The role of mahalanobis space in quality engineering is to define the origin or the reference point in multi-variote space and the unit of distance. The distances of each n person including non-healthy people are used asn levels of signal. On the other hand, the new mahalanobis distances of the same n person by discarding some variales are output data to obtain Signal-to-noise ratio in order to judge the usefulness of the variable discarded.

A systematic way to select variables using an orthogonal array is also explained in this article.

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A　calibration　system　of　industrial　pH　meter　used　in　chemical　production　process　is　optimized based　on　the　Japanese　lndustrial　Standard　Z　9090　"Measurement-General　rules　for　calibration system"　.　When　measuring　instrument　used　inproduction　process　is　calibrated,it　is　usually　removed from　the　process　after　the　process　is　terminated.　The　calibration　system　is　changed　to　realize　that instrument　can　be　inspected　without　removed　from　the　process　by　using　auxiliary　standard　solution.　Error　of　determining　standard　value　of　auxiliary　standard　solution　and　its　influence　on　measurement　error　are　estimated　by　orthogonal　array　experiments.　lt　is　confirmed　that　the　error　variance　of　standard　value　is　one　five　of　that　of　pH　meter　measurement,and　the　new　calibration　system with　inspection　using　auxiliary　standard　solution　is　effective.

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One　of　the　importants　for　an　amplifier　is　that　the　gain　of　frequency　characteristic　is　flat. But　quite　ofen,　it　is　not,　especially　for　the　amplifiers　with　a　wide　range.　ln　order　to　make　the　response　flat,　a　circuit　called　equalizer　is　connected　to　compensate　the　gain　declination.　The　objectives　of　this　study　is　to　optimize　the　robustness　of　the　amplifier　and　find　the　controlfactors　which least　affect　SN　ratio　but　most　affect　sensitivity　to　conduct　the　tuning　so　that　the　gain　becomes　flat. The　least　squares　method　was　used　to　find　the　solution.　ln electriccircuits,　it　is　common　that　the　input　,　the　output　and　the　proportional　constant　are　consisted　of　complex　numbers　where　both　the　real and　the　imaginary　numbers　are　important.　ln　this　study,　the　analysis　method　of　dealing　with　complex　numbers　developed　by　Dr.Genichi　Taguchi　was　used　with　a　good　result.

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Generally,　a　liquid　chromatography　(LC)　is　widely　used　in　the　field　of　a　chemical　and　a　pharmaceutical　analysis.　On　account　of　many　advances　of　a　modern　technique　of　the　instrumental　analysis and　the　appearance　of　high　resolution　column,　a　chemical　analysis　and　a　quantitative　analysis　are done　more　accurately　than　before.　However,　it　seems　that　the　determination　of　the　analytical　condition　is　mostly　performed　empirically.　ln　development　of　a　new　drug　research,　LC　is　an　indispensable　tool　for　the　analysis　of　the　chemical　components,　and　so　it　is　important　to　get　the　analytical conditions　which　is　able　to　performed　high　degree　of　the　separation.　This　paper　describes　that　the parameter　design　was　conductedto　optimize　the　analytical　condition　of　a　LC.　The　experiments were　conducted　on　the　L₁₈　orthogonal　array.　Evaluation　was　done　by　the　S/N　ratio　and　sensitivity in　comparison　withthe　current　condition.　The　optimum　condition　was　determined　from　the　control factor　levels　which　gave　the　large　values　of　a　S/N　ratio　and　sensitivity　S.　As　a　result,　an　improvement　was　estimated　as　3.32db　in　a　S/N　ratio.　lt　seems　that　this　method　can　be　widely　applicableto the　determination　of　the　analytical　conditions　of　a　LC.

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