Japanese Psychological Research
Online ISSN : 1468-5884
Print ISSN : 0021-5368
Volume 25, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
  • FUMIKO MATSUDA, MICHIHIKO MATSUDA
    1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 119-129
    Published: November 30, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Learning processes in accuracy of duration estimation were examined several times by the response duration schedule at about semiannual intervals on the same children as they grew from three to six years old. The apparatus was a picture of a boy moving along a path with a constant speed, the start-and-stop being controlled by a button. The subject was instructed to push the button exactly for the duration required for the boy start moving and stop at a goal which took 10 s. The moving boy and the goal were hidden from the subject's view, and only after each trial he received visual and verbal feedbacks. Almost all children over three years eight months of age could sucessfully carry out the task. Numbers of trials to reach the criterion and errors in the response durations decreased with age.
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  • Evidence from confirmatory latent structure analysis
    NORIYUKI MATSUDA
    1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 130-139
    Published: November 30, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Satisfaction with life, job, firm and income can be considered as indicators of the latent cognition about one's quality of life. In the present analysis, we postulated that, for most of the Japanese males, a) the two principal dimensions of the cognitive subspace related to covert evaluation of the attained intrinsic and extrinsic rewards of work, b) latent states in these dimensions were to be manifested as job and income satisfaction, respectively, c) job and firm satisfaction were indicators of the same cognition, and d) life satisfaction was the overall evaluation derived from cognition in these dimensions. The postulates were then translated into a latent class model and applied to the data of a large national sample. Although the model in the original form did not meet our acceptance criteria, the reasonable fit was obtained when it was modified to let job satisfaction partially reflect cognition in the other dimension as well. It was also found that there were two classes of people whose cognitive subspace comprised additional dimension (s). However, the classes were small in size. The results of our analysis provide evidence that both spillover and compensatory effects exist in a large population.
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  • KYOSUKE FUKUDA, KATSUYA MATSUNAGA
    1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 140-146
    Published: November 30, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Effects of stimulus modality, information processing activity and motor response on the blink rate were examined. In Experiment 1, visual and auditory stimuli were employed. The blink rate peaked just after a stimulus and then progressively decreased until the next stimulus. The changes in the blink rate were similar for both the visual and the auditory stimulus conditions. In Experiment 2, only auditory stimuli were given to examine the effects of discriminative responses and motor responses on the blink rate. The heights of peaks increased as the processing load increased, while the motor responses had no effect on the post-stimulus peaks. Attention level was used to explain the pre-stimulus attenuation, and processing load to the post-stimulus peaks.
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  • TADASHI KIKUCHI, TADASU OYAMA, SHIGERU ICHIHARA
    1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 147-155
    Published: November 30, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two visual stimuli consisting of one to five dots were presented successively for 5 ms each with a varying SOA. The reports of four subjects were classified into three types: Type 1, simultaneous perception of the two stimuli; Type 2, partially integrated perception; and Type 3, independent perception. The dominant type changed with the increase of the SOA. Type 1 prevailed up to the SOA of 60 ms and then was superseded by Type 2, which then was replaced by Type 3 as the SOA exceeded 100 ms, Correct responses of the first and the second stimuli were examined separately. Three possible sources of temporal integration and visual masking were discussed in the context of a multistage model proposed by Oyama, Kikuchi, and Ichihara (1981).
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  • SHIGEMASA SUMI
    1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 156-163
    Published: November 30, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The effect of visual pursuit of a smoothly moving target on the perceptual stability or position constancy of a nonmoving object was studied at two temporal phases, i. e., when the target appeared and when it disappeared. A test flash was presented at various phases of time after appearance and disappearance of a moving target tracked by the eyes. The apparent position of the flash was frequently displaced (the loss of position constancy) in the direction opposite to the target motion. It was maximal in frequency at about 0.6 s after the appearance and relatively high for 0.4 to 2 s after the disappearance of the target. Then, in the latter case, the displacement reversed, i. e., in the same direction as the target motion. The reversal was sooner for the target which moved faster. The results were discussed in terms of the cancellation hypotheses. Some temporal characteristics of the pursuit extraretinal signal and of the retinal one were suggested.
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  • SHINOBU KITAYAMA
    1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 164-169
    Published: November 30, 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the present article it is proposed that a person's readiness to acknowledge other views varies as an inverse function of his expectancy concerning the extent to which he can maintain favorable self-evaluation by continuously standing for his own view. Based on this idea, influence processes between a majority and a minority in a group discussion are explored. A summary of experimental data is presented, showing that: 1) A majority member, but not a minority member, is more likely to insist on his own view when he previously failed in an important, but irrelevant task than when he succeeded in it. 2) A minority member becomes influential when majority members try to differentiate their group from another group. Some problems posed by the present research are discussed.
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  • 1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 171a
    Published: 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1983 Volume 25 Issue 3 Pages 171b
    Published: 1983
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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