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Volume 37, Issue 3
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Changes in Distribution of Fibronectin around HAP, TBC and c-TBCKazushige OHSAWA, Koh ICHIMURA1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 443-456
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLong-term stability of dental implants for the repairing of alveolar bone defects depends on the integration of the artificial material around bone tissue. Especially in the early stage, the physical and chemical properties of the implant material including those of materials such as hydroxyapatite and demineralized bone, are thought to influence osseointegration. Despite the known importance of this interface, little is known about the factors that promote its formation.
In this study, hydroxyapatite (HAP), bovine sintered bone (TBC), and collagen coated bovine sintered bone (c-TBC) were implanted into the calvaria of Wistar rats, and the implants were examined in terms of morphology, biosynthesis, and distribution of fibronectin (FN), one of the extracellular matrix components, at various times, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days after implantation. The nature of the contact sites formed during the adhesion of fibroblasts to experimental materials was investigated by fluorescence microscopy, and an ACAS 570 laser cytometer was adopted to measure average fluorescence of individual specimens. The laser cytometer revealed that fibroblasts adhered securely to the HAP, c-TBC and TBC, and frequently bridged the uneven surface by means of cellular processes. The accumulation of FN surrounding c-TBC, TBC and HAP implants was noted. The synthesis of FN was substantially reduced in the experimental area in calvaria after 14 days, and a difference in the degree of reduction of FN synthesis was seen among the experimental materials. At 5 days, the average fluorescence of HAP was higher than that of TBC or c-TBC. However, the average fluorescence of all materials at 14 days was the same.
These results strongly suggest that bone implant material surfaces may act like“ natural” substrata to permit microscopic tissue/cell ingrowth to improve clinical bone implant material fixation.View full abstractDownload PDF (5887K) -
Eiji TSUKADA1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 457-467
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to evaluate Deoxy -piridinoline (DPD) and Osteocalcin (OC), which are bone metabolic markers, in alveolar bone turnover. For the in vitro study, medium was recovered after isolated rabbit osteoclasts had been cultured on canine alveolar bone slices for 48 hr to study the relation between alveolar bone resorption and DPD produced in the medium. Experimental periodontitis was induced by silk thread ligation in the gingival sulci of beagle dogs. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), urine and serum were collected at 0, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after ligature. DPD was measured by the ELISA method using monoclonal antibody. Furthermore, to evaluate OC in serum as a marker of alveolar bone formation, blood samples were collected every week after surgical bone defects had been prepared adjacent to a mandibular premolar tooth.
As a result, (1) The level of DPD in the medium increased significantly in co-culture with osteoclasts and bone as compared to controls. (2) In GCF and urine, the DPD level increased dramatically on day 3 but decreased at 14 and 21 days. DPD did not fluctuate in serum during the experimental period. (3) The level of OC in serum increased significantly at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after surgery in the formation of new bone.
These suggest that DPD in GCF and urine and OC in serum may be suitable markers for alveolar bone remodeling in periodontal disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (3321K) -
Atsutoshi YOSHIMURA, Yoshitaka HARA, Kumiko OKANO, Takashi KANEKO, Mas ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 468-474
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTNF-α secretion by mouse peritoneal macrophages following stimulation with LPS derived from oral. (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacteriumnucleatum, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Capnocytophaga ochracea) or nonoral. (Escherichia coli) Gram-negative bacteria was investigated. LPS from A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum and E. coli stimulated macrophages to produce greater amounts ofTNF-α than LPSfrom P. gingivalis and C. ochracea in repeated in vitro experiments. Furthermore, considerable amounts of TNF-α were detected in the sera of mice injected intraperitoneally with LPS from A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum andE. coli, whereas no TNF-α was detected in the sera of control mice or mice treated with LPS from P. gingivalis and C. ochracea. Finally, the peritoneal exudate macrophages from mice injected with LPS from F. nucleatum. or E. coli produced less TNF-α on a subsequents timulation with taxol than the macrophages from mice injected with PBS or those from mice treated with LPS from P. gingivalis and C. ochracea. Nevertheless, LPS from A. actinomycetemcomitans, which induced high levels ofTNF-α release in the primary responses, did not suppress the subsequent response. These findings indicate that the effects of LPS derived from periodontopathic bacteria on TNF-α release by mouse peritoneal macrophages differed in the primary and secondary responses. Moreover, the serum levels of TNF-α differed according to the type of LPS injected.View full abstractDownload PDF (1007K) -
Takashi UKAI, Yoshitaka HARA, Atsutoshi YOSHIMURA, Hiroshi SHIKU, Ihac ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 475-482
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlveolar bone resorption induced by repeated injections of Escherichia coli (E. coli) endotoxin into T cell-depleted murine gingiva was examined histometrically to clarify the influences of T cells on bone resorption. The mice were divided into the following four groups; normal BALB/c mice treated with PBS (PBS group) and CD4 and/or CD8 T cell subset-depleted BALB/c mice treated with anti -CD4 and/or anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody (anti -CD4, anti-CD8, anti-CD4+anti-CD8 group). E. coli endotoxin was injected into the gingiva on alternate days. The bone surfaces in contact with osteoclasts were defined as the site of active resorption and bone resorption was evaluated by the ratio of active resorption. After the seventh injection of endotoxin, the ratios of alveolar bone resorption in the PBS and anti-CD8 groups were higher than those of anti-CD4 and anti-CD4+anti-CD8 groups. After the thirteenth injection, anti-CD 4 and anti-CD 8 groups showed lower and, conversely, the anti-CD4+anti-CD8 group showed a higher ratio than the PBS group. These findings suggest that T cells play an important role in alveolar bone resorption caused by endotoxin and that the effects of T cells, especially CD 4 T cells, on alveolar bone resorption are variable, being either accelerative or suppressive during the course of endotoxin treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (2388K) -
Atsushi KANAZAWA, Tadamori KAZIMOTO, Yutaka DOI, Yutaka MORIWAKI, Yuki ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 483-493
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the powder-liquid ratio of self-setting hydroxyapatite cement (HAP-C) on bone repair capacity. We used 9 mongrel dogs in the experiment.
The P1-P4 mandibular teeth were extracted. Three months postextraction, osseous defects (3.2×3.0mm) were created through the buccal cortical plate. Two types of HAP-C; 1) HAP-C having a powder-liquid ratio of 0.4 or 0.62) HAP -C having a porosity rate of 0% or 70%, were used to fill each of the defects, respectively. Dogs were sacrificed 2-8 weeks after surgery and block sections were prepared for histological observation.
Foreign body responses were barely ovservable in the tissue around the cement in all specimens of the HAP-C group. The newly formed bone was noted to be directly in contacted with the setting cement.
The implanted setting cements with a 0.4 powder -liquid ratio and 0% porosity rate remained in the osseous defects, while the cements with a 0.6 powder-liquid ratio and 70% porosity rate were replaced by newly formed bone.
These results suggest that the dynamics of HAP -C in vivo are affected by its powder-liquid ratio, which may alter the porosity rate of HAP-C.View full abstractDownload PDF (6303K) -
Assessment of GTR Membranes Using a Hu-man Osteoblastic Cell LineNoriyoshi KURIHARA, Junichi TATSUMI, Koh ICHIMURA, Katsumi IKEDA1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 494-503
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe assessed several GTR (guided tissue regeneration) membranes, using an osteoblastic cell line, with a focus on evaluating biological affinity in vitro. MG 63 derived from an osteoblastic cell line of human osteosarcoma were cultured with or without several GTR membranes. Examinations of morphology, biosynthesis of extracellular matrix (fibronectin, type I and III collagen) and osteocalcin synthesis, as a function of early phase cell attachment and growth during the culture period of 3 to 6 days, were conducted. The nature of the contact sites formed during the adhesion of osteoblasts to GTR membranes were investigated by fluorescence microscopy and adapted to the ACAS 570, a laser cytometer, to measure the distribution and average fluorescence of individual specimens. The ACAS 570 findings, in both GTR membrane groups, for type I and type III collagen were already apparent on day 3, and on day 6 higher levels of these binding proteins were detected, For fibronectin, however, day 6 levels were remarkably decreased as compared to day 3 and had vdrtually disappeared. We were also unceble to identity any localizations of fibronectin, or type I and type III collagen in any of the groups. In terms of osteocalcin contents of cultivated supernatants, as well, there was no significant difference among the control, Millipore ® and Gore-Tex ® groups. From these results, we suggest that both the Millipore ® and the Gore-Tex® membrane have good biological affinity for periodontal tissue.View full abstractDownload PDF (3829K) -
Toshihiko NAGATA, Chika KASAHARA, Jun-ichi KIDO, Hiroyuki SHINOHARA, S ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 504-509
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are some common features between urinary stones and dental calculus in terms of contents and the age-related incidence. In this study, we investigated dental calculus condition in patients suffering from urinary stones in order to determine whether or not these patients tend to have any more dental calculus than persons who have never had urinary stones. The subjects were 40 patients (stone group, mean 53 years old) and 57 controls (control group, mean 47 years old). None of the subjects had had a scaling treatment within 6 months. CI-S was applied for the dental calculus index using 6 anterior and posterior teeth, as previously reported. The examination revealed that CIS in the stone group was significantly higher than in the control group, showing 1.10±0.09 and 0.37±0.05, respectively. A three-times higher index was also observed when 6 mandibular anterior teeth were examined (1.63±0.15 vs. 0.60±0.11). Correlations between calcium- or phosphor-contents in urine and CI-S were determined, but there were no correlations between the urinary contents and CI-S, indicating that the incidence of dental calculus does not relate to urinary calcium and phosphor. These findings suggest that there may be a close relationship between urinary stones and dental calculus formations.View full abstractDownload PDF (921K) -
Effects of Periodontal Pocket Irrigation Using an Air-jet I-rrigator in the Initial Preparation PhaseNaoya IWASAKI, Yukihiro NUMABE, Hisahiro KAMOI, Akiko ITOH, Kyuichi KA ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 510-514
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe observed the influence of irrigating inside of the periodontal pockets with cetylpyridinium chloride using an Air-jet irrigator in the initial preparation phase by examining clinical parameters and bacterial flora in the periodontal pockets of patients with periodontal disease. Early improvements in Plaque index, Gingival index, Probing depth and Attachment level, as clinical features, and in Periocheck ®, as bacteriological findings, were obtained in the Air-jet group as compared to the control group treated with the initial preparation alone. There were no significant differences in Bleeding on Probing between these two groups. These results suggest that the concomitant use of the Air-jet irrigator in the initial preparation phase may reduce bacterial flora in the periodontal pockets and contribute to subsequent improvement of clinical symptoms.View full abstractDownload PDF (806K) -
Measurement of Probing Pocket Depth and Bleeding on ProbingHidekazu KITAMURA, Tomoko HAYASHI, Akiko DESAKI, Manami YAMADA, Keizou ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 515-521
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo investigations were conducted in this study to assess the clinical value of a newly developed automated probe (Peri Probe ®.) Seven healthy and 7 chronic periodontitis adult subjects participated in the first investigation. Measurement of the probing pocket depth with the Peri Probe ® or the William's type probe was evaluated to ascertain the reproducibility of the data from the same examiner and between either of two examiners. There was a statistically significant correlation between the data from the same examiner and from different examiners with the application of the Peri Probe (®.) The index of bleeding on probing was used to evaluate the reproducibility of both probes in the subsequent investigation which included 20 sugjects with chronic periodontitis. There was a statistically high correlation between the data obtained with the two probes. The Peri Probe ® w as demonstrated to be a clinically valuable instrument in this study.View full abstractDownload PDF (1743K) -
Fumihiko SUZUKI, Masato MINABE, Kazumori KIMURA, Takashi YOSHINO, Hiro ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 522-531
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA clinical study was performed to elucidate whether or not the combined treatment of intragingival administration of minocycline-containing collagen pellet (MINO pellet) with root planing (test group) is more useful than single root planing treatment (control group) on recurrent periodontitis. As compared to the control group, probing dcpth decreased significantly at and after 3 months and BOP was a significantly lower positive rate after 9 or 12 months of treatment in the test group. In addition, relapse occurred at 4 of 19 sites in the test group and at 10 of 18 sites in the control group within 12 months after treatment. In the examination by mean of the DNA probing method using a periodontal pathogen as an index and measurement of enzyme activity, a significantly decreased positive rage was still observed 12 months after treatmcnt in both test and control groups as compared with their pretreatment values. These results indicate that the Intragingival administration of MINO pellet is a useful therapeutic measure for recurrent periodontitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1332K) -
Taneaki NAKAGAWA, Shiori TAJIMA, Keizo TODOROKI, Mari HAYASHI, Hirotak ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 532-538
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis investigation was designed to assess the effectiveness of a counter-rotary action powered toothbrush, INTERPLAK ®, in removing supragingival plaque and in the improvement of periodontal conditions.
Twenty-eight patients with chronic adult peniodontitis were randomly assigned to either an “electric” (n=18) or “manual” (n=10) group. The supragingival plaque score (PCR) per person which was obtained and calculated with the modified Plaque Control Record of O'Leary and 3 other indices used to evaluate periodontal conditions which included probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), and the amount of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), were recorded at baseline, and at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Mean values of PCR in the “electric” and the “manual” groups were reduced from 65.8% to 30.5% and from 66.7% to 38.3%, respectively. Both groups showed improved periodontal conditions with the reduction in PD, BOP, and GCF. Although there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the reduction of PCR, PD and BOP, as well as GCF, the “electric” group showed significantly larger reductions in plaque scores in the interproximal areas between molars as compared to the “manual” group (p<0.01).
These results indicate that the counter-rotary action powered toothbrush removed supragingival plaque and improved periodontal conditions as effective as the manual toothbrush and was even better in the interproximal areas between molars.View full abstractDownload PDF (1012K) -
1. Clinical Evaluation of Guided Tissue Regeneration in the Treatment of Gingival RecessionsKitetsu SHIN, Takashi MIYATA, Katsumi IKEDA1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 539-549
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to clinically evaluate facial gingival recessions treated with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane according to the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) procedure. The procedure was used on 6 patients (8 upper cuspid) with isolated the Miller class I and class II marginal tissue recession defects, 2.5-5.0mm deep. With an acrylic resin stent, marginal tissue recession was measured presurgically and 18 months postsurgically. The trapezoidal flap was raised 3 to 4mm apical to the margin of the bone dehiscence. The exposed root surface was scaled to a flat shape using curettes and burs to create space for regeneration. An ePTFE membrane was adapted to the cement-enamel junction and retained in position by sling sutures. The flap was sutured coronally and the membrane removed 4 weeks later. The patients were evaluated for recession depth (RD), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD) and keratinized tissue width (KTW) before and 18 months after surgery.
The following results were obtained:
1. At 18 months postsurgically, the mean RD was 0.8mm (presurgical=4.2mm). This represents a mean recession reduction of 3.4mm, and a mean root coverage of 82.2% (p<0.001).
2. The mean CAL was 1.9mm (presurgical= 5.5mm). This represents a mean attachment gain of 3.6mm (p<0.001).
3. The mean PD was slightly reduced (0.2 mm), although the degree of reduction was not statistically significant.
4. The mean KTW increased slightly (0.9 mm), although the degree of increase was not statistically significant.View full abstractDownload PDF (3384K) -
The Influence of Taper Ratioand Widthof Tipson the Effect of Artificial Plaque RemovalShinobu NISHIKADO, Yutaka OSADA, Ihachi KATO1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 550-557
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo date, we have studied the effect of ultrasonic cavitation for plaque control. Our previous report (1994) using an ultrasonic scaler available on the market and 20 types of plaque removing tips newly developed by our laboratory revealed the relationship between shapes comprising an angle and the position of bending and amplitude, and between the shape and the plaque removal effect. In this study, we tested new plaque removing tips bent once or twice, with different taper ratios and widths and examined how the taper ratio and the width of these tips affect the amplitude and the plaque removal effect. In the experiment using tips bent once with different taper ratio, the amplitude increase was brought about by tips with a smaller taper ratio. Among these tips, however, only four with an amplitude exceeding a constant value were effective for plaque removal. Similarly, in another experiment using the tips bent once with different widths, the wider tips bent at the angle of 20 and 40 degrees produced more effective plaque removal, but did not effect the amplitude. However, in the case of the tips bent at the angle of 60 and 80 degrees, the narrower tips yielded the greater amplitude and more effective plaque removal. On the contrary, the tips bent twice in comparison with those bent once caused amplitude increases and enhanced the plaque removal effect. However no definite relationship between the taper ratio and the width was identified.View full abstractDownload PDF (1974K) -
The Effectiveness of Artificial Plaque Deposition Removal on the Interproximal Tooth Surfaces of Normal Jaw ModelsShinobu NISHIKADO, Hidetaka TANAKA, Yutaka OSADA, Ihachi KATO1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 558-567
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have been studying the development of a new plaque control method using ultrasonic cavitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of artificial plaque on the interproximal tooth surfaces by ultrasonic cavitation around the osciallating tips in water. For this purpose, we used 2 different type tips with high effectiveness in the removal of artificial plaque and prepared three kinds of tooth models with normal jaw models. These tooth models were designated as the upper bilateral central teeth (1 1), the upper right canine and first premolars (4 3), and the upper right first and second molars (7 6). The areas of artificial plaque removed from the tooth surfaces, mesial in 1 and 41 and distal in 61, were rapidly measured with the two different methods used by these tips; the use by projection from one side, palatal or facial, and from both sides. Moreover, we investigated the relationship between the rate of plaque removal and the shape of the interproximal space in each tooth type. The following results were obtained : 19The rate of plaque removal was the highest in 1j and the same in jj and 61. (2) Higher rates of plaque removal were obtained by using a tip from the palatal side in 11 and 41, whereas no difference was seen in J between the rates with use from the facial and palatal sides. (3) In cases with use from both sides, almost all plaque was ascertained to have been removed effectively in a shorter time. (4) There were no significant differences between these two tips in the rate of plaque removal. (5) It was suggested that these findings reflect morphological factors of the teeth and interproximal space.View full abstractDownload PDF (3107K) -
Naoko ARISHIMA, Kenji TANABE, Hiromi KAWASAKI, Motoyuki SUZUKI, Hajime ...1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 568-577
Published: September 28, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPeriodontal treatment of moderate to advanced periodontitis often results in an apical movement of the gingival margin and consequent exposure of the roots. In the anterior segments, this occasionally results in cosmetic or speech problems. Several gingival prostheses made of chemically cured resin have been employed to solve these problems, but the rigidness of the material limits their indications in periodontal practice.
The purpose of this study was to test the biocompatibility of a new silicone material for gingival prosthesis and to evaluate clinical efficacies in cosmetic and speech improvements in silicone prostheses.
Biocompatibility evaluation was employed to determine whether the chemically cured resin and silicone materials were each implanted into the dorsal subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats. After 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and specimens stained with H.E. were observed microscopically. The results showed that there was no specific, recognizable tissue reaction in the tissue surrounding the silicone materials as compared to that of chemically cured resin.
Clinical efficacies of the silicone prostheses were evaluated in 8 patients. Speech improvement was assessed by palatography and airflow examination for a subject with a speech difficulty involving [S] pronunciation. Improvements in cosmetic disturbance, speech problems and food impactions were assessed by questionnaire.View full abstractDownload PDF (4226K) -
1995 Volume 37 Issue 3 Pages 598
Published: 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 25, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (76K)
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