Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B

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We have conducted experiments to measure the density of the FeO rich peridotite melt up to 8GPa. The San Carlos olivine with a composition Fo₉₀ floats in the peridotite melt at 8GPa. Pure forsterite floats and the San Carlos olivine sinks, whereas the Fo₉₅ olivine is neutrally buoyant in the peridotite melt at 6GPa. This result implies that the density crossover between the FeO rich peridotite melt and the equilibrating olivine exists at around 7GPa. Since the FeO rich peridotite is similar to the Martian mantle composition proposed by Morgan and Anders (1979), present experiments clearly implies that the density crossover does exist in the Martian interior at the depths around 600km. We also conducted a buoyancy test for the pyrollite melt. Olivine with the Fo₉₅ composition sinks in the melt at 8GPa. This result together with that of the FeO rich peridotite melt implies that the density crossover will exist at the pressure around 12GPa in the magma with the terrestrial mantle composition.

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Based on a study of 185 isolates of corticioid and polyporoid Basidiomycetes, the cellulose azure test provides a simple and effective assay for both cellulolytic and ligninolytic capabilities of fungal cultures. Decolourization of the dye Remazol Brilliant blue R, whether or not it has been previously released from the cellulose azure by cellulase, is an indicator of ligninolytic enzymes in a test culture.

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