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Volume 46 (2004)
- Issue 4 Pages 247-
- Issue 3 Pages 175-
- Issue 2 Pages 79-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 46, Issue 4
December
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Original Works
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Tatsuo Yamamoto, Junko Shimono, Ai Kanja, Midori Tsuneishi, Tatsuo Wat ...Article type: Others
Subject area: Others
2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 247-252
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationship between periodontal disease and obesity or blood pressure has been suggested in some epidemiological studies in the general population. In this cross-sectional study, patients in the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment were used to evaluate the relationship.
Sixty male and 88 female patients (mean age, 61.8 and 59.3 years old, respectively) were recruited. The patients had not experienced the acute phase of the periodontal disease during the previous 6 months. The patients had less than 20% of periodontal sites with bleeding on probing (BOP). Patients who had taken antibiotics or drugs for hypertension or diabetes mellitus during the previous 6 months were excluded. The number of the present teeth, the average probing pocket depth (PD), the average probing attachment level (AL), the rate of BOP and the plaque control record (PCR) were recorded. The patients were asked about smoking status, height and weight, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and pulse rate were measured with an oscillometric method. Male subjects had significantly higher PD, AL, PCR, diastolic blood pressure, height, weight and BMI than female subjects. Multiple regression analysis was performed on the adjusted age, number of present teeth, PCR, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, height, weight, BMI, and smoking status. Male AL was related to the number of the present teeth, diastolic blood pressure and a smoking habit. On the other hand, female AL was related to the number of the present teeth and age.
Male PD was related to BMI; however, no relationship was shown between female PD and blood pressure or BMI. The male BOP was associated with weight and female BOP with BMI. These results suggest that there is a close relationship between periodontal status and BMI, which is observed even in periodontal maintenance patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (313K) -
Takaaki Tomofuji, Tetsuji Azuma, Hiroki Kusano, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Toru ...Article type: Others
Subject area: Others
2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 253-258
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProbing depth (PD) and attachment level (AL) are often used as clinical indices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of PD and AL to identify periodontal conditions (e.g., active or non-active) in patients. One hundred and ninety-three periodontal patients (Mean age ; 61.7 years old, 77 males and 116 females) participated in this study. They were selected as those who had exhibited no clinical signs of recurrent periodontitis for at least 6 months prior to the study. PD and AL assessed at 6 sites around each tooth were analyzed for the relationship with age, gender, bleeding on probing (BOP) and tooth mobility. The mean PD and AL per person were 1.89 mm and 2.75 mm, respectively. The AL per person increased significantly according to age (r=0.36, p < 0.001), whereas no significant correlation was observed between the mean PD and age. There were significant differences of the mean PD and AL (p < 0.001) between the BOP-positive and -negative teeth. A multiple linear regression analysis showed that AL had a stronger effect on degrees of tooth mobility than PD. These results indicate that PD and AL reflect the activity and severity of periodontal disease, respectively. Periodontal condition in maintenance patients should be evaluated based on the individual two aspects, activity (PD) and severity (AL) of periodontitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (320K) -
Daisuke Fuma, Koji Inagaki, Yuichi Ishihara, Masanori Koide, Junichiro ...Article type: Others
Subject area: Others
2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 259-265
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEstrogen is thought to play a role in inhibiting bone resorption and reduced estrogen levels correlate with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Menopause and oophorectomy have been associated with increased production of bone resorption-inducing cytokines. The purpose of the present study was to compare the concentrations of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of premenopausal and postmenopausal women. IL-1 α, IL-1 β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (ra) and the total IL-1/IL-1 ra ratio (IL-1 activity index ; IL-1 AI) were measured in 144 GCF samples from 72 sites in 12 premenopausal patients (Pr group : age 44.2±2.2) and 72 sites in 12 postmenopausal patients (Po group : age 57.8±1.3). IL-1 α, IL-1 β and IL-1 ra were measured by specific non-crossreactive enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. The probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, tooth mobility, gingival index, and alveolar bone loss of each site were recorded at the time of GCF sampling. The marginal gingival inflammation in both groups was well controlled and the clinical inflammatory assessments of the gingival condition were indistinguishable in both groups. The concentrations of IL-1 α, IL-1 β, IL-1 ra and IL-1 AI in the Po group were significantly higher than those in the Pr group (IL-1 α 110.0±15.1 pg/ml ; 61.3±8.8 pg/ml, P < 0.01, IL-β 27.3±4.8 pg/ml ; 15.6±3.4 pg/ml, P < 0.05, IL-1 ra 77.2±13.6 ng/ml ; 39.9±4.3 ng/ml, P < 0.01, IL-1 AI, 27.3±4.8 pg/ml ; 15.6±3.4 pg/ml, 86951<0.05). Conclusively, the increased IL-1 α, IL-1 β, IL-1 ra concentrations and IL-1 AI in the Po group suggest that menopause does correlate with increased IL-1 cytokine in GCF.View full abstractDownload PDF (369K) -
Kensuke Iwasaka, Jun Negishi, Kozo Yamaji, Masamitsu KawanamiArticle type: Others
Subject area: Others
2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 266-277
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe studied bone formation induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) combined with polylactate-polyglycolate-copolymer/gelatine sponge complexes (PGS) at palatal subperiosteal sites in 54 male Wister rats with STZ-induced diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin-treated STZ-induced diabetes mellitus (INS-DM), or nondiabetes mellitus (nonDM). Rats were divided into 6 groups consisting of PGS implanted alone (nonDM-PGS, DM-PGS, and INS-DM-PGS) and rhBMP-2 combined with PGS implanted (nonDM-BMP, DM-BMP, and INS-DM-BMP). Rats were sacrificed 6 weeks after implantation and histopathologically observaed and histometrically evaluated. New bone formation was observed in all groups, and the new bone was almost completely continuous with the original palatal bone. The DM-PGS group showed significantly less new bone thickness among the 3 groups with PGS implantion alone. NonDM-BMP, DM-BMP and INS-DM-BMP showed significantly greater new bone thickness than did nonDM-PGS, DM-PGS, and INS-DM-PGS groups.
These results indicate that rhBMP-2 combined with PGS enhances new bone formation continuous with original bone under STZ-induced diabetes status, although it decreases reparative bone formation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1907K) -
Keisuke Ibe, Hirofumi Miyaji, Tsutomu Sugaya, Masamitsu KawanamiArticle type: Others
Subject area: Others
2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 278-287
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe objective of this study was to evaluate periodontal regeneration in canine premolars after application of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 to root dentin surfaces.
Eighty periodontal defects using a dehiscence model were surgically produced on the buccal roots of premolars of six beagles. After a partial thickness muco-gingival flap was elevated, soft tissues including the periosteum, the periodontal ligament and the cementum were removed. Subsequently, denuded dentin surfaces were demineralized with 24% EDTA, 0, 100, 400, 1000μg/ml BMP-2 solutions were applied, and then labeled as groups 0, 100, 400, 1000, respectively. In the untreated, control group, root dentin was neither demineralized nor was BMP-2 applied. Histological and histometrical analyses were performed at four and eight weeks after surgery.
At eight weeks, new cementum formation in the 1000 group was significantly greater than the 0 group. Cementum formation in the control group was significantly suppressed compared with all the other groups. Interestingly, cementum-like tissue which was expressed discontinuously to the residual cementum was observed in the 100, 400 and 1000 groups.
Ankylosis, which was exclusively observed in the coronal part of newly formed bone, was occasionally displayed in groups 400 and 1000 at four weeks. At eight weeks, ankylosis was rarely demonstrated in any group.
New bone formation extended to the coronal area from the residual alveolar bone in all groups. At eight weeks, new bone in the 400 and 1000 groups was significantly greater than the control and 0 groups.
Down-growth of the junctional epithelium in the 400 and 1000 groups was significantly smaller than that in 0 group.
These results suggest that BMP-2 application to the root dentin surface may be conductive to periodontal tissue regeneration.View full abstractDownload PDF (2213K) -
Kazuharu Irie, Yasunori Sakakura, Eichi Tsuruga, Yoichiro Hosokawa, To ...2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 288-293
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the changes of the mandible and alveolar bone in postmenopausal osteoporosis, we examined the changes of structure in mandible and alveolar bone of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Twelve female Wistar rats (25-week old) were divided into two groups equally. Nine weeks after ovariectomy, we examined the mandibles of OVX and sham control (Sham) rats by micro-focus computed tomography (μCT). Bone volume and trabecular thickness in OVX group were significantly less than those in Sham group, while the trabecular separation in OVX group was significantly wider than that in Sham group. Three-dimensional images from the μCT of the mandible demonstrated a reduced bone volume of the mandibular body in the region of the first molar as well as the inter-radicular septum of the first molar in OVX group. The incisor alveolar bone at the interface between the incisor and the bone marrow in OVX group was significantly thinner than that in Sham group. However, there was no significant difference in the thickness of the medial side of the incisor alveolar bone that did not contain or face the bone marrow. These findings demonstrate that the mandibular bone loss in the OVX rats is predominant adjacent to the bone marrow, suggesting bone loss in postmenopausal osteoporosis occurs mainly at the endosteal surface in mandible.View full abstractDownload PDF (1394K) -
Masahiro Yoshida, Hisahiro Kamoi, Soh Sato, Kyuichi KamoiArticle type: Others
Subject area: Others
2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 294-305
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine an effective way for promoting periodontal tissue healing, exposed dental root surfaces in dogs were covered and healing was evaluated histologically and morphologically. Three groups were established : use of atelocollagen and platelet-derived factor (experimental group) ; use of atelocollagen alone (collagen group) ; and use of subepithelial connective tissue graft (control group). Results were as follows : In the experimental group, marked new cementum and bone formation was seen on exposed dental root surfaces and connective-tissue-like adhesion. New cementum and bone formation and connectivetissue-like adhesion increased significantly with time. In the collagen group, coverage of dental root surfaces was less than that in the experimental group, but new cementum and bone formation did occur and connective-tissue-like adhesion was confirmed on exposed dental root surfaces. In the control group, dental root surfaces showed very little new cementum and bone formation, and epithelial invasion was marked and elongated epithelial adhesion seen on exposed dental root surfaces.
The above findings suggest that application of this platelet-derived factor is effective in covering exposed dental root surfaces showing gingival recession.View full abstractDownload PDF (2808K)
Case Reports
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—Improvement of Esthetic and Function Using an Interdisciplinary Approach—Takeya Uchida, Takuji Yoshida, Kouki Kashiwagi, Koichi ItoArticle type: Others
Subject area: Others
2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 306-314
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the last few decades, implants have become commonly used to replace single and multiple teeth. Tooth loss and periodontal disease often leave inadequate alveolar bone volume for simple implant placement. Tooth loss in patients with periodontitis complicaing occlusal trauma affect the available bone volume in the edentulous area, so such patients often have poor vertical height and/or insufficient buccopalatal width. The ideal solution is to reconstruct lost bone volume using bone grafts. Block bone grafting from a mandibular donor site offers a successful treatment option to augment vertical height and the width of the deficient ridge.
Here we describe a 57-year-old woman plagued with both esthetic problems in maxillary anterior teeth and chewing problems due to the loss of all mandibular molars. We controlled periodontal inflammation by periodontal surgery and stabilized occlusion by block bone grafting, implant prosthodontics, and orthodontic treatment. Using this interdisciplinary approach, we were able to substantially improve the patient's esthetics and occlusion.View full abstractDownload PDF (3701K) -
Makoto Umeda, Yuka Ushida, Kazuyuki Noguchi, Isao Ishikawa2004 Volume 46 Issue 4 Pages 315-324
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome patient, who showed rapid and severe breakdown of periodontal tissues in deciduous dentition, was treated for more than ten years and has maintained stable clinical periodontal condition until now. The patient, a six years old female, first visited the periodontal clinic with the chief complaint of continuous inflammation of gingiva. The patient had mixed dentition and deep periodontal pockets, advanced resorption of alveolar bone, tooth mobility, redness and swelling of gingiva were observed at most remaining deciduous teeth. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Tannerella forsythensis were detected in the oral cavity on microbiological examination. All deciduous teeth with periodontal pockets were extracted to eliminate the reservoir of periodontal pathogens. After removal of the reservoir, frequent oral prophylaxis was performed to prevent recolonization of periodontal pathogens. Nevertheless, periodontal destruction recurred at 31, 32, 41, 42 with inflammation of whole gingiva and rapid breakdown of periodontal tissues and periodontal pathogens were detected at the progressing sites. As periodontal surgery and administration of minocycline were not effective against the rapid destruction of periodontium, levofloxacin was administered at the age of 10 years. Also, a family member who was affected with periodontitis was treated to prevent the infection of periodontal pathogens among the family. After the treatment, periodontal pathogens were removed from the oral cavity of PLS patient and the clinical condition rapidly improved. The patient is now 16 years old with a clinically stable periodontal condition. This PLS patient was treated successfully by the detection of periodontal pathogens, effective removal and monitoring bacteria and prevention of infection from family members.View full abstractDownload PDF (3999K)
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