Little is known of the Permo-Carboniferous fossils in the Touman area, notwithstanding the fact that the Upper Palaeozoic formation of the area is quite different from the Heian group in most other areas of Tyosen and the Tai-tzu-ho System in South Manchoukuo as noted by Prof. T. KOBAYASHI.

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During my stay in Washington, D. C., as a visiting scholar at the U. S. National Museum, 1931-1934, Dr. Edwin KIRK once showed me a peculiar trilobite, Asaphus (?) curiosus BILLINGS, which is, acording to him, an important horizon-marker in Lower Ordovician formations in North America. As suggested by its name, it is quite different from all of the other trilobites so far known. Lately, however, I have obtained a similar one from an Upper Cambrian formation in the Huanglouhsien area, in Eastern Jehol. While only the pygidium is known of the former species that of the latter is found associated with a cranidium of saukid-type. As other parts of carapace remain unknown of these trilobites, nothing definite can be mentioned of their true phylogenetic relationship. It appears more probable however that such peculiar forms indicate terminal branches of two different evolutional lines rather than that they are mutually related. At any rate the two trilobites are quite different from the others and they can be readily distinguished from each other. Therefore Hamashania is proposed here for the Upper Cambrian one of Eastern Asia and Kirkella for the Lower Ordovician one of North America.

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[in Japanese]

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Two external casts of Btachiopoda found by the writer early in this year in a trachytic tuff of the Nakazato Series developed at the south-western foot of Takainari-yama, Hikoroiti-mura, Kesengun, Iwate-ken, are identical with Atrypa desquamata SOWERBY, the well known Middle Devonian fossil, of world wide, distribution. The following is the short description of this fossil:
Shell more or less wider than high, squarish in outline, somewhat shouldered at cardinal extremities, probably widest along hinge line, ornamented with radiating ribs crossed by well marked growth lines. Ventral valve moderately convex, with slight median depression in front, dorsal valve much inflated, being more convex than ventral valve. Radiating ribs most marked near umbonal part, thence gradually weaking to frontal region, with the increase in number by successive intercalation of new ones; five of them counted in 5mm. Growth lines concentrical, distinct, becommiug finer towards cardinal extremities, six to seven of them counted in 5mm near umbonal region. Hinge line long and straight. Area, muscular impression and brachial structure unknown. Width 27mm and height 25mm
Of the three mutations distinguished by GRABAU in the Chinese forms of Atrypa desquamata, mut. kansuensis GRABAU, particularly the figured specimen from the Mlaoerhchuan bed of Kamm province approaches most closely the Japanese form, but the latter differs from the former by having better developed concentric growth lines similar to the British or west European Atrypa desquamata and by being more shouldered at cardinal extremities. To this Japanese form, a new name japonica is here proposed. Reg. No.65468.

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The fossil mollusca treated here are those collected by Mr. R. ENDÔ, geologist of the Imperial Geological Survey of Japan, from Katanisi Oil Field, Akita Prefecture. The fossil fauna is found at Tayazawa, Wakimoto-mura, Minami Akita-gôri, and consists of 52 species of mollusca, as listed in the table inserted in the Japanese text, among which Pecten (Patinopecten) yessoensis JAY 15 most common; no shells of the warm water type (Kurosio type) are found. Of these 52 species, 8 species are found only as fossils, while the remaining 44 are fossil as well as living. From the presence of Turritella nipponica YOKOYAMA, which is found very frequently in the Pleistocene series of our country, the writer believes the fossil fauna is later Pliocene or Plio-Pleistocene in age. Short remarks and figures are given on some interesting shells.

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Species of the genus Amphipora from China are very few, only two forms being hitherto known as valid, namely, Amphipora ramosa (PHILLIPS) and Amphipora asiatica COWPER REED. The former was recorded in 1920 by H. YABE and I. HAYASAKA from the Middle Devonian of Chin-Jou-shan, Ho-lu-kou, Kiang-huahsien, Hunan Province and Kwei-lin, Kwangsi Province, and the latter, in 1927, by F. R. COWPER REED from the Permo-Carboniferous of Ta-lu-wei-sha, Yunnan Province. Consequently YABE and HAYASAKA'S description is-the first record of the occurrence of this genus in China.

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The family Oculinidae is here used in the sense redefined by VERRILL, and corresponding to MILNE-EDWARDS and HAIME'S Oculinacae; the latter authors originally included in the Oculinidae not only Oculinacae, but also Stylasterinacae, which now constitutes an independent hydrozoan family. Although oculinid corals from Japan are rather few in the number of genera and species, their presence in the Japanese seas was already known to European naturalists nearly a century ago.

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[in Japanese]

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