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Volume 18 (1976)
- Issue 4 Pages 155-
- Issue 3 Pages 105-
- Issue 2 Pages 47-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 18, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONASHOK NAGPAL, ANIMA SEN1976 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 47-55
Published: September 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn attempt towards exploring the relation between level of anxiety and the classical defense conditioning rate of much-neglected patellar reflex, materialised in the form of present biphasic experimental investigation. The IPAT Anxiety Questionnaire Scale was administered to 90 university male students and out of the total range of raw scores obtained thereby, 32 students, half each from the 2 poles of high anxiety (Percentile Range: 89-97) and low anxiety (Percentile Range: 8-33) were sorted out to undergo the single-sessioned experiment; the data being collected in a 2 (manifest anxiety levels)×2 (differential instructions) factorial design by employing Purdue knee-reflex apparatus. The findings of the acquisition phase indicated a significant pacing up of the conditioning rate under the impact of high anxiety and anxiety-orienting instructions, independently. Another measure in the same phase, namely, amplitude of the knee-reflex was significantly higher in the highly-anxious subjects as compared to their lowly-anxious counterparts. Analysis of the data of a transient extinction phase revealed that anxiety, be it manifest or induced, did not have any influence over either of the 2 aforesaid measures.View full abstractDownload PDF (694K) -
SHOJI KITAJIMA, MINAMI KANOH1976 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 56-62
Published: September 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA test click (TC) of 2 msec duration, 60 dB above the threshold, paired with a preceding conditioning light (CL), 0.003 mL intensity, either of 1500 msec duration (Session I) or 20 μsec flash (Session II), was delivered to human Ss. An ISI of the CL-TC pair varied from 200 to 900 msec. The facilitatory interaction of the CL on the recovery of the auditory evoked potential for the TC was found to occur at 400 msec ISI in Session I as well as in Session II though the CL duration in the 2 sessions were different.View full abstractDownload PDF (519K) -
SEIICHIRO NAMBA, SONOKO KUWANO, TOHRU KATO1976 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 63-72
Published: September 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNon-steady-state noise was composed of pedestal and intensity increment of 3 dB or 6 dB. The increment occupied one-seventh of whole stimulus duration (350 msec or 700 msec) and its position was systematically shifted. The loudness of non-steady-state noise was obtained by loudness matching, paired comparison and using auditory evoked potential. From these experiments the systematical effect of the position of the increment was noticed. When the increment was situated at the beginning or at the end of the pedestal, the loudness was overestimated. On the other hand, when the increment was situated in the middle of the pedestal, underestimation occurred. An attempt was made to explain this phenomenon by the synchronization of neuron discharge, the auditory adaptation and the temporal inhibition.View full abstractDownload PDF (638K) -
MICHIO BABA1976 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 73-81
Published: September 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was concerned with the effects of the intensity of motivation and the difference between discriminanda (time to reinforcement) on double-alternation learning. 150 students were assigned to 5 motivation groups, each consisting of 3 discriminandum groups. Ss' task was to find out which of 2 response buttons was associated with a shorter (“correct”) buzzer sound which changed its side in double-alternation. The 5 motivation groups differed significantly in mean log latency but not in number of correct responses. The increased difference in time to reinforcement for the positive and negative responses facilitated the choice performance but not the speed of response. These results were discussed in terms of the Yerkes-Dodson law, of which a variation of the Hullian explanation was proposed. An analysis of the present results revealed that the percentage of correct responses was a linear function of the difference between log correct and incorrect time to reinforcement.View full abstractDownload PDF (600K) -
YOSHIO TAKANE1976 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 82-90
Published: September 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA maximum likelihood estimation procedure is presented for the latent profile model when the conditional distributions of manifest variates given specific latent classes are assumed to be normal, together with the associated tests of the goodness of fit. By incorporating means of constraining estimated parameters in various ways, an important class of statistical hypotheses, constant and equality, about the structures of latent classes can be tested. Illustrative examples are included with the results suggesting strongly the usefulness of the current approach.View full abstractDownload PDF (616K) -
GEORGE T. MILONAS1976 Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 91-104
Published: September 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEighteen Japanese freshmen students were assigned to two experimental and one control group to test Ausubel's (1963) subsumption theory of meaningful verbal learning and retention in a retroactive interference paradigm. Between the original learning task and the test for retention, one experimental group learned a similar but conflicting passage while the other experimental group learned a completely dissimilar passage. The control group did not participate in any interpolated learning task. Contrary to the findings of Anderson and Myrow (1971), whose material and modified methods were used, no retroactive interference occurred. The results of this study support Ausubel's subsumption theory of meaningful verbal learning and retention.View full abstractDownload PDF (1078K)
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