A census of wild Yakushima macaque (
Macaca fuscata yakui) troops was carried out in a 10.5km
2 area of 1, 020-1, 830m above sea level of Yakushima Island, Japan. In a 5km
2 area of the ecotone of broadleaf evergreen and conifer forests, troop sizes were larger (ca. 20 monkeys), and the home ranges were also larger. Troop density was about 0.7 troo ps/km
2. Some troops might have been provisioned by tourists. In a 5.5km
2 of conifer forest (1, 260-1, 830m a. s. l.), both troop size and home range size were smaller, and troop density was about 1.4-1.5tr oops/km
2. Fecal analysis suggests that they fed on more leaves of broadleave trees than the area of lower altitude.
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