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Volume 17 (1975)
- Issue 4 Pages 155-
- Issue 3 Pages 111-
- Issue 2 Pages 61-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 17, Issue 2
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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OSAMU IWATA1975 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 61-71
Published: July 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study analyzed individual differences in the effect of noise upon a continuous addition task (Uchida-Kraepelin Psychodiagnostic Test). Female college students worked the task in both quiet and noisy conditions. Radio news and a cross-talk comedy were presented during the noisy condition. High and low scorers were selected in terms of performance level, fluctuation of performance, strain of will-power, errors, and effect of rest which were obtained from the quiet and pre-rest condition. Comparisons of these 2 groups showed that the effect of noise upon the task was different in the indices of performance and that those whose performance characteristics were different showed different performance patterns. A rating of seriousness of noise disturbance was related to task performance.View full abstractDownload PDF (622K) -
SETSUKO MIZUNO1975 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 72-78
Published: July 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe span of short-term memory for a very brief visual display was investigated using both redundant and non-redundant sequences of alphanumeric symbols generated by a digital computer with a cathode-ray tube graphic display. The memory span, expressed in terms of average length of correctly reproduced sequences, was found to decrease monotonically to an asymptotic value as the average amount of information per symbol increased, while it increased almost linearly with the increase in the display time. An experimental equation was derived to approximate these relationships based on an interpretation of the processes of visual perception in terms of the span of instantaneous vision and the rate of visual scanning.View full abstractDownload PDF (420K) -
HAJIME YOSHIDA1975 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 79-86
Published: July 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe study investigated the temporal relationship between performance gains and awareness in concept conditioning. The Ss were required to select 1 of the 4 words of 4 different concepts. Awareness of the concept and the contingency between responses and reinforcement was evaluated by means of a postconditioning interview. Successful conditioning was found in Ss who had acquired the concept. The performance increased after Ss acquired the concept, though performance in these Ss did not increase prior to reports of the concepts. Performance gains were not found in Ss who were merely aware of the contingency, nor in Ss who were not aware of the contingency. The results suggest that performance gains in concept conditioning are not mediated by awareness of the contingency, but mediated by awareness of the concept.View full abstractDownload PDF (567K) -
KEIKICHI HAYASHIBE, KEIICHIRO TSUJI, MASATOSHI HARA1975 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 87-90
Published: July 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS20 monocularized chicks were tested on visual pitfalls. They avoided visual pitfalls as successfully as binocular ones except that the former exhibited more remarkable peeping into visual pitfalls accompanied by large head movements than the latter. These findings appeared to suggest that the detection of motion parallax was made easier by means of taking an unclosed eye excessively for the compensation of monocularization. Additionally, some findings of monocular depth discrimination in the human was discussed in connection with those of animals. It was concluded that the monocular vision is as efficient as the binocular one concerning the depth discrimination.View full abstractDownload PDF (263K) -
HOW DOES THE NATURE OF INTERPOLATED TASK AFFECT INFORMATION LOSS?YUJI HAKODA, SACHIO NAKAMIZO1975 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 91-97
Published: July 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS2 experiments were conducted to demonstrate that the encoding in the shortterm memory system is 2 dimensional in nature. Experiment I was designed to retest Heyer and Barrett's hypothesis under the conditions of similar and dissimilar interpolated stimuli. The results of Experiment I indicated that the identity information was encoded both acoustically and pictorially and that the position information was encoded pictorially. Experiment II was designed to examine the effect of time lapse on the dual-encoding. The result suggested that 200 msec after the offset of the original stimulus, position information was encoded pictorially and identity information was encoded pictorially and acoustically in the STM-system. The dual-encoding model were proposed based on the results of these experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (502K) -
TAROW INDOW, MASASHI IDA1975 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 98-105
Published: July 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe first part dealt with scaling of uj from data djk corresponding to (uj-uk), j, k=1, 2, ..., n, where djk are not available for all possible pairs. The generality of the procedure in the sense that djk can be obtained in various ways and the importance of incomplete data in practice were discussed. It was shown with an example that uj obtained by the method proposed by Gulliksen (1956) is sometimes critically affected by choice of the origin and a method to overcome the instability was suggested. In the second part, a simple method was described to convert djk into a scale of common unit when djk are originally given with different units according to row j. The method is applicable even when the data matrix is incomplete and the obtained djk with a unified unit, complete or incomplete, can be used for unidimensional scaling as stated in the first parts, and also for multidimensional scaling of the set of n stimuli.View full abstractDownload PDF (463K) -
SHOJI KAKIGI, GENICHI HAGINO, DAISUKE TOMINAGA, TOSHIAKI MORI1975 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 106-110
Published: July 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of the present study was to understand both the behavioral (reaction time) and physiological (contingent negative variation and visual evoked response) bases of habituation using a simple reaction time paradigm. Each of 16 adult Ss was given a total of 200 trials with a 1000 msec S1-S2 interval. The results showed that the amplitude of contingent negative variation decreased and reaction time increased over the trial blocks. The visual evoked response, on the other hand, was not changed significantly. The marked habituation effect upon the contingent negative variation was observed in the terminal period of the interstimulus interval.View full abstractDownload PDF (277K)
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