis are discussed.
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  • [in Japanese]
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 126a-127
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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  • [in Japanese]
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 126
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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  • [in Japanese]
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 127-128
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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  • [in Japanese]
    1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 128
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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  • 1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 129-173
    Published: March 28, 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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  • 1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 173c
    Published: 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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  • 1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 173a
    Published: 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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  • 1975 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 173b
    Published: 1975
    Released on J-STAGE: July 16, 2010
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