Many earthquakes and tsunamis had caused great damages to our country repeatedly. Especially, giant earthquakes had occurred periodically along Suruga-Nankai trough; those intervals are 90 to 150 years, and the average is 110 years. Because 60 years already passed since the last earthquake occurred in this region, we should make a plan of countermeasure for earthquake and tsunami in these 30 years. In this paper, damages by 1983 Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake, 1993 Hokkaido-Nansei-Oki earthquake and 2003 Tokachi-Oki earthquake are shown and the instructions of those hazards are analyzed.

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We amended Coast Law in 1999. The main policies of coast administration are disaster prevention, environmental conservation and promotion of human activities in coast. The occurrences of gigantic earthquakes that cause huge tsunamis are anticipated. This paper shows the countermeasures against tsunamis on coast administration in Japan. We adopt two types of countermeasures. The one is protecting land area by constructing the coastal protection facilities. The combination with port protection measures such as breakwater is also adopted in several areas. The other is to take soft measures including hazard maps and life cycle management of the facilities. Information system is also important to reduce disasters.

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Kochi Prefecture believes that in the event of earthquake, the most important thing is to prepare for the arrival of tsunami there after. The keywords are “sign//co.sign”.

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The paper introduces the activity for disaster mitigation of tsunami in Pacific ocean after the 1960 Chilean tsunami, which should be lessons to improve the research and public work for the mitigation in Japan. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) failed to issue an effective tsunami warning for the tsunamis of the 1960 Chile Earthquake, being aware that international cooperation is essential. Through the experience of the 1960 tsunami, the two international cooperation organizations; ICG/ITSU and PTWC were started to establish the far-field tsunami warning system in the Pacific ocean. JMA also exchanges of tidal data with the United States of America and other states, monitoring the data of foreign eighteen stations in this area. DART, TIME in US, and Pacific museum are introduced for the early time warning system with high accuracy, making hazards maps to increase people awareness and evacuation system, and public education by providing documentation, exhibition, workshops, and lectures.

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To improve tsunami disaster prevention, reliable prediction techniques for tsunami disasters are required. In this paper, the present techniques are reviewed and their directivities in tsunami research are discussed. Those techniques are divided into two periods. They are before and after a tsunami generation. In the former period, seismic information takes part in the prediction, and in the later period, tsunami information does. Offshore tsunami observation system, however, is not yet sufficient. The system which covers broad offshore region is expected.

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Knowledge on the flood risk due to tsunami and storm surge is slight in the persons living in coastal urban areas. The information of the size of anticipated damage and influence to evacuation routes is not enough for them to minimize the hazard risk by inundation.
In this research, the inundation in the coastal urban area caused by tsunami attack is analytically estimated, and the display system on the website was developed. The site is capable for sending the understandable information on the risk through the internet.
The inundation calculation was conducted according to the characteristics of the land use of coastal area, and the relational expression was derived between the distance from the seawalls line and the arrival time, the maximum depth, the maximum celerity. It is possible to display the inundation risk of the maximum design tsunami on the target coastal regions.

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From now on, the theme of the Okinawa Seashore Project will focus on redevelopment. The redevelopment of the seashore is necessary for the people living in rural areas from the standpoint of the restoration of seashore landscape and for the revival of the relation between the people and the ocean. It is also necessary for the residents of urban areas for regular beach use and for the promotion of the tourism industry.
We can say that nowadays, this need has become stronger in Okinawa Prefecture. Because of the deep relation between its people and the ocean, Okinawa Prefecture could become a leader in redevelopment projects for creating seashores that could attract people.

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Okinawa is one of the best places for marine recreational activities in Japan, such as sport and deep-sea fishing, sport diving, surfing, yachting, and so forth. These activities attract millions of visitors each year and obviously enhance tourism industries in Okinawa. The aims of this paper are to present various activities and constraints related to marine recreation taking place in Okinawa. Several recommendations for improving marine recreational activities are made: creating public facilities to provide information on, marine recreation, educational classes and marine shops and formulating the license system of marine-related activities.

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This paper shows how to think about Ecotourism at coast. Sustainable development is important to practice Ecotourism, especially in the case of using tourism as measure. However Ecotourism is equal to sustainable tourism. The sustainable tourism is a social system, which has three phases. There are the nature environment and the social environment in order to bring Ecotourism at a background. And these environment is located the materials for the social system.
The sustainable tourism is discussed at the first in this paper and next Ecotourism as a materials in such social system is discussed. At the last, thinking about Ecotourism at a coast, it show the situation in the Ecotourism in Okinawa.

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This paper explaines outline of tourism policy in Japan and measures for activating marine recreation. In January, 2003, the Prime Minister, KOIZUMI, emphasized tourism in terms of Japan's economic and social growth, and expressed the target volume of foreign tourists in 2010 as 10 million, arround double of the present volume. Tourism in itself has the power to spread world peace, to improve people's life, and to make community aware of its pride. There has been introduced various measures for tourism growth including marine recreation. Each community should chose which tourism attraction to develop and the Central Governmet could assist it.

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This paper summarizes the special session “Application of Recent Numerical Simulation Models to Engineering Design-from wave forecast to wave resistive design-.” This session has been planned to understand the latest numerical simulation models which are employed in engineering design of coastal and offshore project in a variety of the design stages from wave forecast to wave resistive design. In the session, details of the models have been presented as well as their application results. After each presentation, discussions have been done. In the discussions, the advantages and disadvantages in each model have been discussed. As far as the flow model is concerned, the numerical simulation in wave field remains many rooms for improvement. Moreover, important attentions in employing the numerical models have been explained in the discussions.

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This paper presents a summary of the special session “Environmental Impacts of Large Scale Oil Spill and Its Response”. The aim of the session is to establish the best social system against oil spill accidents. In the session, presentations on an oil recovery vessel, system to remove viscous oil in front of beach, emergency management in a prefecture, procedure to request compensation for oil removal and damage due to oil spill accidents, and environmental pollution and administrative system for oil spill accidents were conducted. After the presentations, the oil response strategy was discussed.

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This paper presents a summary of the special session “Land Reclamation at Seas.” The target of the session is to identify technologies which are necessary to construct man-made land environmental-friendly and economically. The session consists of two parts: one part is presentation of the papers regarding with environmental topics on land reclamation at seas and the other part is a panel discussion among panelists presenting the papers. Presented are four papers concerning field observation on algae growth around coastal structures and one paper concerning the general topics on land reclamation projects in Japan. The evaluating methods of algae growth on artificial structures are introduced and its applicability to seawalls of man-made land is confirmed by the result of monitoring surveys.

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In the special session for ‘Environment Restoration Project’ demonstrated that there has been significant advancement in the clarification of an agreement building process and role of scientist among the process. Six of presentations followed by mini workshop type discussion were presented for more than sixty participants for the session. Importance of strategic planning with open discussions among stake holders, multidisciplinary approach for integrated decision making, and adoptive management were stressed as a conclusion.

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New harbor facilities have been requested to develop by introducing new technique concept. A hybrid caisson, which was developed about twenty years ago, is one of new type structures of steel and concrete and has been employed in many harbors. One of important characteristics of the hybrid caisson is to have long footing which is effective on dispersion of self-weight to a foundation and on prevention from overturning failure. The present design only considers these effectiveness, but the long footing may be effective on suppression of horizontal sliding. The present paper investigates effects of the long footing on sliding failure and proposes empirical formulas of wave pressures around the footing for design. Economical effects of the long footing are also evaluated in the paper.

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The design of a breakwater is shifting to the performance-based-design from the evaluation method by safety factor to sliding, overturning, and bearing capacity. And the reliability-based-design for having taken deformation of a breakwater into consideration is devised. In order to adopt the reliability-based-design in the design of a breakwater, a numerical simulation technique is desired, which can describe dynamic destructive phenomenon and predict quantitative deformation appropriately. The authors think that DEM is leading as the calculation technique to acquire important data about deformation. In this research, the authors carried out the numerical simulation for the sliding experiment of a typical breakwater model using DEM. Consequently, the experiment is reproduced good using the dynamic friction 0.5 in addition to the static friction 0.6 between the caisson and the mound. And it became clear that bearing capacity structure of caisson load was formed in the mound.

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Recently, completely submerged structure resting on piles is expected as a new alternative structure to bridge and/or immersed tunnel for relatively shallow-water crossing. In case of those structures, no change in buoyancy can be expected and only pile must resist against external wave force. As a result, the piles should have enough length to exert their friction strength against pulling out force due to wave. Since high safety factor for pulling out is required, reducing vertical force acting on piles becomes important for economical design. This study aims to evaluate the effect of sectional shape on the wave force and to introduce the relationship between sectional shape and vertical wave force acting on supporting structure.

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ケーソンの滑動と回転に関する水理模型実験を実施した.ケーソンに作用する波圧の時間波形について谷本らの提案式と実験とを比較した結果, 谷本らの式は衝撃砕波圧の部分では実験値と比較的よく一致したが, 重複波の部分では実験値より大きくなることがわかった.そこで, 谷本らによって提案された波圧式の重複波部分に対して修正を行った.防波堤の滑動量とケーソンの回転角との関係を調べると, 回転角度が大きくなると滑動量が小さくなることが判った.そこで, 防波堤回転角度に比例するような抵抗力を導入する方法を提案した.新たに提案した波圧式とケーソンの回転に伴う抵抗力の式を期待滑動量の計算式に導入し, 滑動量を計算して, 実験値との比較を行った.

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Quantitative estimation of seawater flowing into hinterland due to high tide levels and high waves is necessary for risk assessment of storm surge floods. Since wave overtopping is caused by a combination of high tide levels and high waves, their concurrent probability should be taken into account for probabilistic evaluation of wave overtopping rates. Besides this, rates of wave overtopping from low pressures have not been evaluated probabilistically.
In this study, the Monte Carlo method was used to obtain data sets of wave overtopping rates long enough for extreme statistics analysis. A stochastic low pressure model was set up through an analysis on observed low pressures, long-term simulation of low pressures was conducted, and extreme statistics analysis of wave overtopping rates was conducted.

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One of performance requirements for revetments should be determined in terms of vertical displacement because revetments should prevent wave overtopping. This study aims at evaluating the performance level of current revetments designed with the present design code. We collected datum of revetments constructed all over Japan and evaluated allowable vertical displacements considering the allowable wave overtopping rate for each revetment. Frequency distribution of evaluated allowable vertical displacements of revetments is presented. We then compared the allowable vertical displacements for revetments with allowable lateral displacements for quay walls by using the results of earthquake response analyses.

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A revetment parapet has the capability of reducing the volume of overtopping wave, and it is also known that its effectiveness largely depends on its own characteristics, such as curvature radius, installation angle, and inclination of slope face. Regrettably, the relationship between the capability and the characteristics is not yet quantitatively known, constituting a bottleneck in constructing such a revetment. In view of the fact below, this study reveals the volume of overtopping wave that could occur at a given beach of the Ise Bay. The data collected there is based on experimentally changed wave conditions, depth of the revetment foot in water, and parapet specifications, and a hydraulic model is used in the test. By using an upright revetment equivalent crown height coefficient, a diagram of estimated overtopping wave volume is prepared in relation to a given wave height, revetment foot depth in water, and crown height from one shape of the parapet to another.

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In the performance based design, the settlement of a revetment should be verified against the design earthquake motion. The allowable settlement is determined from the difference between the design crown height and the crown height at which one expects the allowable wave overtopping rate.
Wave overtopping rates on vertical revetments or mild slope revetments can be evaluated by using previous calculation figures. However, 53.8% of current revetments in Japan have slopes ranged from 1: 1/2 to 1: 3 as a result of reference research. Calculation figures for estimating the wave overtopping rates on revetments with these sloping walls are not proposed.
In this research, we first performed the hydraulic experiments to explore the wave overtopping rate on revetments with sloping walls. Secondly, we developed the predicted model for wave overtopping rates from the wave conditions predicted by Boussinesq equations. Utilizing the predicted model, finally, we developed the figure that determines the allowable settlement as a function of wave overtopping rates.

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Series of laboratory experiments have been carried out to investigate on splash height and overtopping rate of block mound seawall. The splash height and overtopping rate are formulated as a function of the relative crown height and deepwater wave steepness. Probability distribution of a splash height is calculated by using the joint probability density function of significant wave height and period proposed by Mathisen and Bitner-Gregersen. Representative heights of a splash over a seawall are evaluated with the probability distribution function. The present method is applied to estimate the expected heights of wave spray during the occurrence of storm waves on the Oyashirazu Coast in Niigata Prefecture.

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It is needed that retrofit works of existing port facilities due to change in function, improve in function and improve seismic performance. The technical standard for port facilities is focus on a design of new structure in general. In case of retrofit design, we must consider the existing or damaged structure and additional structure. In this paper, we discussed and proposed that the performance based seismic design and evaluation technique for level-2 earthquake motion using shake table tests and numerical simulations.

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Dynamic behavior of sheet pile quay walls is not sufficiently investigated because of a few case histories of sheet pile quay wall damages during 1995 Hyogoken-nambu earthquake. A series of centrifuge model tests and 2-dimensional finite element analyses based on effective stress concept were conducted to investigate the stability of sheet pile quay walls during earthquakes. Two actual quay walls were modeled in the tests and the analyses and subjected to examination in this study: the south quay wall of Fishery Wharf at Kushiro East Port and the south quay wall of wharf No.1 at Kushiro West Port as damage and no-damage cases, respectively. Results of the model test and the numerical analysis corresponded well with the actual residual deformation of sheet pile quay walls.

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This paper aims at presenting the level-one ground motion for port facilities in Kanto region. Authors proposed a new framework for seismic hazard analysis considering source, path and site amplification effects especially due to the deep subsurface structure. Seismic hazard by the proposed method is obtained as time histories of seismic motions and therefore it can be used directly for dynamic analysis. Difference of earthquake response of quay walls by ground motion of present design method and that of proposed method is discussed.

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In the early morning of Sep. 26, a huge earthquake, which named “2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake” had stricken to the eastern coast of Hokkaido Island. This earthquake caused serious damage to roads, dikes, lifelines as well as harbor facilities. The significant damage of quay walls was found in the wharf No.4 in the western port of Kushiro. This paper aims to examine the process of seismic damage which occur to the gravity type quay walls of the wharf No.4 in the western port of Kushiro. Field survey to measure the deformation of gravel backfill behind concrete caisson and numerical simulation of seismic response on the damaged quay walls were conducted. And the causal factor and process of seismic damage to quay walls were discussed.

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Amplification characteristic of earthquake motion at Haneda Airport is ascertained with strong-motion array observation records and linear earthquake response analyses. It is shown that correlation between amplitude ratio and mean S-wave velocity is low, whereas amplitude ratio with 0.5-1 Hz band pass filter is highly correlated with mean S-wave velocity of 30m thick surface ground.

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Seismic stability, which is on sliding and overturning, is verified for a design of a caisson type breakwater if necessary. Static method is used in the practical design, which doesn't take the dynamic response of the breakwater into account. In this study, based on the framework of the performance based earthquake resistant design for caisson type breakwaters, the procedure for the case of applying the friction increasing mat is presented. Firstly, the necessity of earthquake resistant design is judged by the schematic chart. Secondly, dimension of the breakwater for the evaluation of earthquake resistant performance is calculated by the proposed method. Finally, earthquake resistant performance is checked by the methodology based on single degree of freedom system.

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The purpose of this paper is proposing the countermeasures which can reduce the influence on the physical distribution network in a port when a disaster strikes. We analyzed the action outline of various organizations taking into account a previous earthquake and damage assumption, and summarized some problems extracted from them. on the analysis, the action outlines were shown in the following three stages which time progress was considered ;early stage reaction-in three days after the earthquake occurrence, disaster areas emergency reaction-from the 3rd day to the 1st month, positive rehabilitation and reconstruction-after the 1st month. Extracted problems are shown below; the problem on broader physical distribution network, the problem on transportation of aid supplies etc. From them, we suggest that the prompt establishment of a system is required in terms of the insufficiency of a system for a risk management.

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The present study shows the importance of the flood gate performance during severe earthquake accompanied by tsunami. One of the major concerns for mitigation of disastrous earthquake was the occurrence of Tokai, Tonankai and Nankai, Miyagi-oki earthquake which are expected to be accompanied by huge tsunami. Because tsunami source of those earthquakes locates very near to the coast of Japan, quick operation of gate-closing is necessary. Exiting flood gates are recently renewed for automatic operation but it takes much time to close the gate and damage during earthquake and resultant incapability of gating are worried. Considering those situation, new type of flood gate which was designated as a special countermeasure for tsunami was presented. This new tsunami gate gives us the reliable gating capability and safe system at emergency situation by employing the self-gate-closing system.

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This paper introduces development and improvement of the Japanese offshore tsunami profile observation system using seabed installed acoustic wave sensor network named as NOWPHAS (NOWPHAS: Nationwde Ocean Wave network for Ports and HArbourS). Recent observed tsunami profiles caused by the 1993 Hokkaido-Southwest-Off Earthquake, 1994 Hokkaido-East-Off Earthquake, and the 2003 Tokachi-Off Earthquake were introduced. Development of the new wave gauges including the DWDM (Doppler-type Wave Directional Meter) and the new GPS buoy system was described. New NOWPAHS data communication system design using the internet network was also shown.

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The disaster prevention education was tried in the elementary school in a coast low plain where the large damage of an earthquake movement and a tsunami due to the Nankai earthquake are forecast. To attract the interest of disaster prevention, the three-dimensional map made of the styrene foam was made to be made in the beginning. Next, the hazardous location was made to be investigated by using this map. It was made to study in addition by the audiovisual material etc. of the earthquake. The improvement level of the disaster prevention consideration was examined by the questionnaire survey at the end.

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The actual conditions of recreational use of the coastal area on the Pacific coast of the Atsumi peninsula were investigated by the field and questionnaire surveys. Inquiry of users' consciousness of tsunami disaster was carried out at the same time. Records and experiences in the past earthquakes and present tsunami warning systems designed by the local governments were also investigated. Through the investigations, weakness in tsunami disaster prevention in this area was highlighted. Thousand of surfers might be isolated by an earthquake and endangered by a tsunami in the critical conditions.

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This paper describes the level-1 reliability-based design method in view of sliding deformation for caisson-type breakwaters with wave dissipating works. Reliability analysis based on FORM (First-Order Reliability Method) was conducted by using 37 cases of breakwaters constructed all over Japan. In this study, the model proposed by Moriya et al. for calculating sliding deformation was applied to performance function, 10 or 30cm was used for allowable sliding deformation and 8.2×10-3 was used for target failure probability. As a result of this analysis, partial safety factors were calibrated appropriately. Moreover, it was shown that rational and economical design would be possible by using this design method compared with the present design method based on factor of safety.

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It is important to specify most dominant design parameters affecting safety of structures and to improve estimated accuracy of them in order to promote construction cost reduction through the reliability-based design. In this study, the dominant parameters for stability against sliding, overturning, and foundation failure of caisson-type breakwaters are specified by using safety index and sensitivity factor with FORM (First-Order Reliability Method). Moreover, correlations among failure modes in present design sections were described.

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When designing the cellular-bulkhead quay wall, designers should determine the embedded length and the width of the cellular-bulkhead quay wall. As there are plural design alternatives for these parameters, designers should also calculate the construction costs and find the optimal profiles. In this study, authors present the general rule for the determination of the optimal design for the cellular-bulkhead quay wall. Authors then discuss the effects of these parameters on the earthquake resistant performance of the cellular-bulkhead quay wall by conducting the earthquake response analyses.

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It is necessary to evaluate the probability distribution of variables in order to apply the reliability-based design method. In this study, probability distribution of reaction force of fenders acting on quay walls is studied. For the purpose, we firstly evaluated the probability distribution of berthing energy acting on fenders. We then evaluated the probability distribution of reaction force by using performance curves of fenders. It was found that probability distribution of berthing force is complicated and not easy to handle for probabilistic design methods. Therefore we conducted first-order reliability analyses and proposed the probability distribution that is suitable to reliability-based design method.

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Recently many seawater exchangeable breakwater are constructed for improvement of sea water quality in port and inner harbor. However the mechanism of seawater exchanging is not clear, because of their complex configuration. We study the characteristics of flow through a slit by using hydraulic experiments and a numerical simulation using the volume of fluid method (CADMAS-SURF). It is concluded that the characteristics of flow (direction, velocity, etc.) are related to a pair of vortexes induced by the flow through a slit.

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Furubira and Bikuni Fishery Ports are on the Sea of Japan in Hokkaido, Japan. At these ports, mooring lines have broken from the oscillation of fishing boats moored to the mooring quay. In Bikuni Fishery Port, the hull of a fishing boat was seriously damaged when water level rise drove the boat against the mooring quay. When this happened, the sea ws rough due to a low-pressure storm system, but the waves in the port were not strong enough to cause oscillation of fishing boats.Onsite surveys at these two ports determined that long-period waves are largely responsible for such oscillation. Based on the survey results, the critical wave height for cargo handling was determined, and analysis of port calmness was made under the condition of long-period waves. The analysis showed that countermeasures against the long-period waves are needed in the abovementioned ports.

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Seawater exchange breakwaters may be useful to keep the water quality and also to maintain the seabed condition in a harbor. We have already presented a new type of seawater exchange breakwater, which is able to induce outgoing mean current to the offshore by the wave excited vortex motion in the breakwater. In this study, we examine the effectiveness of the breakwater in harbors, such as wave sheltering effects and water exchange abilities. Two ifferent harbor models are adopted to test the effectiveness of the breakwater. Performance of the breakwater in the harbor is also compared to the previous two dimensional results in the vertical plane. It is seen that the new breakwater is effective in harbors in the same way as the two dimensional wave field.

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The Naha breakwater, for which a sloping top caisson covered with wave dissipating blocks was adopted, had been already constructed except 40-m at the head of south side breakwater of 900-m in total length. Since this breakwater head is located close to Naha airport, installation of blocks is very difficult because of the obstacle limitation of the airport. In addition, the wave runup height must be considered not to exceed this surface.
The sloping slit caisson was selected as a alternative structure in order to reduce wave runup without wave dissipating blocks. This paper describes the hydraulic characteristics of this structure investigated by the model experiments and numerical simulations.

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As the length of a caisson becomes long, the wave force per unit length becomes smaller because of the wave phase difference. In this study, we performed hydraulic model test on a long caisson placed on the complicated submarine topography model under various wave conditions in order to investigate the characteristics of wave reduction.
It is found that the wave force on a long caisson placed on the complicated submarine topography is reduced significantly in the case of oblique waves. The reduction ratio for multi-directional random waves is smaller than that for uni-directional random waves due to directional spreading. In the case of head-on waves, wave force per unit length on the long caisson becomes smaller because of the dispersion of the wave height and the phase due to wave refraction.

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A review to place the physical assessments of beach nourishment projects of USA in perspective by placing them in the broader context of long-term commitments to coastal resources is carried out. Attention is focused on the scale of nourishment operations, sources of fill materials, economic costs of projects, sources of sediments, design considerations, locations for fill, negative and positive ecological impacts of nourishment, and enhancement of dunes. Results are briefly summarized and their adaptability for Japanese coasts is discussed.

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Recently, evaluation of industrial heritages is a significant issue, and abolished coastal forts are obtaining social interest. Military forts have been pursued mainly in the field of history of military affairs or history of civil engineering, however, inherent “ruinage” landscape that old forts possess has not been well discussed.
This study quests for the potential value of landscape and space in abolished coastal forts through the analysis of expressions in media, mainly in web pages generated by general visitors 13 keywords are obtained to explain the potential value of military structures, including Fictional space, Artisticity, Non-artificiality, Place for adventure, Ephemera, or Confrontation of nature and manmade facilities. Furthermore, landscape and spatial properties of 5 major fort ruins are manifested through the comparative analysis with those elements.

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Beach debris is the one of the most important environmental problems in the world. To reduce the amount of debris many volunteer programs are acted. This paper reports on the survey of the beach debris in Ishikawa pref. There was a lot of used fireworks garbage in summer, and cigarettes buttes were dominant near parking area of the car express ways. Further, driftwoods increased along the Noto peninsula.

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he purpose of this research tried to explain the actual condition of the use of the man-made rocky coast and that evaluation from the user's viewpoint. Therefore, two questionnaire investigations were done. One questionnaire investigation was carried out for the person who actually use rocky coast. Mother questionnaire investigation was carried out for the school children after the rocky coast play. The summary of the results obtained by these investigations are as follows: 1) there is no difference in the satisfactory degree by the number of experience of rocky coast play. 2) There is effect which makes rocky coast play improve consciousness toward the ecosystem and the natural environment. 3) The injury which can be accepted in rocky coast play is about a scratch.

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Beach seine is one of shore recreations. Not only, can obtain a valuable experience under the operation, but also can enjoy cooking and tasting the harvested. This event becomes popular subject of outdoor activity for kindergarten as well as university student's curriculum. The current study introduces details of this event, which is being carried out in Fujisawa city, Kanagawa prefecture. The beach seine is conducted according to traditional fishery operation. And the management becomes a new business model for coastal fishery.

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In harbor areas, improvement works for the natural environment such as the green tracts, beaches, and tidal flats have been done, securing the function of the harbor as the distribution base.
On the other hand, needs for the place for the nature experience study and ecotour are increasing.
Then, in this study, the arrangement of an existing case and analysis of the natural environment are executed to verify the possibility of the nature experience study and ecotour in harbor areas in Okinawa. Moreover the nature experience study and ecotour are executed experimentally in three places for extract problems.
As the results, a lot of natural environment that is useful for the nature experience study and ecotour such as coral reeves and tidal flats exist in harbor areas in Okinawa, and they have high potential.
The lack of facilities and administrative problems were seen on the other hand.

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It has been getting important recently to take a local resident's request into consideration for coastal improvement works. Based on the questionnaire survey for the coastal primary psycho-scenes, items that related to the coastal primary psycho-scenes were studied. The items have four types; activity in amenity spaces, things and natural phenomenon, five physical senses and Kansei (sensitivity). Since the people can become pleasant when seeing beautiful scenery, this sensitivity was defined as “Kansei” and its strength as “Kansei point”. The Kansei points could be estimated by using the each items It was found that a correlation coefficient for the five senses and Kansei point was high. The common items related to the coastal primary psycho-scenes are as following: waves, bridges rock and evening sun.

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