Nihon Shishubyo Gakkai Kaishi (Journal of the Japanese Society of Periodontology)
Online ISSN : 1880-408X
Print ISSN : 0385-0110
ISSN-L : 0385-0110
Volume 63, Issue 4
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
Original Work
  • Naoki Takahashi, Takayuki Yamagata, Shuhei Mineo, Kota Kato, Koichi Ta ...
    2021 Volume 63 Issue 4 Pages 171-182
    Published: December 28, 2021
    Released on J-STAGE: January 14, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS FULL-TEXT HTML

    Aerosol infection is one of the routes of transmission of the new coronavirus (COVID-19), which continues to rage around the world. Aerosols generated by ultrasonic scalers, which are frequently used in periodontal treatment, are of concern as a source of cross-infection, but the characteristics of the aerosols are not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of aerosols generated by ultrasonic scalers through fluid engineering studies using a particulate visualization system, and to evaluate the effectiveness of intra- and extraoral suction devices in preventing aerosol diffusion through simulated clinical studies using water-sensitive test papers and particle counters. From the fluid engineering study, the average particle size of the aerosol generated by the ultrasonic scaler was found to be about 40 μm, and the droplet velocity to be 3 m/s. A clinical study using water-sensitive test papers revealed the effect of the orientation of the ultrasonic scaler on the direction of aerosol dispersal. In addition, analysis using a particle counter showed that the amount of aerosol with a particle size of 1-10 μm dispersed decreased with the distance, and it was confirmed that the amount of aerosol decreased significantly with the use of intra-oral vacuum suction. These results suggest that the risk of cross-infection via aerosols can be suppressed by appropriate use of a suction device for aerosols of various particle sizes generated by ultrasonic scalers.

  • Shoko Hamada, Mitsuhiro Gomi, Akihiro Yoshida
    2021 Volume 63 Issue 4 Pages 183-189
    Published: December 28, 2021
    Released on J-STAGE: January 14, 2022
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    Hinokitiol is a biocide and a preventive agent against gingival inflammation and periodontal infection. In this study, we evaluated the effects of hinokitiol on Porphyromonas gingivalis quorum sensing. Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) bioassay with Vibrio harveyi revealed that 20-300 μM hinokitiol supplementation inhibited V. harveyi luminescence caused by AI-2. Furthermore, hinokitiol inhibited the AI-2 activity in a culture supernatant of P. gingivalis. We assessed whether hinokitiol reduced biofilm formation and gingipain production at concentrations less than the bactericidal concentrations. A 96-well plate biofilm assay showed that hinokitiol reduced the biofilm biomass. Western blotting revealed that the expressions of membrane-bound Arg-gingipain, secreted Arg-gingipain and Lys-gingipain were suppressed by 30 μM of hinokitiol. These findings suggest that hinokitiol suppresses biofilm formation and gingipain production by inhibiting P. gingivalis quorum sensing by AI-2.

Case Report
  • Asuka Shuto, Kenichi Shuto, Yurie Aso, Misaki Tanaka, Takuo Fukuoka, M ...
    2021 Volume 63 Issue 4 Pages 190-204
    Published: December 28, 2021
    Released on J-STAGE: January 14, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS FULL-TEXT HTML

    In this case, by paying attention to the abnormal findings in the patient during periodontal treatment, we were able to detect and cure the patient of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic thyroiditis) associated with severe hypothyroidism that had been overlooked in earlier medical consultations and blood tests, thereby contributing to improvement of the health of the patient. We would like to discuss and report the relationship of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with periodontal disease, which is not well known, especially the bleeding tendency. Easy bleeding from the gingival sulcus was observed during the initial preparation of the full mouth for periodontal treatment in a patient with generalized severe chronic periodontitis. Despite the patient's repeated visits to three medical institutions, including the family doctor, a secondary medical institution (hematologist), and an oral surgeon, the possible existence of a hemorrhagic disease continued to be denied. A day after periodontal tissue regeneration therapy using enamel matrix derivative (EMD) for the maxillary anterior teeth, we observed abnormal bleeding and formation of large clots from the gingival sulcus. Then, after persistent and repeated physician referrals from our clinic, the patient was finally diagnosed as having Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic thyroiditis), an autoimmune disease, at the fourth medical institution (thyroid specialist), more than one year after the first visit to our clinic. The patient had severe hypothyroidism and was in a life-threatening condition. After thyroid hormone replacement therapy, his weight decreased from 90 kg to 60 kg without exercise or dietary restriction, due to improvement of the generalized edema. After the improvement of the hypothyroidism, we undertook periodontal tissue regeneration therapy using EMD on the following day, the right side of the cheek was swollen, however, no significant postoperative bleeding was observed. The periodontal tissue findings significantly improved and the patient has maintained good periodontal health for 6 years after transtition to the SPT. This case suggests that the peculiarities of periodontal treatment, which involves routine observational treatment, may lead to early detection of abnormal findings, which in turn may contribute greatly to the overall health of the patient.

  • Aki Kawamoto, Naoyuki Sugano, Shouhei Ogisawa, Hiroshi Shiratsuchi, Ke ...
    2021 Volume 63 Issue 4 Pages 205-218
    Published: December 28, 2021
    Released on J-STAGE: January 14, 2022
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS FULL-TEXT HTML

    Symptoms of desquamative gingivitis, which are common in women during the perimenopausal period, include gingival erythema, erosion, blistering, and exfoliation. In a previous study, we focused on equol, which has a chemical structure similar to that of estrogen, and reported the relationship between urinary equol levels and desquamative gingivitis, and the effect of oral equol intake for one month in improving the clinical symptoms. In the present study, we examined the effects of oral equol intake (10 mg/day) for over 6 months in 3 postmenopausal female patients with desquamative gingivitis during periodontal maintenance or supportive periodontal therapy.

    It was observed that long-term intake of equol was associated with increased urinary equol levels and improvement in bleeding on probing, gingival pain, and the macroscopic findings. Therefore, these results suggest that oral intake of an equol supplement could be a promising novel treatment for patients with desquamative gingivitis.

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