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Volume 15 (1973)
- Issue 4 Pages 155-
- Issue 3 Pages 101-
- Issue 2 Pages 51-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 15, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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PETER O. PERETTI, JOAN CARBERRY1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 155-158
Published: December 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive common garter snakes (Thamnophis sertalis) were run on an elevated Y-maze to find out if they might learn:(1) a Y-maze, and (2) the correct location of the goal box by choosing the right pathway to the goal (place learning). Results indicated that Thamnophis sertails can learn a Y-maze as well as place learning.View full abstractDownload PDF (265K) -
KIYOSHI ANDO1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 159-163
Published: December 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRats were trained with food reinforcement under a differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedule for 2 hours a day for 30 days. The DRL schedule value was either 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, or 160sec. Prolonged training decreased the frequency of shorter interresponse times (IRTs) and increased the frequency of longer IRTs in all rats. The IRT peaks characteristic of temporal discrimination were obtained under all values of DRLs. Analysis of median IRTs, response rates and reinforcement frequency indicated that performances under DRL 20 or 40-sec were consistent within sessions and stabilized in the limited training time. Responding under DRL 5 or 10-sec decreased within each session because of satiation. The IRT peaks under DRL 80 and 160-sec were located at about half of the schedule value.View full abstractDownload PDF (340K) -
PHYLLIS M. J. SHIGEHISA, TSUYOSHI SHIGEHISA, JOHN R. SYMONS1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 164-172
Published: December 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVisual thresholds were determined in 3 types of S by a modified method of limits under 5 intensities of a 1 KHz pure tone. An analysis of variance of the data showed significant results for personality group and its interaction with intensity conditions. Under medium and strong intensities of tone, visual sensitivity “decreased” in introverts, and “increased” in extraverts with a greater increase at strong than medium intensities. In ambiverts it increased under strong intensity only. Non-significance of the intensity effect suggested visual dominance over auditory stimulation. Significant correlations between EPI E (but not N) scale scores and sensitivity change indicated the more extraverted the S is, the greater the increase in visual sensitivity. The results supported the proposed hypotheses.View full abstractDownload PDF (729K) -
IV. FARTHER COMPARISON OF VARIABILITY OF SHOCK-AVOIDANCE AND FOOD-APPROACH BEHAVIORHIROSHI IMADA1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 173-178
Published: December 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRats were either avoidance or approach trained in a situation in which responses in a variety of directions were relatively free to occur. The training was continued until the response speed of the approach behavior became faster than that of the avoidance behavior. Then the approach group was subdivided into two groups differing in hunger drive. The variability of the slower avoidance behavior was significantly less than that of the faster approach behavior. The findings gave farther support of the conclusion that the rigidity of behavior was an intrinsic nature of fear-motivated behavior and not simply a function of the drive strength as indexed by response speed.View full abstractDownload PDF (408K) -
A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDYMACHIKO FUKUHARA1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 179-193
Published: December 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to know the expectations of Japanese students towards counseling, and the possible effects of those expectations on the outcome of counseling, a comparison study with American students was conducted. A Questionnaire, a Counseling Problem Test and a Counselor Preference Test were administered to 185 Japanese and 72 American students. As a result, it was found that hypotheses were partly supported in that American students seemed to understand counseling in both SPS and psychological service concepts, while Japanese students seemed to understand it as some kind of advice-giving function. However, some similarities were also found: both groups preferred rather directive styles in the helping relationships and chose a friend as consultant. There might be another variable, in adolescents in particular, influencing expectations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1063K) -
AIKO KOZAKI1973 Volume 15 Issue 4 Pages 194-203
Published: December 10, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationships between lightness and brightness responses under the condition that achromatic “surface color” appears and the relationships between perceived illumination and brightness were examined. The Ss were required to make categorical judgments upon both lightness and brightness of the test patches presented on black and white backgrounds and upon the over-all illumination in the visual field. Conclusion is as follows: the functions of lightness judgments and of brightness judgments are different, and the relation between them depends on the luminance of the background. Brightness responses for a test surface depends not only on the surface luminance but also on the background or the adjacent field luminance. The similarity of the stimulus correlate of brightness to that of perceived illumination is also argued.View full abstractDownload PDF (772K)
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