Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B
Online ISSN : 1349-2896
Print ISSN : 0386-2208
ISSN-L : 0386-2208
Volume 69, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
  • Tatsuo SASAKI, Tetsuo UCHIDA, Takayasu KOEZUKA, Shuji NINOMIYA, Masumi ...
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 35-38
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Some Islamic white-glazed Sherds excavated from an archaeological site of the 9th century, A'Ali in Bahrain on the coast of Persian Gulf were technically studied to find their characteristics and provenances. The white glazes of some sherds contain fairly large amounts of tin and lead, while others do not. This fact has been hitherto unknown in detail. The results of chemical analyses and X-ray diffraction of glazes and fabrics (body clays), and trace element contents of fabrics determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis are presented, and their provenances are discussed.
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  • Formation of Inclusion Complexes of Polymers with Cyclodextrins
    Akira HARADA, Jun LI, Mikiharu KAMACHI
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 39-44
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been found to form inclusion complexes with various polymers with high specificity to give stoichiometric compounds in crystalline states. In these complexes, polymer chains were found to thread into Cyclodextrins and to be recognized by cyclodextrins. α-Cyclodextrin (α-CD) formed complexes with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) of molecular weight higher than 300, although β-CD did not form complexes with PEG of any molecular weight. However, β-CD formed complexes with poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) of various molecular weights, although α-CD did not form complexes with PPG of any molecular weight. γ-CD formed complexes with poly(methyl vinyl ether) (PMeVE), though α- and β-CDs did not form complexes with PMeVE. Polyrotaxanes in which many CDs are threaded on a single PEG chain were prepared by capping the chain ends with bulky groups.
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  • Yukihisa OKUMURA, Masahiro YAMAUCHI, Minoru YAMAMOTO, Junzo SUNAMOTO
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 45-50
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A plasmid, pActDTA, whose expression is fatal to mammalian cells, caused a decrease in HeLa cell survival only if the plasmid was encapsulated in egg PC liposome whose surface was modified with a poly(ethylene glycol) derivative bearing two alkyl chains (abbreviated as PEG-lipid). This result suggests that the reconstitution of PEG-lipid into the liposome made direct transport of the plasmid into the cytosol of the cell by a mechanism other than endocytosis possible. Furthermore, a transmission electron micrographic observation showed that the interaction between HeLa cell and the PEG-lipid reconstituted liposome was consistent with fusion. This interaction was unique to the PEG-lipid reconstituted liposome. These results strongly suggest that this be the first example of PEG-lipid induced fusion of liposome to a mammalian cell and support the validity of the PEG-lipid reconstituted liposome as a fusogenic liposome to a mammalian cell.
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  • Yosio HIKI, Haruyuki TAKAHASHI, Yoshiaki KOGURE
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 51-54
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A method called the “multicurrent” transient hot-wire method has been developed for measuring thermal conductivity and diffusivity simultaneously and with accuracy. The method can be applied to specimen materials in liquid and solid states, and can be used with a wide range of temperatures. The principle of the hot-wire method is to measure the time variation in the temperature of an electrically heated wire enclosed in a specimen by utilizing the wire as a resistance thermometer. By using various electric heating current values, the convenience and accuracy of the method are greatly improved. As an example of this type of measurement, superionic conducting glass (AgI)0.5(AgPO3)0.5 was chosen as specimen material, and the thermal conductivity and diffusivity were measured in a temperature range including the glass transition. The experimental results are analyzed and briefly discussed on the basis of the gas kinetics theory of phonon conduction in solids.
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  • Namgi HONG, Yoshiaki NAKAHARA, Tomoya OGAWA
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 55-60
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Stereocontrolled deuterium labelling of phytoalexin elicitor-active β-D-glucohexaoside 2 was executed by employing a stereospecifically deuterated D-glucose derivative 11 as a starting material. As a result, unambiguous assignment of the anomeric signals in 1H-NMR of compound 2 was achieved by use of the deuterated compounds 3, 4, and 5.
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  • Kenji MORI, Kunio FUKAMATSU
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 61-64
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    β-Sitosterol (7) was converted to blattellastanoside A [5, 1-(6α-chloro-4β, 5β-epoxy-5β-stigmastan-3β-yl)-β-D-glucopyranoside], the structure proposed for the arrestant component of the aggregation pheromone of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica L. Our synthetic 5 was identical with the natural product on the basis of 1H and 13C NMR spectral comparison, HPLC analysis and pheromone activity.
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  • Yoshihito INAMOTO, Sumiko HAMANAKA, Yuichiro HAMANAKA, Shigemi ARIYAMA ...
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 65-69
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fatty acids were released from the total lipids of Helicobacter pylori by acid methanolysis and analyzed by gas liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Eight peaks of the fatty acid methyl esters were detected and identified to be tetradecanoic, hexadecanoic, octadecanoic, octadecenoic, octadecadienoic, cyclo [11, 12] methylene octadecanoic, 11-methoxy-heptadecanoic and 11-methoxy-nonadecanoic fatty acids. A small amount of hydroxy docosanoic acid was also detected after trimethylsilylation. Two fatty acids, 11-methoxy-heptadecanoic and 11-methoxy-nonadecanoic acids, are unique and the occurrence of these fatty acids in bacteria as well as Helicobacter pylori is reported for the first time.
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  • Toshiro ODA, Koshin MIHASHI
    1993 Volume 69 Issue 3 Pages 70-71
    Published: 1993
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2006
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The in vitro motility assay of the sliding velocity of acto-H-meromyosin driven by ATP and GTP was made according to the previous method.1) In the presence of 15μM ATP (and in the absence of ATP regenerating system), the sliding velocity of the F-actin labeled with rhodamine-phalloidin decreased gradually as the consumption of the added ATP proceeded. When GTP (2mM) was added together with ATP (15μM), the sliding velocity of the labeled F-actin at initial stage was approximately equal to the sum of the individual contributions of GTP and ATP. Strikingly, however, the sliding velocity of the labeled F-actin in the presence of ATP and GTP did not show any decrease at least until 6min. This means that the sliding velocity of the labeled F-actin exceeds the simple sum of the contributions of ATP and GTP. The phenomenon is very difficult to explain in terms of the current ideas on the sliding mechanism of actomyosin.
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