Japanese Psychological Research
Online ISSN : 1468-5884
Print ISSN : 0021-5368
Volume 36, Issue 4
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
  • KUMIKO MURAYAMA
    1994 Volume 36 Issue 4 Pages 201-210
    Published: December 21, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study evaluated a course that attempted to apply art therapy techniques to art education for female students. The Landscape Montage Technique was used to explain the an therapy theory, since its methods of interpretation were well established. The purpose of the nine-session course.“Expressive Training, ” in which seven pictures were drawn, was to encourage female students, from a psychological point of view, in the pursuit of their careers. First, students reproduced one of the best pictures they had painted in the past. Then, each drew two pictures of her “feelings now.” In this step, a focusing method was used to deal with the students' current problems. Finally, they drew an image of their future work. The Aesthetic Interest Test, a Self-Esteem Scale, and the K-H-T-P drawings were administered at the beginning and the end to evaluate the effects of the course, and the test scores generally improved. Additionally, students' impressions of their own works, rated along sixteen scales, showed that their pictures were seen as generally feminine, warm, bright, curvy and soft.
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  • HIROMI MORITA
    1994 Volume 36 Issue 4 Pages 211-218
    Published: December 21, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    I found that change in early visual features generally evokes involuntary attention, which is called stimulus-driven attention. In Experiment 1, luminance was increased (light condition) or decreased (dim condition) in the periphery as a cue. Then the subjects judged which of the two light spots. one on the cued side and the other on the opposite side, was presented earlier. Although the spots were presented simultaneously at an equal eccentricity, consistent responses (responses to the cued side) were significantly more frequent than inconsistent ones immediately after the presentation of the cue. This result indicates that stimulus-driven attention affects temporal-order judgments. In Experiment 2, the cue was a change in color (color condition) or orientation (orientation condition) in the periphery. Consistent responses were also more frequent, which means that color and orientation evoke stimulus-driven attention. These results can be explained by a model that a single mechanism of attention is driven by early visual processing modules.
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  • Comparison between Tokyo, Taipei and Tianjin
    MIHO SAITO
    1994 Volume 36 Issue 4 Pages 219-232
    Published: December 21, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this comparative study on color preference in Tokyo, Taipei and Tianjin, subjects were asked to choose from a color chart the three colors they liked most and the three they liked least, in addition to stating the reasons for their choices. The statistically significant differences obtained for both hues and tones and the results of analysis by Dual Scaling indicated that each area has unique color preference tendencies. However, a high preference for white was common to all three areas, along with preferences for some other colors. These results, together with those of the author's previous comparative study in Japan and Korea, thus demonstrate a common strong preference for white in four neighboring Asian areas. The reasons given for the choices suggested that associative images of colors based on environmental and cultural aspects may be one of the important factors that influence color preference.
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  • KOHEI ADACHI
    1994 Volume 36 Issue 4 Pages 233-238
    Published: December 21, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: February 24, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents a computer-based system for retrieving a witnessed face from a database of faces. To construct the database, a male adult was asked to observe 100 male adult faces one by one on a TV monitor and describe the features of each face using a set of 605 descriptors which had been collected in the previous study. Feature descriptors thus chosen for each face are stored in the database. A computer algorithm calculates a similarity value between a description by a witness and the stored description of each face, to search for the faces which match the witness's description. The similarity is defined as a function of inter-feature similarities, using a vector representation of features. These inter-feature similarities are obtained from either human ratings or statistical correlations. An experimental evaluation of the system using 12 college students as “witnesses” gave promising results.
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