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Volume 35 (2005)
- Issue 3 Pages 318-
- Issue 2 Pages 164-
- Issue 1 Pages 6-
Volume 35, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Features
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Yoshinori IIZUKAArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 6-10
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSAround 30 years ago, I had a discussion with design engineers on the prevention of design failures. They insisted that it would be quite difficult to predict possible design failures in early stages of design. That was when I decided in my mind to establish "structured knowledge engineering". This paper discusses significance, difficulties and possible solutions of successful prediction of possible design failures. Prediction is an extrapolation of experience or reuse of knowledge, in such a way as "something may happen for an entity having certain characteristics when it is subjected to certain conditions". This paper also discusses a significance of verification during design processes. Design is specifications for means to achieve objectives. Design is a process to find acceptable solutions that achieve given objectives and do not cause any undesirable effects, where draft designs should be verified from variety of viewpoints. In this sense, verification and validation during design processes are essential. In modern complex society, we have to have a variety of knowledge. There is a "structure" in any knowledge. If we accumulate valuable knowledge in proper structure, we can use the knowledge successfully for the sake of our society. So, in what structure do you accumulate your knowledge ?View full abstractDownload PDF (641K) -
Masayuki NAKAOArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 11-17
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSCreative design requires two kinds of knowledge: (1) Design methodology to set thinking parameters from the customer's needs through the functional requirements to the engineering solutions (2) Searching methodology to find right information to satisfy the requirements and to reach a special individual solution from the general researched solution Especially, Japanese engineers need to set the requirement in advance of the solution, and select a set of the uncoupled, non-interfered solutions to satisfy each requirement independently. This paper demonstrates the usage of the knowledge with the design example of a height adjustable chair in Japanese tatami-rooms for handicapped persons.View full abstractDownload PDF (950K) -
Yasuhiko TAMURAArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 18-32
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn this paper, the method of knowledge management for prediction and prevention of design troubles is introduced. The points described below are discussed. The knowledge management model of failure mechanisms composed of the two process of knowledge acquisition and knowledge utilization. The knowledge structure for acquiring knowledge of causal chains of failures The failure prediction system based on modeling design items by the features relating to failures and matching the model with the structured knowledgeView full abstractDownload PDF (2005K) -
Kyung-Hun JeongArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 33-41
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSFailure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is one of the useful techniques to be applied in design/development stage to detect incompleteness embedded in product design and to prevent potential defects. The FMEA has not been satisfactorily applied in practice, however, due to some difficulties as follows.
(1) It takes enormous amount of time, (2) Omissions of failure modes in the prediction of failure modes occur, (3) Evaluation of the seriousness of the failure modes is difficult, (4) The result of a FMEA is difficult to be reused.
This paper proposes one methodology to make the FMEA effectively applicable in design process, overcoming difficulties mentioned above. First, I characterize the FMEA as a predictive trial-and-error method in the process of product design and clarify the significance of "failure modes" as an important aspect of product-specific technology. Second, I identify the following concepts to perform the FMEA effectively and efficiently.
(1) Hierarchy, (2) Association, (3) Cause-and-Effect Mechanism, (4) Standardization, (5) Priority Principle.
And In this paper, FMEAmaster which is the FMEA support software developed based on the five above-mentioned concepts is introduced. FMEAmaster is a web-based software best for effective FMEA and failure experience data management in the enterprise.View full abstractDownload PDF (1331K) -
Akihiko MASUDA, Kazuyuki SUZUKIArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 42-50
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn reliability and safety, human factors play important roles. For preventive measures, advance disclosure of both potential human errors and hazards of systems is very important. This manuscript presents a three-element FMEA that takes into account human error, equipment failure and their environment. Using this method, the analysis of product reliability and safety can be implemented both systematically and comprehensively. Also, two methods that reveal human errors are presented: guide words analysis of human errors and similarity analysis of product use focused on the function of a product. The former focuses on deviations from the correct use, and the latter focuses on uses that manufacturers had not intended for their products. More than 95 percent of the errors that cause consumer product accidents were revealed in a list from a reporting information system by applying the proposed methods to find error modes for three kinds of consumer products.View full abstractDownload PDF (1126K) -
Masato SYOUJIArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 51-54
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSFTA is applied for 'thorough predictive cause analysis of important failure modes and chronic failures in design departments. However FT diagrams and trouble reports which design departments share are not reused so effectively for future FTA. In this paper, the problems relating to knowledge management of failures are discussed and then the method of knowledge utilization for FTA using structured knowledge by SSM is demonstrated with the example of mechanical parts.View full abstractDownload PDF (845K) -
Tsugio MIZUYAArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 55-58
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIn the study of validity of manufacturing process design, it is necessary to predict and prevent failures that would occur in designed processes and understand the weak points of the designed processes. In this paper, the application of the method to predict potential failures in process design based on reusable knowledge acquired from trouble reports on process design is described. Firstly, an example of DR (Design Review) conducted at the company the author belonged to and an activity for utilizing knowledge of failures which occurred due to poor process design are introduced and .the problems in these activities are described: Next, the activity at the company for utilizing structured knowledge of failures based on SSM (Stress-Strength Model) and the study on effective reuse of knowledge of process failures by SSM are introduced. Finally, man-hours required for acquiring structured knowledge of failures and the significance of the activity for utilizing structured knowledge are considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (552K) -
Takaki TOKUYAMA, Toru MORIArticle type: Features 〔Engineering Approach to Knowledge Management〕
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 59-67
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe documents about troubles such as trouble reports, testing reports and FMEA sheets are shared in design departments. However, the descriptions in those documents are limited to the very parts in which the troubles occur and tend to be fragmentary and individual knowledge. In order to realize trouble prevention, it is necessary to extract the essence of the failure mechanisms from those descriptions and represent the structured knowledge processed by computer. Furthermore, it is dispensable to construct the system based on knowledge processing supported by advanced retrieval technology. In this paper, the system technology and knowledge processing for structured knowledge is discussed and "Alize", which is the system supporting trouble prevention is introduced. "Alize" is realized by combining the structured knowledge engineering and advanced natural language processing technology and it is much better than a mere document search engine.View full abstractDownload PDF (1515K)
Research Papers
Technical Note
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Yoshimitsu NAGAIArticle type: Technical Note
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 117-125
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSIt is an important problem to estimate component parameters. We sometimes cannot investigate the cause of failure immediately, we say that the cause of failure is masked. We consider k-component series system, whose component lifetime follows the exponential distribution. When the couse of failure is randomly masked, we show the maximum likelihood estimator and the unbiased one under not only the case that every failure is observed but also type II censoring or two kinds of negative binomial sampling Under the negative binomial sampling for 2-component series system, we illustrated the numerical examples about the variation of the expected total number of systems and that of the relative errors of the unbiased estimators as the masking probability varies. We decide the number of successes (failure systems) in a sequence of Bernoulli trials, then we have the required precision of the estimator and show its precision of the estimator is smaller than that without masking. Under one of the negative binomial sampling which we propose, we show that the precision of the unbiased estimator of failure rate need not depend on the other failure rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (774K)
Contributed Article
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Hideki KOBAYASHI, Hiroshi OSADAArticle type: Contributed Article
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 126-138
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSThe purpose of information system has changed to improve management speed from the cost reduction as the information system is expected to contribute to management performance. Furthermore, information system is requested to contribute to customer satisfaction, collaboration and business strategy. The device maker who supplies parts, it is key factor for success to fit its technology seeds with the demand of its customer who is assembler. It is necessary for device maker to establish collaboration environment with its customer, assembler. This article creates new assessment method to increase customer value by using the business model of device maker. This assessment method consists of value chain map and value matrix for information system. This method is expected to play an important role for planning information system to increase customer value and contribute to its management performance.View full abstractDownload PDF (1949K)
Quality Report
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Taichi TAKAHASHI, Hideo SUZUKIArticle type: Quality Report
2005 Volume 35 Issue 1 Pages 139-145
Published: January 15, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: April 27, 2018
JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESSProfessional baseball has had national popularity, but nowadays, the team business is at the crossroads. The professional baseball teams have played a strong role of an advertising tower for the parent company so far. However, due to depression in recent years, the teams are in a difficult position to depend on the parent company and to continue loss-making operation. Therefore, they are increasingly pressed for independence. Under such a situation, the professional baseball community should utilize marketing and promotion more effectively to lessen the distance between the professional baseball teams and their fans. It is important to grasp the needs of the fans regarded as customers. In this research, based on the conventional research of service quality, customer satisfaction and loyalty, we conducted a survey study on loyalty and satisfaction to the professional baseball teams. Particularly, in order to grasp the fans' attitudes and needs, a web-questionnaire survey from the fans who support a specific professional baseball team was conducted. On the basis of factor analysis, covariance structure analysis and text mining, we examined how and which factors have an effect on the loyalty and satisfaction to the teams and what the fans desire to the teams.View full abstractDownload PDF (740K)
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