-
HIROSHI FUKUMURA, HIROSHI MASUHARA
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
223-230
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Laser ablation is recognized as one of promising methods for microfabrication of polymers. Irradiation by an intense excimer laser produces a high density of excited states and reaction intermediates, causes a temperature rise, removes surface layer, and gives rise to morphological changes. This nonlinear photochemical behaviour was investigated by nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy and nanosecond dynamic photography just upon laser ablation.
View full abstract
-
MASATAKA OHOKA, SEI-ICHI NISHIMOTO, MASAHIDE YAMAMOTO
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
231-234
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
HIAOYUKI ITO, NAOTO KIDOKORO, HIDENOBU ISHIKAWA
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
235-246
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The kinetics of cationic photoinitiated polymerization of di-epoxy monomers: 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3′, 4′-epoxycyclohexane carboxylate have been investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC observed heat flow was divided into two kinds of heat flow, one from the polymerization and the other from UV-light energy. Upon 1J/cm
2 of UV-irradiation, the percent conversion of monomer is only 40% when all the polymer active cations have terminated. A bimolecular chain termination process will be taken to account for the remainder of polymer active cation immediately after UV-lamp off. It is estimated that two chain transfer reactions occur almost simultaneously and they appear one bimolecular terminatiom reaction. Afterwards the polymer active cations terminate with photoinitiator species mainly.
View full abstract
-
FUMIO HAMAZU, SUMIO AKASHI, TATSUYA KOIZUMI, TOSHIKAZU TAKATA, TAKESHI ...
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
247-254
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Photoinitiator activity of benzyl
p-hydroxyphenyl methyl sulfonium salts (
3) was evaluated in the photopolymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) under UV irradiation. These sulfonium salts served as good photoinitiators. The order of the activity of
3 as photoinitiators was
3b(X=PF
6)>
3a(X=SbF
6)_??_
3c(X=BF
4). Initiation species was estimated to be benzyl cation by the analyses of polymers obtained in the photopolymerization of PGE and n-butyl glycidyl ether (BGE) with
p-chlorobenzyl
p-hydroxyphenyl methyl sulfonium salt(
4).
View full abstract
-
SHIGERU OZAKI
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
255-261
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The development of the ultraviolet curing system was conducted with a view to improving the rapidness of the vacuum casting system. The photo-casting process is one wherein use is made of a special transparent silicone rubber mold highly permeable to ultraviolet rays and a photo-curable resin is poured into it (by vacuum casting or atmospheric casting) and then irradiated with ultraviolet rays (365nm) for rapid curing (a radical or cationic polymerization within a mold) thus forming a resin having a three-dimensional structure. As a result of the investigation on a photo-curable resin, it has been found that an epoxy photo-curable resin has excellent curing properties, which has led to an improvement in the rapidness of the vacuum casting process.
View full abstract
-
Masamitsu Shirai, Hirotaka Kinoshita, Masahiro Tsunooka
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
263-266
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
MASAHIRO TSUNOOKA, YOSHIHIDE AMEKAWA, MINORU SASHIO
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
267-270
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Shunichi KAWANISHI, Shun'ichi SUGIMOTO, Yuichi SHIMIZU, Nobutake SUZUK ...
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
271-278
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
MASAMI INOUE, KEIKO ITO, NOBUHIKO OHMORI
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
289-296
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The laser ablative decomposition technique of various kinds of polymer materials is attracting attentions as one of the microfabrication techniques causing no thermal damages. We discuss here the etching process of polymer films such as polyimide, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and etrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, by the ablative decomposition using excimer laser and YAG laser. The etched depth per laser energy density and the morphology of etched surface depend on the polymer's absorption coefficient at the given laser wavelength. Each polymer has a specific threshold energy density for decomposition. The energy provided in extremely thin polymer surface by irradiation of threshold laser energy density correlates appreciably with the energy needed for raising to the volatile temperature on each polymer. It can therefore be presumed that the behavior of laser ablative decomposition depends on the optical and thermal properties of polymer.
View full abstract
-
FUMIO KOKAI
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
297-300
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
HIROYUKI NIINO, TSUGUYORI OHANA, AKIHIKO OUCHI, AKIRA YABE
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
301-306
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
SETSUKO IRIE
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
307-308
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
1. PHOTOGRAVURE INK
Masayuki YAMAGAMI, Akira KAWATA, Setsuo NISHIDA, Akira HANAOKA, Tokuhi ...
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
309-314
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
we recently developed a radiation indicator using a photogravure ink. This indicator allows simple assessment of absorbed doses of γ-rays used for sterilization of medical supplies and absorbed doses of γ-rays and electron beams emploied in various kinds of industrial fields. This indicator was prepared by coating the packing paper with an indicator ink made primarily of diethylaminoazobenzene. When γ- rays were irradiated onto this indicator at a dose rate of 25.7kGy/h, a color of the indicator changed in proportion to the strength of a dose and was well reproducible. Prior to irradiation, the color of the indicator was yellow. This color changed to orange from yellow at an absorbed dose of 10kGy, to red at 25kGy (a dose used for sterilization) and to purplish red at 50kGy. Within dose rate ranges of 1.41-33.4kGy/h, the color was changed in proportional to only absorbed doses as independent of the dose rate. The dose-response curve of the indicator for electron beam irradiation which was generated by a linear electron accelerator is in good agreement with that for γ-ray irradiation.
View full abstract
-
Properties and kinetics for acidolysis
Toshihiko Omote, Shun'ichi Hayashi, Kazuhisa Ishii, Kazuhiko Naitoh, T ...
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
323-326
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
TOYOHIKO ABE, MAKOTO MISHINA, NORIAKI KOHTOH
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
327-334
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A new family of positive photosensitive polyimide systems composed of solvent soluble polyimides and diazonaphthoquinone compounds(DNQ) has been prepared. Solvent soluble polyimides were synthesized by reacting cyclobutane tetracalboxylic dianhydride (CBDA) with diamines having m-combination and second diamines having weak acidic group such as OH, COOH. In these systems, transparency of CBDA polyimide films is very important, and photosensitive properties are vary with the fraction of weak acidic groups in polyimides and the content of DNQ in the systems. Therefor, there are the optimum fraction of weak acidic groups and the optimum content of DNQ to obtain high sensitivity and high resolution.
View full abstract
-
QIU JIN, TAKASHI YAMASHITA, KAZUYUKI HORIE
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
335-338
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Kazuhiko Naitoh, Kazuhisa Ishii, Tsuguo Yamaoka, Toshihiko Omote
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
339-342
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
MASAO TOMIKAWA, MASAYA ASANO, GENTARO OHBAYASHI, HIROO HIRAMOTO, YOUTA ...
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
343-350
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Photoreaction of ionic bonding photosensitive polyimide "Photoneece" was investigated by VIS spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, ESR spectroscopy, flash photolysis and quantitative analysis of chloroform extracts from prebaked film.
Main components of the photosensitive polyimide are poly(amic acid), tertiary amine having an acryloyl or methacryloyl group and a sensitizer. Surprisingly the acryloyl or methacryloyl group of the amine does not react by photo-irradiation. But the amine extracted by chloroform from the photosensitive polyimide film is reduced to one-half of its initial value after photo-irradiation.
Polymer itself is excited by photo-irradiation to be an excited singlet state. After the intersystem crossing to an excited triplet state, an anion radical of pyromerittic diamide moiety in a polymer chain is generated. The formation of the anion radical is very slow (rate constant: 10
5(1/sec.) order). The anion radical is very stable(ca>10
4sec).
An interaction of the anion radical and the tertiary amine seems to play an important role of the photosensitive polyimide.
View full abstract
-
Masayuki Iijima, Yoshikazu Takahashi, Masa-aki Kakimoto, Yoshio Imai
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
351-358
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A polyimide film was prepared by the vapor deposition polymerization method using a diamine monomer containing siloxane bond and PMDA. The obtained film had an excellent adhesive property to a glass substrate. On the other hand, a polyimide film, prepared from fluorine containing diamine and tetracarboxylic dianhydride in the same manner, had the relative dielectric constant of 3.05-3.1, which was lower than that of the conventional polyimide.
A hybrid polyimide film could be formed by depositing 6FDA and the siloxane bond-containing diamine on the surface of the substrate, and then gradually replacing the diamine with the fluorine containing monomer. This film could realize the improvement of adhesion to the substrate and the decrease of the dielectric constant at the same time.
View full abstract
-
SHIRO NISHI, TOHRU MATSUURA, SHINJI ANDO, SHIGEKUNI SASAKI
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
359-366
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This paper reports on two fluorinated polyimides synthesized using a fluorinated diamine, 2, 2′-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4, 4′-diaminobiphenyl (TFDB). One polyimide, synthesized with TFDB and 2, 2′-bis(3, 4- dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane (6FDA), has a low dielectric constant, high optical transparency, and a low refractive index. The other, synthesized with TFDB and pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), has a low coefficient of thermal expansion (OTE). Because the two polyimides are synthesized using the same diamine, we can easily prepare a polymer blend of these two polyimides and synthesize their copolymer. The physical properties, such as the CTE, of the polymer blend or copolymer can be controlled by changing the 6FDA/TFDB polyimide or the 6FDA content, respectively.
View full abstract
-
AKIO TAKIMOTO, HISAHITO OGAWA
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
367-375
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
OPS-Polyimides (OPS-PI), which are eompoesd of a series of thiophenylene moieties, -(C
6H
4S)
n-olig′o-p- phenylene sulfide (OPS), and imide groups, have been designed on the base of our proposed photoeonduetion echanism and showed a high sensitivity. OPS-PI consist of two different functional groups. An imide gruop in OPS-PI generates carriers by absorbing the visible light. And carriers are transported in the paths formed by OPS segments. Carrier transport mechanism will be discussed on the band-conduction model. The sensitizing in the near infrared region by H
2Pc doping is proposed on the base of the energy diagram. The application of OPS-PI to xerographic photoreceptors is shown including doped OPS-PIs.
View full abstract
-
Tatsuo Inoue, Ken Seino, Koetsu Tamura, Shin-ichi Hasegawa, Kohji Kimb ...
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
385-392
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This paper introduces the photosensitive polyimide application for the NEC SX-3 Supercomputer. In case of supercomputers, sophisticated packaging technologies are essential to achieve fastest operations as well as to use highest-speed, highly integrated LSIs.
Wiring substrate which mounts and interconnects LSIs is the key to back up LSI's higher logical-operations.
The high speed interconnection wirings and high density LSI mounting are requested for the substrate.
The Multi-Chip Package using Photosensitive Polyimide had been developed to meet these demands.
25μm wide, 75μm center-to-center spacings, four signal layers, 6ns/cm signal transmissions on a 225mm square substrate have been achieved by using this photosensitive polyimide multi layer substrate technology.
View full abstract
-
Atsushi Morikawa, Hidehiro Yamaguchi, Yoshitake Iyoku, Masa-aki Kakimo ...
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
393-396
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
AKIO TAKIMOTO, HISAHITO OGAWA
1992 Volume 5 Issue 2 Pages
397-405
Published: 1992
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2006
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A novel spatial light modulator (SLM) has been proposed and fabricated. The SLM consists of OPS- Polyimides (OPS-PI) spin coated thin films as photoconductive layers and smectic C* ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) as modulating layers. The SLM shows a nonlinear optical response against the optical inputs, which can be used for parallel processings in optics. The threshold value of an input light intensity for switching can be controlled by changing the applied voltage, which is very useful in implementing the optical neural networks.
View full abstract
