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Volume 37, Issue 2
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Takashi KATO1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 211-223
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCiclosporin (Cs) is a widely prescribed drug for patients who have undergone organ transplants. One of its side effects is the induction of gingival overgrowth. The clinical and histopathological features of Cs-induced gingival overgrowth have been described, FK 506 (FK), another immunosuppressant, has also been used recently for organ transplantation. But no reports have been made on its side effects on human gingiva. In order to discover whether FK also induces gingival overgrowth, the effects of FK and Cs on human gingival fibroblasts were compared and the possible role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in immunosuppressant-induced gingival overgrowth was analyzed. The effects of FK and Cs on [14C] proline incorporation, collagen production, collagenase activity and collagenase inhibitor activity were investigated. FK appeared to have most potent dose-dependent stimulative effects than Cs on [14C] proline incorporation, collagen production and collagenase inhibitor activity. The presence of both FK and IL-1 in the culture medium significantly stimulated [ 14 C] proline incorporation and collagen production by fibroblasts in comparison with use of the agent alone. These results indicate that FK may induce gingival overgrowth and that IL-1 may be an important co-factor in the pathogenesis of immunosuppressant-induced gingival overgrowth.View full abstractDownload PDF (2077K) -
Takayoshi YOKOKOHJI1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 224-241
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, we investigated whether CD 44 molecules expressed on T lymphocytes may have co-stimulatory effects on proliferative responses of peripheral blood T lymphocytes (PBT). When anti-CD 44 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were added to the culture in soluble form, the added mAbs did not alter the proliferative responses of PBT stimulated with immobilized anti-CD 3 mAb. However, when anti-CD 44 mAb were plate-coated together with anti-CD 3 mAb, the proliferation of the PBT was significantly augmented, as compared to stimulation with only anti-CD 3 mAb. In addition, pretreatment of PBT with mouse anti-CD 44 mAb and then anti-mouse immunoglobulin Ab clearly augmented the PBT proliferation. These results strongly suggest that cross-linking of CD 44 molecules on T lymphocytes is essential to costimulatory signal transduction for T lymphocyte activation. Furthermore, (immobilized hyaluronate HA), a natural ligand for CD 44, also increased anti-CD 3 mAb-induced PBT proliferation and this proliferation was specifically inhibited by anti-CD 44 mAb. These results imply that proliferation of PBT can be upregulated when CD 44 on the PBT interact with HA. In contrast, anti-VLA integrin mAbs did not induce significantly increased PBT proliferation, suggesting that CD 44 might function as co-stimulatory molecules for T lymphocyte activation more effectively than VLA integrins. Interestingly, it was also revealed that co-stimulation via CD 44 drastically increased IL-2 production. Moreover, analysis utilizing semiquantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR) demonstrated that PBT co-stimulated with CD 44 induced rapid and marked messenger RNA expression of not only IL-2 but also interferon y and IL-4. The present results suggest that CD 44 may play important roles not only in functioning as an extracellular matrix receptor but also in the regulation of T lymphocyte proliferation when adhering to HA.View full abstractDownload PDF (2814K) -
Maki SHIBATA1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 242-254
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe tissue origin of proteoglycans (PG) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) remains unknown. This study was performed to compare the proteoglycans (C4S-, C6S-, and DS-PG), on a molecular basis, in gingival crevicular fluid, gingiva and alveolar bone tissues during a period of rapidly destructive, experimental periodontitis in dogs. Experimental periodontitis was induced by placement of a silk ligature below the gingival margin of the molar teeth in 12 mongrel dogs. The PG samples from serum, GCF and tissues were collected at 0 (healthy), 3, 7 and 21 days after ligature placement and analyzed by the Western blot technique. The membrane was stained using a combination of specific enzymatic digestion and monoclonal antibodies (2-B-6, 3-B-3).
The electrophoretic profile of PGs in the samples from the GCF and gingiva changed according to the severity of inflammation. In the GCF samples, a number of PG bands presenting between 12-18 and 28-49 KDa, which had not been detected on day 0, were found in the inflammatory phase (on days 3, 7 and 21) and coincided in electrophoretic mobility with those of gingival samples. Moreover, the PG bands which were inaccord with 16 KDa and 45 KDa noted in GCFsamples were also detected in samples ofalveolar bone, but not in those of serum. These results show that the molecular weights of PGs (C4 S-, C6S- and DS-PG) in GCF and gingival samples change during inflammatory processes and that portions of the PGs in GCF appear to be related to gingiva and alveolar bone.View full abstractDownload PDF (8100K) -
Toshihide OKABE, Soh SATO, Kyuichi KAMOI1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 255-271
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was undertaken to examine the effects of the following interdental brush factors on plaque removal : (1) the length of the bristles on the brush, (2) the diameter of the metal rod in the center of the interdental brush (3) the frequency of brushing, and (4) brushing pressure. Nine different types of interdental brushes were prepared, and their effectiveness in removing artificial plaque from the proximal surfaces of model teeth was examined. The following results were obtained.
1. With the addition of weight to the interdental brush pressure, plaque removal values increased. At pressures of 30 g and 40 g statistically significant increases in values were seen. In the pressure over 40 g group, plaque removal values were significantly decreased.
2. In the 5 mm bristle length group, plaque removal values were significantly increased as compared with the 3 mm and 7 mm groups.
3 . In the 0.30 mm and 0.35 mm wire diameter groups, plaque removal values were significantly increased as compared with the 0.25 mm group.
4. As the brushing frequency increased, plaque removal values increased significantly.View full abstractDownload PDF (3150K) -
Kohichi KIYONOBU, Yukihiro NUMABE, Kyuichi KAMOI1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 272-286
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlterations in the phagocytic function of PMNs play an important role in periodontal pathogenesis.
In this study, we focused on the phagocytic activities of peripheral blood PMNs (B-PMN), gingival crevicular fluid PMNs (C-PMN) and salivary PMNs (S-PMN). It is also known that two surface receptors on PMNs, the Fcγ. A receptor and the C 3 bi receptor, participate in phagocytosis. In this study, we investigated the correlation between phagocytic function and the expression of surface receptors. B-PMN, C-PMN and S-PMN were isolated from the healthy subjects.
For the analysis of phagocytic activities, PMNs were incubated with fresh human serum, RPMI 1640 media, and fluoresbrite beads for 45 minutes. For the analysis of receptor expression, PMNs (1×106 cells/ml) were incubated with monoclonal antibody (Fcγ A receptor (OK-NK) or C 3 bi receptor (OK-M1)). Flow cytometric analysis was performed on the Ortho Cytoron Absolute. The relationship between phagocytic activity and receptor expression of B-PMN incubated with GCF or saliva was also investigated.
The following results were obtained;
1. The phagocytic activities of C-PMN and S -PMN were lower than that of B-PMN .
2. Fcγ A receptor expressions of C-PMN and S -PMN were lower than that of B-PMN, and C 3 bi receptor expressions of C-PMN and S-PMN were higher than that of B-PMN.
3. Expression of the C 3 bi receptor was in-Tensed by GCF Fxpression of the Fcy receptor was decreased, and that of the C 3 bi receptor increased, by saliva.
4. Phagocytic activities were inhibited by GCF and saliva.
These results suggest that the phagocytic activities of C-PMN and S-PMN, which were decreased as compared to that of B-PMN, are associated with an alteration of surface status.View full abstractDownload PDF (2857K) -
Kiyoko TSUJIMURA, Masayuki MORISHITA, Kazuko KAWAHARA, Masami FUKUNAGA ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 287-293
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeat shock proteins (hsp) are highly evolutionary conserved proteins that are produced under a variety of cellular stress conditions. Hsp are known to have important biological functions in protein biogenesis and to participate in immune responses against bacterial infections. In order to investigate the correlation between periodontitis and hsp, we examined the expression of hsp 60 and hsp 70 genes in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL). The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to detect and quantify the enhanced expression of hsp. Both hsp 60 and hsp 70 were detected in unstimulated PDL. The expression of hsp 60 was not enhanced by either heat shock or bacterial sonic extracts. On the other hand, the expression of hsp 70 was enhanced when the PDL were treated with heat shock or a sonic extract from Actinobacillus actinomyceterncomitans and Escherichia coli. However, a sonic extract from Streptococcus sanguis and Lactobacillus casei did not enhance the expression of hsp 70.
These results suggest that the expression of hsp 70 in periodontal tissues might be enhanced by infection with periodontopathic bacteria.View full abstractDownload PDF (2132K) -
-Immunohistochemical Study to Type I, III Collagen and M- arker for Cell Proliferation-Hiroshi TSUJIGAMI, Shinji DEGUCHI, Akira SUGAYA, Nobumichi MOGI, Toshi ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 294-301
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of cell culturing in periodontal regeneration therapy, based on a number of reports in which periodontium derived cells effected tissue reconstruction. Fundamental studies using immunohistochemistry were done to assess the characteristics of spheroids which have a three dimensional structure and consist of cultured cells. Spheroids were made by long-term culture of human gingival fibroblasts, periodontal ligament fibroblasts and alveolar bone cells. Immunohistochemistry (ABC method), useing polyclonal antibodies for type I and III collagen by means of primary structural components for extracellular matrix (ECM), and the monoclonal antibody for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was employed as marker for cell proliferation. As a result, the spheroid from each tissue produced the type I and III collagen, and contained cells with proliferative capacity in the region surrounding the spheroid. From the results of HE staining, the central region of the spheroid showed an increasing collagen matrix dependent upon decreased cell occupancy, in the seven days post-spheroid formation group as compared to the one day group. The cells which formed the spheroid could spread again on the culture dish, as shown by phase-contrast microscopy. We conclude that spheroids may be applicable to periodontal reconstruction therapy, based on the results, indicating that spheroids are similar in nature to two dimensional monostratal cultured cells and contain abundant ECM.View full abstractDownload PDF (3630K) -
The Combination Effect of Povidon iodine and Saline SolutionEiichi SHIMADA, Hisahiro KAMOI, Akira NAWASHIRO, Yohichi SAITO, Akiko ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 302-311
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn ultrasonic scaler (Odontoson M ® w) as applied in combination with povidone-iodine solution to lower molars that were scheduled to be extracted, and changes in the subgingival bacterial flora and the rate of residual dental calculus were measured. The findings were compared with those from another ultrasonic scaler group given physiological saline solution and those from a manual scaler group. Clinical and microbiological examimations were performed before scaling, and one week later, the tooth was extracted after repeated examinations. Standard photographs of the root surface were taken to evaluate residual dental calculus. The results were as follows. The amount of gingival crevicular fluid and changes in the bacterial flora were significantly improved after scaling in the ultrasonic scaler group given povidone-iodine solution. Both the ultrasonic scaler groups that had periodontal pocket less than 3.0 mm deep showed a lower rate of residual calculus in the furcation involvement than the manual scaler group.
From these results, the ultrasonic scaler in combination with povidone-iodine solution was suggested to be effective against inflammation of the periodontal tissue and also in subgingival scaling.View full abstractDownload PDF (2223K) -
Taneaki NAKAGAWA, Atsushi SAITO, Junichi TAKAHASHI, Akiyo KOMIYA, Yasu ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 312-316
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was undertaken to evaluate the analytical performance of an immunoassay system (EvalusiteTM Periodontal Test) for the rapid detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Twenty subgingival plaque samples were collected from 10 patients with adult periodontitis. The samples were collected from both deep (more than 6mm) and shallow (nearly 3mm) periodontal pockets to provide a diverse set of culture results. Culture results were used as reference standards, and the specificity of the EvalusiteTM Test for P. gingivalis, P. intermedia and A. actinomycetemcomitans were all 100%. The sensitivity of the test increased to significant levels when levels of colonization were. ≥105 counts of P. gingivalis or P. intermedia or. ≥104 counts of A. actinomycetemcomitans. These data demonstrate that the EvalusiteTM Test is both specific and sensitive for the detection colonization by these three microorganisms in subgingival plaque. In addition, this test has been shown to be rapid and handy to use. Therefore, it can be employed as a useful chairside microbial test as an aid in the periodontal diagnosis and monitoring of the treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (717K) -
Koichi ITO, Kazunari ANDO, Nobuya AKAHIRA, Jun-ichi OTOGOTO, Seidai MU ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 317-324
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a dental rinse containing aluminum lactate for daily home care of dentinal hypersensitivity in a 6-week, double-blind study. Eightyfour subjects who complained of dentinal hypersensitivity to cold and/or tactile stimuli were randomly divided into two groups: one being given a dental rinse containing 2.18% aluminum lactate (test group) and the other a vehicle control dental rinse (control group). The hypersensitivity levels o f the affected teeth were assessed by application of tactile, cold air and cold water stimuli at a baseline, and after 2, 4 and 6 weeks. The hypersensitivity scores of both groups were significantly decreased, time-dependently, at weeks 2, 4 and 6 as compared to the baseline data. The reduction rates of the hypersensitivity scores for tactile and cold air stimuli in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group at week 6. The reduction rates in the test group at week 6 were 75.3% for the tactile stimulus, 64.1% for the cold air stimulus and 67.0% for the cold water stimulus. A white spot was temporarily formed on the inner lip of a subject in the test group, although a causal relationship between the white spot and the dental rinse was not clear. No other side effects were observed during the experimental periods. These findings suggest that daily home use of this dental rinse containing aluminum lactate was effective for the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity.View full abstractDownload PDF (1175K) -
Ryuichi NAKAMURA, Naoki MABUCHI, Motoi SUGITA, Mitsunobu KITAGO, Masaf ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 325-328
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSaliva may be a major contaminant in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). This report provides data obtained with polyanions as markers of saliva in GCF, used to assess the washing effect. Ten subjects, in clinically healthy periodontal condition, were studied. GCF was collected from the mesial and distal proximal surfaces of available first premolars in each subject. Polyanion-alcian blue complex was measured with a chromatoscanner by collecting GCF on cellulose acetate strips inserted into a gingival crevice for 15 seconds.
Saliva contamination was less in GCF from mesial than from distal sites in the non-washed group. In contrast, no difference was observed in saliva contamination between mesial and distal sites which were washed with a gentle water stream prior to collection (washed group). A smaller chromatoscanner value was found in GCF from washed than non-washed sites. These results indicate that washing the sites with water reduced, but did not eliminate, saliva in GCF.View full abstractDownload PDF (591K) -
Participation of Bacterial Biofilms in the Colonization of Plaque BacteriaYuichiro NOIRI, Keiko FUJINAKA, Tae KONDO, Kazumi OZAKI, Takashi MATSU ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 329-336
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of the present study was to examine whether a bacterial biofilm concerned with bacterial colonization and growth of subgingival plaque. We observed subgingival plaque in 18 severe adult periodontitis-affected teeth by scanning electron microscopy.
In the coronal one-third zone of subgingival plaque, cocci, rods and other organisms established film-like microcolonies by glycocalyx net-like structures. In the middle one-third zone, several kinds of bacterial species wcrc aggregated with blood cells. Film-like microcolonies were also observed in this zone.
We detected filamentous microorganisms appearing to arise from the film-like colonies, and observed holes which microorganisms had passed through the colonies. In the apical one-third zone, several bacterial species aggregated with glycocalyx-like structures, which comprised net -like and mucoidal structure . The microflora in this zone appeared to be more complex than those in the middle one-third zone.
In the so-called “plaque-free” zone, two types of bacterial adherence were observed : bacterial cell walls directly contacted with the root surface, and microorganisms adhered to the root surface mediated by the glycocalyx net-like materials.
The results of the present study suggest that bacterial biofilms are partially related to colonization and growth of subgingival plaque.View full abstractDownload PDF (3415K) -
Masakazu HOSHI, Sadahiko OHNISHI, Keiko TANAKA, Mikiko NAKANO, Yoshihi ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 337-345
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to examine the relations of insulin-dependence and diabetic microangiopathy to periodontitis in diabetes mellitus patients.
The study involved 28 diabetics and 33 age-and sex-matched non-diabetics. The 28 diabetic patients were classified into 4 diabetic subgroups according to 2 types of diabetic status: 14 noninsulin-dependent and 14 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, or 13 without and 15 with diabetic complications. The periodontal and general examination were comprised of recording the Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (P1-I), Calculus Index (CI), Pocket Depth (PD), Attachment Level (AL), number of missing teeth (MT), level of glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (HbAi), Body Mass Index (BMI) and duration of diabetes.
The GI, P1-I, CI, AL and MT were statistically higher in diabetics than in non-diabetics. However, there was no significant difference between the diabetic subgroups and no correlation with HbA1, BMI and duration of diabetes for the periodontal conditions.
The results of the present study suggest that periodontitis in diabetics is more advanced than in non-diabetic. However, the diabetic characteristics chosen for this study, i. e., type of diabetes, diabetic complications, HbAi, BMI and duration of diabetes, did not correlate with periodontal conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1352K) -
Devised Electric Interdental Brush, ITP-04Kazuko KAWAHARA, Hisako SASAHARA, Kiyoko TSUJIMURA, Tatsuji YAMAMURA, ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 346-352
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe newly devised electric interdental brush, ITP -04, has a finely vibrating grip and a conventional manual interdental brush attached to the tip of the grip. We tested the ITP-04 for its effectiveness in plaque removal and acceptability to patients, in comparison with the same type of manual interdental brush. Prior to the examination, twentyfour volunteers underwent screening for interdental spaces where the interdental brush could be applied by self-check, and the objective spaces were devided into two groups according to size. In spaces where the interdental brush could be inserted smoothly, there was no difference between the ITP -04 and the manual interdental brush . However, in spaces where the interdental brush could be inserted loosely, the ITP-04 showed a significantly higher plaque removal effect than the manual brush. Concerning the pressure of the ITP-04 on the teeth and gingiva, 70% of the subjects answered that it was comfortable and less than 10% that it was uncomfortable. About 10% experienced difficulty in handling the ITP-04 in the oral cavity.
The results of plaque removal testing and a questionnaire suggest that a finely vibrating electric interdental brush, such as the ITP-04, is a useful and acceptable device.View full abstractDownload PDF (1241K) -
Takaaki WATANABE, Joichiro SUZUKI, Makoto ARASE, Akiko IWABAYASHI, Tak ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 353-361
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present clinical trial, the effects of an oscillating/rotating electric toothbrush (ET: Plak Contorol D 5 ®, BRAUN) and a manual toothbrush (MT: PROCT R 4-M ®, Sunstar) on the clinical parameters were examined in the periodontal initial treatment.
Twenty periodontal patients, aged 19-63 years, with gingivitis or slight periodontitis were recruited for this study. The participants were asked at random allocated to either ET (n=10) group or MT (n=10) group and were to perform toothbrushing to use with only the assigned toothbrush each morning, daytime and evening for 4 minutes. No toothpaste was used throughout this study. Oral hygiene instruction was given by an instruction video.
The clinical parameters used in this study were Plaque Index (PH), Gingival Index (GI), Probing pocket Depth (PD) and Plaque Control Record (PCR). They were examined at the baseline, after two and four weeks. There were no siginificant differences in each parameter between the two groups at the baseline. Side effects of their usage were also checked after two and four weeks.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. Significant differences in every clinical parameter were not recognized between the electric and manual toothbrushes.
2. Significant differences (P<0.01) were recognized in each group after four weeks compared to the clinical parameters at the baseline.
3. The mean values of PCR after four weeks in every group were still twentie's percent. So, it was recommended to use other oral cleaning agents for thorough plaque control.
4. Gingival injury was recognized in the electric (10%) and manual (30%) toothbrush group. A significant difference (P<0.05) was found between the two groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (1569K) -
Performance and Clinical EffectivenessSatoshi YAMADA, Yoshio NOMURA, Kei MORITA, Shuichi SATO, Hiromi SHIGEN ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 362-370
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to control the pathogenetic anaerobes in periodontal pockets, we have developed a device Air-jet irrigator: (AJ) which is able to spray both air and irrigant into the deep periodontal pockets.
The purposes of this study were to evaluate the accessibility of oxygen and irrigant into the deep pockets, and to examine the effect of AJ clinically and microbiologically.
The accessbility of the air and dye solution by AJ were assesssed using the model that is composed of agar and resazurine, and using the teeth programed to be extracted for progressive periodontitis, respectively. These preliminaly studies suggested that AJ could possess the capacity enough to deliver both oxygen and dye solution into periodontal pockets.
Concentrations of retylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in periodontal pockets were measured following spray. In such study, significant concentration of CPC was observed in periodontal pockets 30 minutes after the application.
On the other hand, the clinical and microbiological effects of AJ were also shown in home-care use, by using seven patients with periodontitis.
These findings suggest that AJ could be effective for the reduction of anaerobic bacteria in periodontal pockets, and for the improvement of clinical periodontal conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (2226K) -
The Effective Factors Concerning Pain Status.Yukihiro NUMABE, Takashi YOSHIHAMA, Kohichi KIYONOBU, Hiroshi ITO, Kyu ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 371-383
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo obtain clues to understanding the items which are necessary for determining the present situation and providing patients with a more comfortable outcome after periodontal surgery, we carried out a questionnaire survey which focused on pain occuring after surgery in 110 patients who underwent periodontal surgery in the Periodontics clinic of the Nippon Dental University Hospital. We also surveyed 21 surgeons in the department. The surgeons were questioned about the type of periodontal surery performed, its extent, the status of the periodontal disease and the route of drug administration. The patients were asked about the general medical history, severity and duration of postoperative pain and medication. The most severe degree of pain felt by patients was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and expressed as the pain score. The following results were obtained: The mean VAS value was 33.3% (minimum: 0%, maximum: 87%). There were no correlations among sex, age, duration of surgery, extent of the surgical field, status of the periodontal lesion in the surgical field, and VAS values. The VAS values were higher in the case of flap surgery involving osteoplasty, ostectomy, root separation, hemisection, tooth extraction, artificial bone transplantation, or GTR membrane implantation as compared to flap surgery without other procedures. Postoperative VAS balues tended to increase with complications, e. g., surgical wound dehiscence and ulceration. The results of the present questionnaire survey suggest the factors involving not only the surgeons but also patients are important in achieving successful pain control after periodontal surgery.View full abstractDownload PDF (1784K) -
Kaoru BANDOH, Takeyoshi KOSEKI, Eiichi SUGIYAMA, Isao ISHIKAWA1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 384-391
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontal treatment and maintenance therapy of 10 years duration. The study population consisted of 1 juvenile, 2 rapidly progressive and 43 adult periodontitis patients.
The average age of the patients was 42.3 years at the initial visit and the average duration of observation was 14. 1 years. At the initial and most recent maintenance visits, the number of remaining teeth and the interproximal bone levels on X-ray films were measured. The average number of remaining teeth was 27. 4 at baseline and 24. 7 at final follow up. The total number of lost teeth during observation was 124, that is 2. 7 per individual. Four patients had lost more than 0.6 teeth per year, 5 patients had lost 0.3 to 0.6 teeth and 37 patients had lost less than 0. 3. Twenty maxillary second molars and 18 mandibular third molars were extracted. The extractions were commonly located in the molar region and bilaterally symmetrical patterns of extraction were observed. Bone loss was observed in some regions of the mouth at the most recent visit. However, our data suggest that, despite slight bone loss, periodontal therapy was effective if maintenance therapy was correctly performed and that such treatment modalities facilitate reaching the goal of the “8020” movement.View full abstractDownload PDF (1059K) -
Seiichi YOKOTA, Toru NAITO, Masatoshi HITAKA, Makoto YOKOTA1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 392-399
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study, we investigated the relationship between the extent of periodontal destruction, and the interdental space of proximal contact (CT) in periodontal patients. Nineteen patients diagnosed with periodontitis at the first visit were selected for this study. We measured probing pocket depth (PPD), probing attachment level (PAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) as clinical parameters which showed periodontal destruction. CT was evaluated using a set of contact gauges (S. D. contact gauge, San Dental®, Japan).
The three thicknesses, were 50μm, 100μm and 150μm. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship beteen CT and clinical parameters measured at interproximal, buccal and lingual sites.
The results of this study suggest that there was a positive correlation between PPD and CT of all sites. There was also a significant correlation between PAL and CT, at all sites. However, the most significant correlation between clinical parameters and CT was observed at interproximal sites.View full abstractDownload PDF (1122K) -
Itaru HORIKI1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 400-411
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontal ligament cells on osteoclastic activities in cases of tooth resorption.
Isolated rabbit osteoclasts on bovine bone slices were co-cultured at 37.. for 48h, with PDL under the following conditions, both below the PDL and mixtures. The number and area of resorption lacunae excavated on the surface of the bone slices were quantified microscopically after visualization by immunostaining with anti-collagen type-I antibody. In both the below and the mixture groups, the number and area of lacunae were significantly decreased as compared to the control.
In addition, examination of the cytoskeleton for F -actin bundles revealed that the ratio of osteoclasts with podosomes was decreased when these cells were cultured with PDL.
These results suggest that PDL cells have an inhibitory effect on osteoclastic bone resorption activities when in contact with osteoclasts in vitro.View full abstractDownload PDF (4842K) -
Nobuyasu ASAKI, Hisahiro KAMOI, Akane NARA, Fumie UNO, Mizuho AGATSUMA ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 2 Pages 412-421
Published: June 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSJapanese green tea has long been known to have an anticarious action and a halitosis-preventing action. The active ingredient, catechin, has been reported to have antibacterial and antioxidant actions. Accordingly, we investigated the usefulness of green tea leaf ingredients as a chemical plaque control agent. The subjects were 45 male and female volunteers ranging from 15 to 25 years of age, in whom the Plaque Index and Gingival Index were controlled to zero before initiation of the study. The subjects were divided into two groups. In group I, the subjects were asked to rinse their oral cavities with a mouthwash containing 1.2% green tea extract (catechin) during the study period, and using a mouthwash produced by eliminating tea extracts alone from catechin. Subjects in group II rinsed their oral cavities with catechin during the study period, and distilled water during the control period. The subjects were not allowed to use a toothbrush or other cleaning devices during these periods. The following clinical parameters were measured 0, 3, 7 and 10 days after initiation of the study : 1) Plaque Index, 2) Gingival Index, 3) Gingival crevicular fluid level, 4) Bacterial flora, and 5) Halitosis. As a result, suppression of plaque increase, prevention of gingivitis and prevention of halitosis were noted after oral rinsing with the mouthwash containing tea leaf extracts. These findings indicate that Japanese green tea leaf ingredients are useful as a chemical plaque control agent.View full abstractDownload PDF (1358K)
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