1. Of 20 cycles in 18 normol women, cyclic changes of the vaginal contents and the cervical mucus were continuously investigated, and statistically analysed. 2. In the intermenstrual stage, changes of the smear index, cornification index, the amount of cervical mucus and Spinnbarkeit, were statistically significant, while those of the karyopyknosisindex, glycogen index, midvaginal pH, pH value of the endocervical mucus, and cleanliness of the vagina were insignificant. 3. In the correlations between the smear index and other indices, such as the values of cornification index, acidophilia index, glycogen index, karyopyknosis index and Spinnbarkeit were significant, whereas those of midvaginal pH and pH of the endocervical mucus were insignificant. The correlations between midvaginal pH and endocervical pH, the glycogen index and the pH were insigniffcant. Between pH of the endocervical mucus and Spinnbarkeit, significant negative correlation was ob served. 4. The results of this study seem to indicate usefulness of smear index, as well as basal body temperature and Spinnbarkeit in estimating time of ovulation.

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Optimum conditions were investigated for the turbidimetric determination of furazolidone using Escherichia coli, as the test organism, and meat extract medium. The sensitivity of E. coli to the drug was affected by the pH of the medium, incubation period, and inoculum size. The optimum growth curve was obtained by using the medium containing 0.5per cent meat extract, 0.5 per cent pepton, 0.25 per cent sodium chloride, 2 per cent ethanol, at pH 8.0, by inoculating 3×106 cells/ml. of the test organism, and incubating for 18 hours at 37°C. By using this standard growth curve, it is possible to determine a concentration as low as about 0.05mcg/ml. of furazolidone. When four tubes were used for one test solution, the maximum standard deviation in this method was approximately 6.5 per cent. All the growth curves obtained of different types of nitrofuranderivatives (3 of acid amide type, each one of aminooxazolidone type, morpholinomethyloxazolidone type and oxim type) were almost the same in shape.

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The turbidimetric assay method established previously was studied to apply for determination of nitrofuran compounds in the body fluids. The slope of th growth curve was not affected by adding 10 per cent of rabbit serum to the medium. As a result, it has been found that serum concentration of about 0.5 mcg/ml of furazolidone could be measured by using thsi standard curve. About 70 per cent of furazolidone added to rabbit blood was recovered by this assay method. There were some rabbits of which sera showed antagonistic action to the drug. This action was removed by inactivation of their sera, but in the rabbit of which serum had no antagonistic action, the slope of standard curve became slower on using the inactivated serum than on using the intact serum. This phenomenon is disadvantageous for microdetermination and, therefore, it would be better in this experiment not to use the rabbit of which serum shows an antagonistic action. As the standard growth curve was greatly affected by adding more than 5 per cent of rabbit urine to the medium, it was necessary to make urine concentration in the medium less than 2 per cent. In this condition, urine concentration of more than 2.5 mcg/ml of furazolidone was determinable. And by this method 100 per cent of furazolidone added to rabbit urine was recovered. The activity of furazolidone was considerably affected by adding the gastrointestinal saline suspensions. When the concentration of gastrointestinal samples in the medium was 0.025 per cent, the minimum determinable concentration of the drug was about 100mcg/gm in the stomach and small intestine and about 200mcg/gm in the large intestine. The recovery rates of added furazolidone from the gastrointestinal organs were roughly 30-90 per cent, varing according to the organs.

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The activities of 15 nitrofuran compounds against E. coli were tested with the aid of serial dilution method and turbidity method using meat extract medium and, as a result, some of them were found to possess stronger activity than nitrofuran compounds available commercially. The correlation between the in vitro activity and chemical structure was similar as that showed by other authors in the past. The absorption, excretion, and stability in the gastrointestinal organs were tested by using the turbidimetric assay method reported previously. Most compounds tested were not detectable in serum following the intravenous administration of 200 or 500mcg/kg. into rabbit. Among these, furazolidone was found to be a compound showing the highest serum concentration of 1 mcg/ml after 5 minutes of administration. The serum concentrations following oral administration of 100mg/kg to rabbits varied from none with acid amide type compounds, to 0.5-1mcg/ml with furazolidone of aminooxazolidone type compounds, to about 2mcg/ml with NF-17 of oxim type compounds, and up to 3-4mcg/ml with furaltadone of morpholinomethyloxazolidone type compounds. The urine concentrations following oral administration of 100mg/kg to rabbit were determined on 3 compounds. Only furaltadone showed urine concentration of about 50 mcg/ml after 4 and 6 hours of administration and about 0.14 per cent of the administered dose was recovered in the urine collected for a 6 hour period. The stability of nitrofuran compounds in the saline suspensions of the rabbit gastrointestinal organs varied considerably according to the type of chemical structure and the organs used. In general, oxim type compounds were relatively unstable in the stomach while acid amide type compounds were highly, unstable in the intestine. Besides, it has been found that nitrofuran compounds in the same type showed a tendency to become unstable in the intestine according as the conjugated double bond of side chain increased in number. It has been noted that there was a close correlation between the concentrations in blood, urine, and gastrointestinal tracts after oral administration and the stability in the saline suspensions of gastrointestinal organs, that is, it is needless to say that one of the most important conditions in which nitrofuran compounds display their systemic antimicrobial activities after oral administration is that nitrofuran compounds must be stable in the gastrointestinal tracts.

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The importance of the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip in infant is to obtain the anatomical improvement of the deformitive joint. To improve the disadvantage of the diaper splint auther used F.O type instrument which modified abduction splint. This instrument may be used not only for initial treatment, but also thought out the entire treating period. It allows some leg movement while holding the head of femur tight in the acetabulum. The age of patient and the degree of the dislocation should be considered prescribing this treasment. Ninty-four out of 134 cases under one year of age showed satisfactory improvement after the use of this instrument. Eighty-seven cases in which the treatment was initiated before six months of age showed excellent results including complete anatomical restoration in the 82.2% of them. Only a few cases were resulted in anatomical recovery in case the treatment was started after seven months of age. Aseptic necrosis of femoral head resembling that in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease appeared in very few cases, in 15.0% out of the studied cases.

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The application of ordinary plaster cast after manipulative reduction of congenital dislocation of the hip may result in unfavorable complications such as atrophy and contruture of soft tissue followed by deformities of bone and incomplete formation of acetabulum. To prevent these complications the auther used fenestrated plaster cast, the technique of which is described in detailf in this paper. After the application of the ordinary plaster cast in frog position a large opeing extending from groin to below knee in the antsrior aspect of each thigh. The opening allow some leg motion while holding the femoral head tight in the acetabulum. The allowance of the active movement in the hip is considered to give good results in avoiding the complications of the soft tissue ead osseous deformation. 95.4% of the studied 76 cassnshowed good results in view of functional recovery and 81.9% were resulted in excellent anatomical improvement. The allowance of some motion of the leg and femoral head in this type of fixation is suppoed to be responsible for the above good resulos.

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An attempt was made to improve the classical treatments of congenital dislocation of the hip The auther initially made an apparatus which was considered to be useful for the better treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip. I was named this apparatus as “F. O type”, Fukushima-Oshio. The apparatus consists of two rings and two bars. It is a great advantage using this apparatus that patients hold a desirable position of the lags such as the head of femur sits always in centripetal position, and allows walking and some activities of the legs. This apparatus was previously used for the treatments of the hip, Legg-Calvé-Pherthes, and. dysplasia of Acetabulum (Group A) and is presently used as active moveanerats apparatus after having reposition and fixation (Group B) of the joints. In Group A 16 joints shotived remarkable improvement after applying 5 to 21 months period except the cases of coxa vara. In Group B 50 joints, the occurrences of Legg-Calvé-Perthes like deformity or Subluxation were very few and a rapid unprovement of displasia of acetabulum was seen after applying 4 to 6 months period. Contracture of joints and atrophy of muscles were not developed more than 90% of the studied cases and as the results massage and other regimen were not needed.

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In spite of a number of studies regarding the functional significance of the pineal body, its function has not yet clearly been cledeterminesended. The auther has intended to clearify the function of this pineal body by electron microscope. 1) The pineal body of man, dog, pig, cow, rat, mice was observed by electron microscope, and the difference was observed according to the age of the animal. 2) Parenchymatous cells of the young rat are classified into three kinds of cell groups; acidophiles, basophiles, chromophobes. Two cell groups i.e. light and clark cell groups was observed by electron microscope. 3) Secretory granuxles are found in the Golgi vesicles of acidophiles cells of the young rat but cannot find in the pineal body of the old rat. 4) The secretion of the nucleus was not observed. 5) Secretory granules of acidophiles are extruded through openings of the plasma membrane.

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1. Non-nucleated cells were observed in Japanese embryos in the 6-th Week. 2. Loss of nuclei of the red blood cells of Japanese embryos was rapidly than European embryos. 3. At 9th week the non-nucleated cells have reached an average of 70%, at 1Oth week the average number of non-nucleated corpuscles was 94%. 4.The loss of the nuclei of the red blood cells has the relatian between the liver function. 5.The author find that the nucleus is lost by karyolysis and cxtrusion.

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The author found the new staining method of the red blood cell's membrane and studied the hämolysis, aggulutination, anaemia, intoxikation by this new staining method. The new staining method is following 1.Fixation 2.Staining solution; I.0.001% Janusgreen solution II.1% Eosin solution. 3.The erythccytmembrane was violett by this staing solution, and leucocyt and blood plattlet is green. 4.This staing method is very simple and is very usefull in clinical medicine.

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Studies were carried out to elucidate the nature of the reduction and fixation difficulties and the resulting deformity brought about during the treatment of the congenital dislocation of hip joint. Traumatic dislocation of the hip joint was made in 120young rabbits three weeks old and weighing 200 grams, and of thes closed reduction was successfully performed in twenty-five. The rabbits were sacrificed for the anatomical evaluation of the treated joints and the following results were obtained. 1.The changes seen in the soft tissues were hemorrhage and contracture. 2.The recovery of the joint capsule injury was rapid, but resulted in marked thickening and adhesion in part to the gluteal muscles making the descending of the head difficult. 3.In the experimental dislocation fibrous tear was seen and the elongated ligament Caput femoralis was disrupted near its insertion to the femoral head in all cases. The end of the ligament was pushed between the acetabulum and femoral head in abnormal position. 4.The depth of the acetabulum gradually decreases from abnormal growth of the consisting bones and increasing growth of connective tissue to apoint the acetabulum forms itself a triangular shape. This makes the acetadulum unfitted to the femoral head, resulting fixation difficulty. 5.There was little change in the articular cartilage of the femoral head, in the latter of which coxa vara deformity was present.Histologically eauly termination of epiphyseal guowth, fibuosis ofthe bone marrow in the captial epiphyses and neck, and the atrophy and disappearance of the trabeculae were seen. It is suspected that the deformity of the femoral head would be due to the circulation disturbance of the femoral neck and the early termination of the epiphyseal growth from the traumatic effect to epiphyses of the manipulation.

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Two sorts of solution, saline and Sucuose-Phosphate-Glutamate solution (Bovarnick), were used in preparing emulsion of the spleens, which were obtained from mice infected with Rickettsia orieAtalis. Each emulsion was injected intraperitoneally to the two groins of normal mice respectively. The mice were bled by severing the femoual vessels at intervals after inlection. Blood was collected and diluted 10-fold series with SPG-solution. 0.3ml of each dilution was inlected intuapeuitoneally to groups of 5 normal mice. The rate of fatal outcome with rickettsial infection was greater in the guoup injected SPG-emulsion than saline emulsion. This results indicate that in the case of SPG-eunulsion the absouption of Rickettsia from abdominal cavity of mice is faster and more intensive than in that of saline-emulsion.

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The present paper deals with the part of the series of the authors'studies on experimental poisoning of benzol groups. Experiments were made by giving 0.125cc/kg of Aniline into the stomach of mice, inbreed strain ddN. Concentrain of erythrocytes, leucocytes, hemoglobin and blood pictures were examined and histopathological studies were carried out. The following results were obtained : 1.All mice showed anemic appearance after administration of aniline. 2.Mortality rate of mice received aniline was 21.5%. 3.Hematological findings : a) Concentration of leucocytes increased remarkably, and it recovered gradually. b) Concentuation of erythrocytes slightly decreased. c) Hemoglobin showed heigher value than that of the controls. d) As to blood pictures, neutrophilic leucocytes remarkably increased, while lymphocytes decreased relatively. 4.Histopathological findings : Slight changes were found in various organs and most remarkable disturbances were observed in the liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract.

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