Recently, oscillating brushes, equipped with air scalers, have been introduced, and are widely accepted as alternatives to rotating instruments for Professional Mechanical Tooth Cleaning (PMTC). In terms of the intraoral condition, composite resins are commonly used to restore teeth with caries and/or wedge-shape defects around the cervical region. There is a possibility that this type of brush has an adverse effect on the surface of fillings such as resin composites. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of using an oscillating brush equipped with an air scaler for PMTC on the surface roughness (Ra) of two different types of resin composites. The surface textures of the resin composites after PMTC were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results of this study showed that the type of the resin composite and the method of PMTC were factors significantly influencing the surface roughness of the resin composites. Use of rotary instruments and ultrasonic scalers for PMTC significantly increased the Ra value. There was no significant influence of the use of an oscillating brush equipped with an air scaler for brushing. This study suggests that the use of an oscillating brush equipped with an air scaler was not associated with any adverse effect on the surface texture of the resin composites examined, and that this type of brush can be used safely in clinical situations. Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi(J Jpn Soc Periodontol)54(3):257-264, 2012.
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