日本写真学会誌
Online ISSN : 1884-5932
Print ISSN : 0369-5662
ISSN-L : 0369-5662
56 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
  • 米沢 義朗, 貴島 正人
    1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 3-13
    発行日: 1993/02/25
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Thin film of silver alginate, silver salt of a typical high molecular weight carboxylic acid in nature, was decomposed by 253.7 nm light from a 15W low-pressure mercury lamp. As a primary photochemical process, one electron transfer from the carboxylate ion to the bound Ag+ ion has been assumed, which gives rise to silver atom and carboxyl radical. When the silver alginate film was photolyzed in wet air at room temperature, a clear silver mirror was formed on the irradiated surface. Photolytic silver had a tendency to precipitate on the irradiated side of the film despite relatively homogeneous absorption of 253.7 nm light by the silver alginate film. To examine the mechanism of a “segregation-like” behavior of photolytic silver, we have introduced a simple diffusion model which allows diffusion and deposition of silver atoms and clusters in the film and on the irradiated surface. It was found that three parameters, tinie constant of the formation of photolytic silver, τ, of 1000 s, rate constant of deposition in the film, k, of 10-3S-1, and diffusion coefficient, D, of 10-10cm2S-1, are suitable for photochemical formation of silver metal film on the film surface. This model could be successfully applied to vacuum photolysis of the silver alginate film in which the main product is not the silver metal film but either colloidal silver particles (room temperature) or large silver clusters (liquid nitrogen temperature) distributed rather uniformly in the polymer film.
  • 久下 謙一, 山崎 晴康, 三位 信夫
    1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 14-18
    発行日: 1993/02/25
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    A distribution form of number of small developed silver specks was measured at sulfur + gold-sensitized emulsions by the arrested development technique. The distribution form obeys the Poisson distribution law even at the lowest sensitization level, while sulfur-sensitized emulsion shows the distribution form of one speck per one grain at much higher level of sensitization. Sulfur + gold sensitization specks act as effective electron traps to form latent image specks. Efficiency of formation of the effective electron traps is higher at the sulfur +gold sensitization treatment than the sulfur sensitization alone.
  • 園池 実覧
    1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 36-42
    発行日: 1993/02/25
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Several color centers introduced in Sulfur or oxygen doped silver halide crystals are reviewed and identified their configurations in relation to their electronic behaviors.
    Divalent anion-halogen vacancy complexes are proposed to be sensitivity specks to produce the silver aggregates.
    Several properties of silver aggregates are well explained with the quantum size aeffect.
  • その温度及び濃度依存性
    田中 俊夫, 松原 孝治
    1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 43-49
    発行日: 1993/02/25
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Various methods of determining the size of J-aggregates of cyanine dyes are reviewed, with emphasis on two methods, one utilizing the mass action relation between the concentrations of free and J-aggregated dye molecules in solution, and the other utilizing a relation between aggregate size and spectral absorption linewidth based on the theory of exchange narrowing. These methods have been used by the authors for estimating the association numbers n for J-aggregate particles of anionic oxa- and thiacarbocyanine dyes of similar structures, potassium 3, 3'-bis (sulfopropyl)-5, 5'-dipheny1-9-ethyloxacarbocyanine (Dye I) and sodium 3, 3'-bis (sulfopropyl)-5, 5'-dichloro-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine (Dye II). For both dyes, n increased with increasing temperature and tended to decrease with increasing dye concentration. The temperature dependence is explained as a Gibbs-Thomson effect characteristic of polydisperse J-aggregate particles. Concentration dependent n is expected from classical nucleation rate equation, regarding the J-aggregate particles as crystal nuclei.
  • 電子分光法と分析カラー蛍光電子顕微鏡法による
    西城 浩志, 塩尻 詢
    1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 50-57
    発行日: 1993/02/25
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Progress on the surface study of silver bromide microcrystals grown in gelatin has been traced by electron spectroscopic analyses and by a cathode ray luminescence electron microscopy.
    Electron spectroscopic studies on silver bromide microcrystals grown in gelatin showed the chemical element of (111) surface of octahedral crystals to be bromide. The analysis of silver Auger peaks denied reconstruction of the (111) surface which was believed to occur for charge neutralization of a particle. The excess charge of bromide surface layer is cancelled by interstitial silver ions and adsorption of positive ions during crystal growth.
    Morphology of cyanine dye J-aggregates adsorbed on the silver bromide crystals was visualized in full color by a detection of color luminescence in a scanning electron microscope. The size of aggregates was about 30×70 nm, and with increasing dye adsorption, the aggregates grew in size not increased in number. The aggregates aligned on [110] or [210] directions on (100) suface of AgBr. With electron irradiation, luminescence color of some dye aggregates changed from yellowish green to orange red keeping their shape unchanged. These dye aggregates are believed that they absorbed incident electrons and released photoelectrons to result the change of luminescence color.
  • 川崎 三津夫, 吉城 武宣, 奥 良彰
    1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 58-66
    発行日: 1993/02/25
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Excitation spectra for the photoionization-induced latent-image bleaching provide useful information regarding the size- and composition-dependent electronic energy levels and electron-capturing efficiencies of latent image and subimage centers formed in photographic emulsion. Such photobleaching spectra, taken for a sulfur and a sulfur-plus-gold sensitized AgBr emulsion, were carefully compared to illuminate further the roles of sulfur-plus-gold sensitization centers, or such photographic functions of gold as producing gold-containing latent-image centers and potentially increasing the quantum efficiency of latent image formation.
  • 久下 謙一
    1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 67-73
    発行日: 1993/02/25
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Kinetics of the delayed formation of latent image specks was studied. Theoretical rate equations were derived under several conditions. Behaviors of the delayed formation under those conditions were expected from those rate equations. Some experimental results, temperature dependence, environmental dependence, reduction sensitization, etc. were explained by the expectation of the theoretical rate equation.
  • 1993 年 56 巻 1 号 p. 84
    発行日: 1993年
    公開日: 2011/08/11
    ジャーナル フリー
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